Safety and clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy with immunotherapy for organ preservation in ultra-low rectal cancer: preliminary results of the CHOICE-I trial: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To explore the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) combined with a PD-1 antibody in improving complete clinical response (cCR) and organ preservation in patients with ultra-low rectal cancer.

Methods: This was a prospective phase II, single-arm, open-label trial. Patients with confirmed pMMR status T1-3aN0-1M0 retcal adenocarcinoma were included.

Inflammation-induced Generation of Splenic Erythroblast-like Ter- Cells Inhibits the Progression of Acute Lung Injury via Artemin.

Identifying inflammation-induced leukocyte subsets and their derived circulating factors has been instrumental in understanding the progession of ALI/ARDS. Nevertheless, how primary inflammation-induced non-leukocyte populations in distal organs contribute to ALI/ARDS remains poorly defined. Here, we report one population of erythroblast-like cells (Ter-cells) deriving from megakaryocyte- erythroid progenitor cells with a unique Ter-119+CD45-CD71+ phenotype in ALI/ARDS.

Status of a New Model of ERCP Training in China: A Nationwide Survey of Standardized Training for ERCP Procedure (STEP) Programs.

Aims: ERCP training should adapt to the rapid development of ERCP technology and indications. China has a large population and vast land area, but ERCP training resources are insufficient. To make effective use of scarce ERCP training resources, the Standardized Training for ERCP Procedure (STEP) program was launched as a pilot trial.

Regulator of G protein signaling-1 facilitates ovarian cancer development by modulating NF-kB signal pathway.

Regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1) is known to be highly expressed in various tumors, but its specific effects and regulatory mechanism in ovarian cancer (OC) progression are not well understood. To delve into the tumor biology, a predictive risk model for OC was developed, incorporating RGS1, PRKG2, CD24, and ABCB1, with RGS1 exhibiting the strongest correlation. The model's reliability and validity were confirmed through Kaplan-Meier analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and principal component analysis (PCA).

Prediction of pulmonary embolism by an explainable machine learning approach in the real world.

In recent years, large amounts of researches showed that pulmonary embolism (PE) has become a common disease, and PE remains a clinical challenge because of its high mortality, high disability, high missed and high misdiagnosed rates. To address this, we employed an artificial intelligence-based machine learning algorithm (MLA) to construct a robust predictive model for PE. We retrospectively analyzed 1480 suspected PE patients hospitalized in West China Hospital of Sichuan University between May 2015 and April 2020.

Targeting cryptic allosteric sites of G protein-coupled receptors as a novel strategy for biased drug discovery.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest family of membrane receptors and are highly effective targets for therapeutic drugs. GPCRs couple different downstream effectors, including G proteins (such as Gi/o, Gs, G12, and Gq) and β-arrestins (such as β-arrestin 1 and β-arrestin 2) to mediate diverse cellular and physiological responses. Biased signaling allows for the specific activation of certain pathways from the full range of receptors' signaling capabilities.

The double-edged role of IL-18 in reproductive endocrine and reproductive immune related disorders.

Interleukin (IL)-18 is one of the members of IL-1 family cytokines, it was originally named as interferon gamma (IFN-γ) inducing factor. IL-18 is a pleiotropic immune regulator and has a bidirectional regulatory effect on immunity. It exerts a potent pro-inflammatory effect by inducing the expression of IFN-γ, also has an important anti-inflammatory role.

Association of body mass index with clinicopathological features among patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma treated with surgery: a retrospective study.

To investigate the potential association between body mass index (BMI) and the clinicopathological features of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We retrospectively analyzed data from 2541 patients who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy for renal masses between 2013 and 2023 in a single institution. Patients were divided into normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups based on the Chinese BMI classification.

High-risk characteristics of recurrent ischemic stroke after intensive medical management for 6-month follow-up: a histogram study on vessel wall MRI.

Objective: Intensive medical management has been recommended for ischemic stroke of intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS), but 9.4-15% probability of recurrent stroke remains an inevitable reality. The characteristics of high-risk intracranial plaque that contribute to stroke recurrence after intensive therapy are unclear.

Hemodynamic evaluation of symptomatic and asymptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis using cerebral angiographic images: an exploratory study.

Background: Previous studies suggest that it may be inappropriate to determine treatment strategies solely based on the degree of stenosis for patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). In order to better risk stratify patients with ICAS, we developed a novel non-invasive fractional flow (FF) calculation technique based on intracranial angiography (Angio-FF) to assess the hemodynamics for patients with ICAS. This study aims to investigate the difference in FF between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with ICAS and its potential optimal threshold.

Excessive accumulation of thioredoxin promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells of ligament in ankylosing spondylitis by upregulating autophagy levels.

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by dysfunction of the immune system, which leads to chronic inflammation and progressive ossification of spinal ligaments. The precise pathogenesis of this condition remains unclear, thereby impeding the development of effective treatments.

Methods: We analyzed the GSE25101 dataset and identified the aberrant expression and potential pathogenic role of TXN.

Msx1-Modified Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Rotator Cuff Repair: A Comprehensive Analysis of Tendon-Bone Healing and Cellular Mechanisms.

This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Msx1-overexpressing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in enhancing tendon-bone healing in rotator cuff injuries. BMSCs were genetically modified to overexpress Msx1 and were evaluated in vitro for their proliferation, migration, and differentiation potential. Results demonstrated that Msx1 overexpression significantly increased BMSC proliferation and migration while inhibiting osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation.

A fast-modeling framework for personalized human body models based on a single image.

Finite element human body models (HBMs) are the primary method for predicting human biological responses in vehicle collisions, especially personalized HBMs that allow accounting for diverse populations. Yet, creating personalized HBMs from a single image is a challenging task. This study addresses this challenge by providing a framework for HBM personalization, starting from a single image used to estimate the subject's skin point cloud, the skeletal point cloud, and the relative positions of the skeletons.

Depressive symptoms among the oldest-old in China: a study on rural-urban differences.

Background: In China, In China, depression among the oldest-old (aged 80 + years) is a major public health issue. As the gap in development between urban and rural China widens, the aim of this study was to demonstrated whether there are disparities in the incidence of depressive symptoms between the urban and rural oldest-old (aged 80+) in China and to quantify the contribution of relevant influencing factors.

Methods: The study evaluated data on 5,116 oldest adults (female, 55.

Janus PEGylated CuS-engineered Lactobacillus casei combats biofilm infections via metabolic interference and innate immunomodulation.

Bacterial implant-associated infections predominantly contribute to the failure of prosthesis implantation. The local biofilm microenvironment (BME), characterized by its hyperacidic condition and high hydrogen peroxide (HO) level, inhibits the host's immune response, thereby facilitating recurrent infections. Here, a Janus PEGylated CuS nanoparticle (CuPen) armed engineered Lactobacillus casei (L.

TDERS, an exosome RNA-derived signature predicts prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in clear cell renal cell cancer: a multicohort study.

Background: Tumor-derived exosomes are involved in tumor progression and immune invasion and might function as promising noninvasive approaches for clinical management. However, there are few reports on exosom-based markers for predicting the progression and adjuvant therapy response rate among patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: The signatures differentially expressed in exosomes from tumor and normal tissues from ccRCC patients were correspondingly deregulated in ccRCC tissues.

Associations between ABO, FUT2 and chronic pancreatitis: A comprehensive meta-analysis of multiple cohorts and public biobanks.

Objectives: Associations of ABO blood group specifying transferases A/B (ABO) and fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) with CP remain inconclusive. We aimed to comprehensively investigate the associations by Chinese sequencing cohorts and external cohorts.

Methods: First, we analyzed the distributions of ABO blood groups and FUT2 status, along with lead single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at ABO (rs8176693 C/T) and FUT2 (rs632111 A/G) gene loci in Chinese low-coverage whole-genome sequencing discovery cohort.

Chronic unpredictable stress induces anxiety-like behavior and oxidative stress, leading to diminished ovarian reserve.

Chronic stress can adversely affect the female reproductive endocrine system, potentially leading to disorders and impairments in ovarian function. However, current research lacks comprehensive understanding regarding the biochemical characteristics and underlying mechanisms of ovarian damage induced by chronic stress. We established a stable chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) animal model.

Itaconate facilitates viral infection via alkylating GDI2 and retaining Rab GTPase on the membrane.

Metabolic reprogramming of host cells plays critical roles during viral infection. Itaconate, a metabolite produced from cis-aconitate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) by immune responsive gene 1 (IRG1), is involved in regulating innate immune response and pathogen infection. However, its involvement in viral infection and underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.

Standard: Human gastric cancer organoids.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies with poor prognosis. The use of organoids to simulate gastric cancer has rapidly developed over the past several years. Patient-derived gastric cancer organoids serve as in vitro models that closely mimics donor characteristics, offering new opportunities for both basic and applied research.

Treatment of saccular wide-neck intracranial aneurysm using Leo baby stent: a single-center experience based on 156 cases.

To describe the mid-term safety and efficacy of Leo baby stent applied in saccular wide-neck intracranial aneurysms (IAs). 151 patients harboring 156 IAs treated with Leo baby stent from March 2021 to October 2023 were enrolled for further analysis. Among 156 IAs, 142 cases (91.

Exogenous acetate attenuates inflammatory responses through HIF-1α-dependent glycolysis regulation in macrophage.

Cytokine storm is a hallmark for acute systemic inflammatory disease like sepsis. Intrinsic microbiome-derived short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) like acetate modulates immune cell function and metabolism has been well studied. However, it remains poorly investigated about the effects and the underlying mechanism of exogenous acetate in acute inflammation like sepsis.

Prognostic Significance of Polymorphism rs140693 and Clinical Characteristics in Chinese Lung Cancer Patients.

Unlabelled: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of death among cancer patients, and the five-year survival rate is less than 25%. However, () polymorphism rs140693 predicts the prognosis of lung cancer patients still needs further verification. Primary lung cancer patients ( = 839) were collected from two hospitals, genomic DNA was extracted from blood, and genotyping was performed using SNPcan technology.

Papillary Renal Neoplasm With Reverse Polarity: CT and MR Imaging Characteristics in 26 Patients.

Rationale And Objectives: To improve the diagnostic recognition of papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity (PRNRP) through comprehensive analysis of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective multi-center study was conducted on patients with pathologically confirmed PRNRPs from 2019 to 2024, encompassing six institutions. Clinical and pathological data were meticulously documented.

Chronic stress induces depression-like behavior in rats through affecting brain mitochondrial function and inflammation.

Chronic stress is involved in pathophysiology of depression, and causes some neurochemical alterations in brain. Both mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation are implicated in mediating the depression-like behavior. The objectives of present study were, at first, to confirm that chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) induces depression-like behavior and alters mitochondrial function and inflammatory responses within the brain, and then to explore the role of mitochondria in the development of this depression-like behavior.