Problematic smartphone use and two types of problematic use of the internet and self-stigma among people with substance use disorders.

Background And Aims: Guided by the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model and a self-stigma framework, this study aimed to investigate relationships between cognitive and affective self-stigma and behavioral self-stigma, problematic use of internet (PUI), and problematic smartphone use (PSU) among people with substance use disorders (SUDs). It also examined mediating roles for affective self-stigma in the relationships between cognitive self-stigma and behavioral self-stigma/PUI/PSU.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 530 participants diagnosed with SUDs in Taiwan were recruited from a psychiatric center in Taiwan.

Neonatal and pregnancy complications following maternal depression or antidepressant exposure: A population-based, retrospective birth cohort study.

Objectives: Depression is common during pregnancy, and antidepressants are often prescribed for treatment. However, depression and antidepressant use both increase the risk of neonatal and pregnancy complications. To separately evaluate the effects of antidepressant use and the underlying depression on pregnancy and neonatal complications by using a robust statistical method to control for confounding by indication.

Effect of the Ligation and Reperfusion Timeframe on Maximal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Diverse Rat Models.

Background: Little is known about the effect that different time sequences for coronary ligation and reperfusion have on ischemic-reperfusion (IR) injury.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the extent of IR injury and the timeframe for coronary ligation/reperfusion in three animal models.

Methods: Three rat models were used: normal Sprague-Dawley rats, diabetes mellitus (DM) rats, and fat rats.

Examining the association between neuropsychiatric symptoms among people with dementia and caregiver mental health: are caregiver burden and affiliate stigma mediators?

Background: Neuropsychiatric disturbances are common manifestations of dementia disorders and are associated with caregiver burden and affiliate stigma. The present study investigated affiliate stigma and caregiver burden as mediators for the association between neuropsychiatric symptoms of people with dementia (PWD) and caregiver mental health such as depression and anxiety.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was carried out with 261 dyads of PWD and informal caregivers from the outpatient department of a general hospital in Taiwan.

Quality of life and care burden among family caregivers of people with severe mental illness: mediating effects of self-esteem and psychological distress.

Background: Family caregivers are important allies for healthcare providers in facilitating the recovery process among people with mental illness (PWMI). The present study examined the factors associated with quality of life (QoL) among family caregivers of PWMI.

Methods: A multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted.

Impact of Metabolic Surgery on Gut Microbiota and Sera Metabolomic Patterns among Patients with Diabetes.

Metabolic surgery is a promising treatment for obese individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the mechanism is not completely understood. Current understanding of the underlying ameliorative mechanisms relies on alterations in parameters related to the gastrointestinal hormones, biochemistry, energy absorption, the relative composition of the gut microbiota, and sera metabolites. A total of 13 patients with obesity and T2DM undergoing metabolic surgery treatments were recruited.

Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 and Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Regulation in Obese Diabetics, and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease after Gastric Bypass.

Background: Gastric bypass (GB) is an effective treatment for those who are morbidly obese with coexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are involved in the regulation of energy metabolism.

Methods: We investigated the roles of FGF 19, FGF 21, and total bile acid among those with morbidly obese and T2DM undergoing GB.

Neuropsychiatric and cognitive symptoms in people with hypertension: An examination with the NINDS-CSN consensus protocol.

Hypertension has been associated with risk of cognitive impairments. The American Heart Association recommended the use of the harmonized neuropsychological protocol suggested by the National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke and the Canadian Stroke Network (NINDS-CSN) for studying related cognitive impairments. Initially designed for vascular cognitive impairment, empirical data of results from NINDS-CSN protocol has not been well-established in hypertension.

Change of plasma amylin after bariatric surgery challenged by oral glucose is associated with remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Gastric bypass (GB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) were found to achieve different remission rates in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The alteration in several gut hormones after bariatric surgery has been demonstrated to play a key role for T2DM remission. Nevertheless, amylin, one of the diabetes-associated peptides, so far has an undetermined position on T2DM remission after bariatric surgery.

Risk of incident dementia in late-life depression treated with antidepressants: A nationwide population cohort study.

Background: Antidepressants are frequently used to treat depression in patients with dementia. In addition, late-life depression is associated with the incidence of subsequent cognitive impairment or dementia. However, the association between exposure to antidepressants in late-life depression and the development of incident dementia remains understudied.

Comparing generalized and specific problematic smartphone/internet use: Longitudinal relationships between smartphone application-based addiction and social media addiction and psychological distress.

Background And Aims: The literature has proposed two types of problematic smartphone/internet use: generalized problematic use and specific problematic use. However, longitudinal findings on the associations between the two types of problematic use and psychological distress are lacking among East-Asians. The present study examined temporal associations between both generalized and specific problematic use of the smartphone/internet, and psychological distress.

Do different bariatric surgical procedures influence plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2, -7, and -9 among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Background: Bariatric surgery is an efficient strategy for body weight and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management. Abnormal lipid deposition in visceral organs, especially the pancreas and liver, might cause beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling allows adipose expansion, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play essential roles in ECM construction.

Association Between Family Caregiver Burden and Affiliate Stigma in the Families of People with Dementia.

Family caregivers of people with dementia (PWD) have a heavy care burden. Affiliate stigma is the stigma internalized by individuals associated with PWD. Limited research has addressed the affiliate stigma among caregivers of PWD and its influence on caregiver burden.

Changes in post-oral glucose challenge pancreatic polypeptide hormone levels following metabolic surgery: A comparison of gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy.

Background: Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) hormone is a 36-amino-acid peptide released from the pancreas, the serum levels of which have been shown to rise upon food intake. The underlying mechanism for metabolic surgery in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains intriguing. We compared post-oral glucose challenge PP levels between patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric bypass (GB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) at 1 year after surgery.

A prospective study on the link between weight-related self-stigma and binge eating: Role of food addiction and psychological distress.

Objectives: This prospective study investigated the link between weight-related self-stigma and binge eating by (a) examining the temporal association between weight-related self-stigma and binge eating; (b) investigating the mediating role of food addiction in the association between weight-related self-stigma and binge eating; and (c) examining the mediating role of psychological distress in the association between weight-related self-stigma and binge eating.

Method: Participants comprised 1,497 adolescents (mean = 15.1 years; SD = 6.

Correlations And Correlates Of Post-Traumatic Growth And Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms In Patients With Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Although post-traumatic growth (PTG) and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) might develop and coexist after a major trauma, few studies have simultaneously examined them in patients with breast cancer. This study investigated the correlation between PTG and PTSS and their differential correlates in patients with breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: Overall, 145 patients with breast cancer were recruited.

Association Between Emotional Disorders and Speech and Language Impairments: A National Population-Based Study.

Anxiety and depression are common emotional problems in children and adolescents. This study used a long-term tracking large database to investigate whether the proportion of children who were diagnosed with speech and language impairments were later diagnosed with anxiety or depression were significantly greater than that of matched group of the same age and gender without speech and language impairments. More than 4300 eligible children with speech and language impairments and matched controls were identified and assessed for anxiety and depression.

Antidepressant treatment and mortality risk in patients with dementia and depression: a nationwide population cohort study in Taiwan.

Background: Dementia prevalence is increasing worldwide, and dementia is frequently comorbid with depression during its disease course. Additionally, safety concerns are rising regarding the prescription of psychotropic agents to patients with dementia. Thus, our study assessed the influence of prescribing antidepressants in dementia with depression on mortality risk, and the differences between classes of antidepressants.

Bile Acid and Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 Regulation in Obese Diabetics, and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease after Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is an effective treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, the mechanism is not completely understood. Bile acids and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are involved in the regulation of energy metabolism.

Methods: We investigated the roles of total bile acid and FGF 19 in T2DM remission and NAFLD improvement in obese subjects undergoing SG.

Corrigendum to "Effects of Electroacupuncture on Methamphetamine-Induced Behavioral Changes in Mice".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2017/5642708.].

Expression of PRDX6 Correlates with Migration and Invasiveness of Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Background/aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. PRDXs are antioxidant enzymes that play an important role in cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis and have diverse functions in malignancy development. However, the mechanism of aberrant overexpression of PRDX6 in CRC remains unclear.

Perceived stigma of caregivers: Psychometric evaluation for Devaluation of Consumer Families Scale.

The Devaluation of Consumer Families Scale (DCFS) is commonly used to measure perceived stigma towards family members of people with mental illness. However, its factorial structure has never been confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). This study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the DCFS Taiwan version (DCFS-TW).

and Methylation Attenuates Tubulin Expression and Cell Stiffness in Cancer.

Cell stiffness is a potential biomarker for monitoring cellular transformation, metastasis, and drug resistance development. Environmental factors relayed into the cell may result in formation of inheritable markers (e.g.

Dysregulated expression of antioxidant enzymes in polyethylene particle-induced periprosthetic inflammation and osteolysis.

Small wear particles (0.1-10 μm) in total joint replacement are generally considered as the major causative agent leading to periprosthetic inflammation and osteolysis. However, little is known about the roles of larger wear particles (10-100 μm) in periprosthetic inflammation and osteolysis.