[Expression of sal-like 4 in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and its association with epithelial-mesenchymal transition].

To investigate the expression of sal-like 4 (SALL4) in tissues of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its association with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and clinicopathological characteristics. Immunohistochemistry and nucleic acid in situ hybridization were used to measure the mRNA expression of SALL4, epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), vimentin, and Snail in 72 HCC samples, 2 fetal liver samples, and 2 normal adult liver tissue samples. Strong expression of SALL4 was observed in hepatoblasts in fetal liver, but SALL4 expression was not observed in primitive hematopoietic cells and normal adult hepatocytes or biliary epithelial cells.

International Myeloma Working Group consensus criteria for response and minimal residual disease assessment in multiple myeloma.

Treatment of multiple myeloma has substantially changed over the past decade with the introduction of several classes of new effective drugs that have greatly improved the rates and depth of response. Response criteria in multiple myeloma were developed to use serum and urine assessment of monoclonal proteins and bone marrow assessment (which is relatively insensitive). Given the high rates of complete response seen in patients with multiple myeloma with new treatment approaches, new response categories need to be defined that can identify responses that are deeper than those conventionally defined as complete response.

Role of micro-RNAs in drug resistance of multiple myeloma.

While novel therapeutic approaches have profoundly improved survival of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, drug resistance and treatment refractoriness still persists. This obstacle highly demands thorough investigation into the root and underlying molecular mechanisms to develop more effective strategies. The advent of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in the study of cancer biology and pathogenesis in recent years has revolutionized therapy in this field and particularly opened new windows to further understanding of tumor drug resistance.

Annexin A4-nuclear factor-κB feedback circuit regulates cell malignant behavior and tumor growth in gallbladder cancer.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignant tumor of the biliary system. However, the mechanisms underlying its tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis are not yet fully understood. The annexin A4 (ANXA4) gene is highly expressed in GBC tissues and may play an important role in the initiation and progression of this disease.

A report of a novel technique: The comprehensive fibular autograft with double metal locking plate fixation (cFALP) for refractory post-operative diaphyseal femur fracture non-union treatment.

Introduction: The refractory post-operative diaphyseal femur fracture (DFF) non-union is extremely difficult to treat and remains severe challenges for orthopedists. Although several traditional internal fixations and novel biomedical techniques have been used in managing this complication, its treatment is still fraught with severe challenges.

Patients And Methods: Starting from 1999, 5 patients after three previous internal fixation operations showing refractory DFF non-union underwent the comprehensive fibular autograft with double metal locking plates fixation (cFALP) surgery.

NG2 expression in microglial cells affects the expression of neurotrophic and proinflammatory factors by regulating FAK phosphorylation.

Neural/glial antigen 2 (NG2), a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, is significantly upregulated in a subset of glial cells in the facial motor nucleus (FMN) following CNS injury. NG2 is reported to promote the resulting inflammatory reaction, however, the mechanism by which NG2 mediates these effects is yet to be determined. In this study, we examined the changes in NG2 expressing microglial cells in the FMN in response to facial nerve axotomy (FNA) in mice.

Spontaneous fracture of cranioplastic titanium implants without head trauma in an adult: A case report.

Introduction: The cranioplasty is a classical surgical procedure to repair large skull defects. The prosthesis fracture was one rare complication following cranioplasty, which was only known to happen in traumatic head injury or child growing skull.

Presentation Of Case: In the current report, we documented the first reported case of cranioplasty prosthesis fracture in an adult neurological trauma patient at the proximal pterion point region without head trauma.

A panel data set on harvest and perfusion decellularization of porcine rectus abdominis.

In this dataset, we particularly depicted the harvest and perfusion decellularization of porcine rectus abdominis (RA), accompanied with displaying of the retained vascular trees within the perfusion-decellularized skeletal muscle matrix (pM-ECM) using vascular corrosion casting. In addition, several important tips for successful pM-ECM preparation were emphasized, which including using anatomically isolated skeletal muscle as tissue source with all main feeding and draining vessels perfused, preserving the internal microcirculation availability, aseptic technique and pyrogen free in all steps, sequential perfusion via artery or vein, and longtime washing after decellularization. The data are supplemental to our original research article describing detailed associations of pM-ECM as a clinically relevant scale, three-dimensional scaffold with a vascular network template for tissue-specific regeneration, "Perfusion-decellularized skeletal muscle as a three-dimensional scaffold with a vascular network template" Zhang et al.

The role of annexin A4 in cancer.

Annexin A4 (ANXA4) is a member of the annexin family that binds to both calcium ions and phospholipids. Studies indicate that ANXA4 modulates membrane permeability and membrane trafficking, participates in cellular growth and apoptosis, enhances tumor invasion and promotes anti-tumor drug resistance. The overexpression of ANXA4 has been identified in various clinical epithelial tumors including: lung, gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, gallbladder, breast, renal, ovarian, laryngeal, and prostate cancers.

Perfusion-decellularized skeletal muscle as a three-dimensional scaffold with a vascular network template.

There exists a great need for repair grafts with similar volume to human skeletal muscle that can promote the innate ability of muscle to regenerate following volumetric muscle loss. Perfusion decellularization is an attractive technique for extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold from intact mammalian organ or tissue which has been successfully used in tissue reconstruction. The perfusion-decellularization of skeletal muscle has been poorly assessed and characterized, but the bioactivity and functional capacity of the obtained perfusion skeletal muscle ECM (pM-ECM) to remodel in vivo is unknown.

SOX7 is associated with the suppression of human glioma by HMG-box dependent regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

SOX7 has been recently recognized as a tumor suppressor belonging to the SOX (SRY-related HMG-box) family of a transcription factor. However, its role in human gliomas is unknown. Our study showed that SOX7 expression was significantly downregulated in human gliomas.

Food preparation with mucoralean fungi: A potential biosafety issue?

Mucorales have been used for production of fermented food in Asia and Africa since time immemorial. Particularly Rhizopus species are rapidly growing, active producers of lipases and proteases and occur naturally during the first stages of soybean fermentation. Two biosafety issues have been raised in recent literature: (1) pathogenicity, Rhizopus species being prevalent opportunists causing erosive infections in severely compromised patients, and (2) toxicity, strains harbouring endosymbiotic Burkholderia producing toxic secondary metabolites.

[Efficacy and prognostic factors of induction therapy combined with autologous stem cell transplantation in 201 patients with multiple myeloma].

Objective: To explore the efficacy and prognostic factors of induction therapy combined with autogenetic peripheral blood stem cells transplantation (APBSCT)in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).

Methods: From January 1998 to May 2015, 201 patients with MM were enrolled. All patients received APBSCT after induction therapy.

A longitudinally split rabbit segmental gracilis to simulate penile erectile function: anatomic basis and animal models.

Objective: The gracilis was once applied in reconstructing erectile function but its appearance was bulky. We aimed to design a model meeting the requirements of both reducing volume and retaining function.

Materials And Methods: The gracilis muscles of 6 rabbits were harvested, applied colorful vascular perfusion and modified Sihler's intramuscular nerve staining.

RNA sequencing identifies crucial genes in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) progression.

Purpose: The study aims to uncover molecular mechanisms of PTC (papillary thyroid carcinoma) progression and provide therapeutic biomarkers.

Methods: The paired tumor and control tissues were obtained from 5 PTC patients. RNA was extracted and cDNA libraries were constructed.

Panobinostat plus bortezomib and dexamethasone in previously treated multiple myeloma: outcomes by prior treatment.

Panobinostat is a potent pan-deacetylase inhibitor that affects the growth and survival of multiple myeloma (MM) cells through alteration of epigenetic mechanisms and protein metabolism. Panobinostat plus bortezomib and dexamethasone (PAN-BTZ-Dex) led to a significant increase in progression-free survival (PFS) vs placebo plus bortezomib and dexamethasone (Pbo-BTZ-Dex) in patients with relapsed or relapsed and refractory MM in the phase 3 PANORAMA 1 trial. This subgroup analysis evaluated outcomes in patients in the PANORAMA 1 trial based on prior treatment: a prior immunomodulatory drug (IMiD; n = 485), prior bortezomib plus an IMiD (n = 193), and ≥2 prior regimens including bortezomib and an IMiD (n = 147).

Renal carcinoid tumor with liver metastasis followed up postoperatively for 9 years.

Background: We describe a case of renal carcinoid tumor with liver metastasis followed up postoperatively for 9 years.

Case Presentation: A 33-year-old man presented with left flank dull ache. On the abdominal computed tomography, a solid renal mass in the upper portion of the left kidney was detected.

SAR650984 directly induces multiple myeloma cell death via lysosomal-associated and apoptotic pathways, which is further enhanced by pomalidomide.

The anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody SAR650984 (SAR) is showing promising clinical activity in treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (MM). Besides effector-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-mediated cytotoxicity, we here define molecular mechanisms of SAR-directed MM cell death and enhanced anti-MM activity triggered by SAR with Pomalidomide (Pom). Without Fc-cross-linking agents or effector cells, SAR specifically induces homotypic aggregation (HA)-associated cell death in MM cells dependent on the level of cell surface CD38 expression, actin cytoskeleton and membrane lipid raft.

Risk factors for the development of metachronous bone metastasis in colorectal cancer patients after curative resection.

Objective: Metachronous bone metastasis (MBM) occurs in 6-10% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients following surgical treatment. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors affecting the development of MBM in CRC patients following curative resection.

Method: Clinical and pathological records of 516 CRC patients who underwent curative resection were retrospectively studied.

Genome-wide analysis of YB-1-RNA interactions reveals a novel role of YB-1 in miRNA processing in glioblastoma multiforme.

Altered miRNA expression is believed to play a crucial role in a variety of human cancers; however, the mechanisms leading to the dysregulation of miRNA expression remain elusive. In this study, we report that the human Y box-binding protein (YB-1), a major mRNA packaging protein, is a novel modulator of miRNA processing in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Using individual nucleotide-resolution crosslinking immunoprecipitation coupled to deep sequencing (iCLIP-seq), we performed the first genome-wide analysis of the in vivo YB-1-RNA interactions and found that YB-1 preferentially recognizes a UYAUC consensus motif and binds to the majority of coding gene transcripts including pre-mRNAs and mature mRNAs.

Association of angiotensin ІІ type 1 receptor (A1166C) polymorphism with breast cancer risk: An update meta-analysis.

Objective: Previous studies on the relationship between angiotensin ІІ type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene (A1166C) polymorphism and breast cancer did not reach the same conclusion. In the present study, we aimed to further evaluate the relationship between the AT1R gene A1166C polymorphism and breast cancer risk.

Methods: We selected five case-control studies related to AT1R gene A1166C polymorphism and breast cancer by searching PubMed, EMBase, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese CNKI, Web of Science, and the Wanfang database.

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α suppresses the aggravation of colon carcinoma.

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-α (HNF4α), a nuclear receptor, is expressed at lower levels in colon carcinoma tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. However, the relation between HNF4α and colon cancer progression and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of HNF4α in the progression of colon carcinoma.

The activation of NG2 expressing cells is downstream to microglial reaction and mediated by the transforming growth factor beta 1.

In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of activation of NG2 expressing cells. Application of microglial inhibitors not only attenuated morphological changes but also significantly retarded increase in the number of NG2 expressing cells. Intracerebral injection of TGF-β1 led to a profound activation of NG2 glia as well as an earlier accumulation of NG2(+)-microglia, whilst inhibition of TGF-β1 Smad2/3 signalling pathway eventually attenuated their active responses.

Importin β1 mediates nuclear factor-κB signal transduction into the nuclei of myeloma cells and affects their proliferation and apoptosis.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasm that is currently incurable. The activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signalling plays a crucial role in the immortalisation of MM cells. As the most important transcription factor of the canonical NF-κB pathway, the p50/p65 heterodimer requires transportation into the nucleus for its successful signal transduction.

Chylous ascites treated by traditional Chinese herbal medicine: a case report and discussion.

Chylous ascites, which can lead to peritonitis, intestinal obstruction, metabolic disorder, and even death from pyemia, is a rare complication of abdominal surgery. Currently, first-line treatment involves conservative management, which includes oral diet and total parenteral nutrition (TPN). However, the efficacy of these treatments cannot be guaranteed.