Development of real-time individualized risk prediction models for contrast associated acute kidney injury and 30-day dialysis after contrast enhanced computed tomography.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop preprocedural real-time artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems for predicting individualized risks of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) and dialysis requirement within 30 days following contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT).

Method: This single-center, retrospective study analyzed adult patients from emergency or in-patient departments who underwent CECT; 18,895 patients were included after excluding those who were already on dialysis, had stage V chronic kidney disease, or had missing data regarding serum creatinine levels within 7 days before and after CECT. Clinical parameters, laboratory data, medication exposure, and comorbid diseases were selected as predictive features.

A novel quinoline derivative, DFIQ, sensitizes NSCLC cells to ferroptosis by promoting oxidative stress accompanied by autophagic dysfunction and mitochondrial damage.

Background: The development of nonapoptotic programmed cell death inducers as anticancer agents has emerged as a cancer therapy field. Ferroptosis, ferrous ion-driven programmed cell death that is induced by redox imbalance and dysfunctional reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance, is triggered during sorafenib and PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. DFIQ, a quinoline derivative, promotes apoptosis by disrupting autophagic flux and promoting ROS accumulation.

Clinical efficacy of enteral nutrition feeding modalities in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: In intensive care units (ICUs), both continuous and intermittent feeding are commonly used for early enteral nutrition (EN). However, whether continuous feeding is a preferable feeding modality compared to intermittent feeding remains unclear. Therefore, this meta-analysis assessed the clinical efficacy of both EN feeding modalities in critically ill patients.

Underexpression of Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I as Independent Unfavorable Prognostic Factor in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Potential Theranostic Biomarker.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) is the second most common malignant neoplasm of the liver. In spite of the increasing incidence worldwide, it is relatively rare in Western countries. IHCC is relatively common in Eastern and Southeastern Asia.

CDN1163, a SERCA activator, causes intracellular Ca leak, mitochondrial hyperpolarization and cell cycle arrest in mouse neuronal N2A cells.

Objective: Activity or expression of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca ATPase (SERCA) is diminished in some disease states such as cardiac failure and diabetes mellitus. A newly developed activator of SERCA, CDN1163, reportedly rescued or alleviated pathological conditions attributed to dysfunctional SERCA. We examined whether CDN1163 could relieve mouse neuronal N2A cell growth inhibition caused by cyclopiazonic acid (CPA, SERCA inhibitor).

Efficacy and safety of adjunctive corticosteroids in the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of systemic corticosteroids in the treatment of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP).

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using the Medline, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Scopus databases for articles published until April 24, 2023.

activities of antimicrobial combinations against planktonic and biofilm forms of .

Objectives: To investigate the activity of antibiotic combinations against isolates and their associated biofilms.

Methods: Thirty-two clinical isolates with at least twenty-five different pulsotypes were tested. The antibacterial activity of various antibiotic combinations against seven randomly selected planktonic and biofilm-embedded strains with strong biofilm formation was assessed using broth methods.

Impact of pathological response on oncological outcomes in patients with upper tract urothelial cancer receiving neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the rates of pathological complete response (ypT0N0/X) and pathological response (ypT1N0/X or less) in patients with upper tract urothelial cancer who were treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and to examine their impact on oncological outcomes.

Methods: This study is a multi-institutional retrospective analysis of patients with high-risk upper tract urothelial cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical nephroureterectomy between 2002 and 2021. Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate all clinical parameters for response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Upregulation of dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 (DPYSL3) protein predicts poor prognosis in urothelial carcinoma.

Background: Dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 (DPYSL3) is a cytosolic phosphoprotein expressed in the nervous system and is crucial for neurogenesis. A previous study showed that increased DPYSL3 expression promotes tumour aggressiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, gastric cancer, and colon cancer. However, the role of DPYSL3 in affecting the biological behaviour of urothelial carcinoma (UC) is not yet understood.

Clinical efficacy of nirmatrelvir and ritonavir combination for treating diabetic patients with COVID-19.

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of a combination of nirmatrelvir and ritonavir (NMV-r) for treating COVID-19 in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX research network to identify adult diabetic patients with COVID-19 between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022. Propensity score matching was used to match patients who received NMV-r (NMV-r group) with those who did not receive NMV-r (control group).

Effects of grating stimulation on vision in individuals with amblyopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of Cambridge Stimulator with grating element stimulation on visual acuity (VA), grating acuity (GA), and contrast sensitivity (CS) in patients with amblyopia.

Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched for studies published from January 1970 to November 2022. The searched studies were reviewed and extracted independently by two authors.

Clinical effectiveness of nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir in patients with COVID-19 and substance use disorders based on real-world data.

This study assessed the clinical efficacy of nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir (NMV-r) in treating patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and substance use disorders (SUDs). This study included two cohorts: the first examined patients with SUDs, with and without a prescription for NMV-r, while the second compared patients prescribed with NMV-r, with and without a diagnosis of SUDs. SUDs were defined using ICD-10 codes, related to SUDs, including alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, opioid, and tobacco use disorders (TUD).

Head Trauma Associated with Supra- and Infratentorial Epidural Hematoma: Diagnostic and Surgical Considerations.

Background: Supra- and infratentorial epidural hematoma (SIEDH) is a rare type of intracranial epidural hematoma. Due to the potential of vigorous hemorrhage from the injured transverse sinus (TS), it poses a challenge for neurosurgeons to evacuate the SIEDH.

Methods: The medical records and radiographic studies were retrospectively reviewed to investigate the clinical and radiographic characteristics, clinical course, surgical findings and outcome in 34 patients with head trauma associated with SIEDH.

Machine Learning Approach for Prediction of the Test Results of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation: Model Building and Implementation.

Precocious puberty in girls is defined as the onset of pubertal changes before 8 years of age, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist treatment is available for central precocious puberty (CPP). The gold standard for diagnosing CPP is the GnRH stimulation test. However, the GnRH stimulation test is time-consuming, costly, and requires repeated blood sampling.

ATM Inhibition-Induced ISG15/IFI27/OASL Is Correlated with Immunotherapy Response and Inflamed Immunophenotype.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy can improve the survival of cancer patients with a high tumor mutation burden (TMB-H) or deficiency in DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) in their tumors. However, most cancer patients without TMB-H and dMMR do not benefit from ICB therapy. The inhibition of ATM can increase DNA damage and activate the interferon response, thus modulating the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and the efficacy of ICB therapy.

Prognostic Significance of DNA Topoisomerase II Alpha (TOP2A) in Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumor with an increasing incidence worldwide. Although radiation therapy has improved the therapeutic efficiency of CCA treatment, differential expression of genes among cholangiocarcinoma subtypes has been revealed through precise sequencing. However, no specific molecular therapeutic targets or biomarkers have been figured out for use in precision medicine, and the exact mechanism by which antitumorigenic effects occur is still unclear.

In Silico Analysis of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Bioactive Compounds from L.

is widely known as a medical plant with broad indigenous ethnomedicinal uses, including anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. Despite being used for remedies and ethnomedicinal purposes, the benefits obtained from still need to be fully utilized. The underwhelming studies on its pharmacological potential, bioactive compounds, and mechanism of action keep the pharmacological and new drug discovery progress of this plant slow.

Optical and flexoelectric biosensing based on a hybrid-aligned liquid crystal of anomalously small bend elastic constant.

Liquid crystal (LC)-based biosensors rely on the response of the LC molecules to perturbation generated by analytes at the interface, leading to the susceptible change in molecular alignment or orientation. The sensitivity of these biosensors is primarily dependent on the LC's material properties and surface anchoring strength. By incorporation of an unconventional mesogenic compound (CB7CB) coupled with the hybrid-alignment cell configuration, this work presents a binary nematic LC for label-free biosensing, manifesting a novel sensing technology that takes advantage of CB7CB-induced flexoelectricity in the transducer.

Deciphering extract as electron shuttles with anti-COVID-19 activity and its performance in microbial fuel cells.

Background: Traditional herbal medicines usually contain electron shuttle (ES)-like structures compounds which are potential candidates for antiviral compounds selection. is applied as a biomaterial to decipher its potential applications in bioenergy extraction in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and anti-COVID-19 via molecular docking evaluation.

Methods: leaves extracts by water and 60% ethanol solvent were analyzed for total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and MFCs.

Development and Optimization of Black Rice ( L.) Sourdough Fermented by LUC 247 for Physicochemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Capacity.

This study used LUC 247 to ferment black rice sourdough, made into Type III black rice sourdough powder to produce black rice sourdough bread. The composition analysis, antioxidant capacity, and storage stability of the black rice sourdough bread with different proportions of black rice powder (0-60%) and fermented for different lengths of time (0-48 h) were discussed. The results showed that the black rice sourdough had the maximum lactic acid bacteria count (9 Log CFU/g) during 12 to 36 h of fermentation.

Neonatal and pregnancy complications following maternal depression or antidepressant exposure: A population-based, retrospective birth cohort study.

Objectives: Depression is common during pregnancy, and antidepressants are often prescribed for treatment. However, depression and antidepressant use both increase the risk of neonatal and pregnancy complications. To separately evaluate the effects of antidepressant use and the underlying depression on pregnancy and neonatal complications by using a robust statistical method to control for confounding by indication.