Targeting type 2 inflammation in bullous pemphigoid: current and emerging therapeutic approaches.

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is one of the most common autoimmune bullous diseases and mainly affects an elderly population with multi-morbidity. Due to the frailty of many BP patients, existing treatment options are limited. The blisters associated with BP result from IgG and IgE autoantibodies binding to the central components of hemidesmosome, BP180, and BP230, stimulating a destructive inflammatory process.

Unscarred uterine rupture with catastrophic hemorrhage immediately after vaginal delivery: diagnosis and management of six consecutive cases.

Background: To describe and explore the risk factors, clinical presentations, timely diagnostic approaches, and management in patients experiencing unscarred uterine rupture with catastrophic hemorrhage.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical and imaging data from women who encountered postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and were diagnosed with unscarred uterine rupture within a three-year timeframe (2018-2020). The data were extracted from medical records obtained from a multi-hospital 24-hour emergency PPH transfer system.

Clinical characteristics and immune profiles of patients with immune-mediated alopecia associated with COVID-19 vaccinations.

Background: The clinical characteristics and pathomechanism for immune-mediated alopecia following COVID-19 vaccinations are not clearly characterized.

Objective: We investigated the causality and immune mechanism of COVID-19 vaccines-related alopecia areata (AA).

Study Design: 27 new-onset of AA patients after COVID-19 vaccinations and 106 vaccines-tolerant individuals were enrolled from multiple medical centers for analysis.

Sex differences in the association between vitamin D and early-stage chronic kidney disease: A population-based study.

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is commonly observed in people with late-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease; it has also been associated with the progression of kidney disease. We hypothesized that VDD played a role in early-stage chronic kidney disease as well. Thus, this cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and CKD stages 1 through 3 (early-stage CKD) in a relatively healthy population in China.

Advances in understanding of the pathogenesis and therapeutic implications of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms: an updated review.

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms or drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DRESS/DIHS) is one type of severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR). It is featured by fever, widespread skin lesions, protracted clinical course, internal organ involvement, and possibly long-term autoimmune sequelae. The presence of high-risk human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, hypersensitivity reaction after culprit drug ingestion, and human herpesvirus reactivation may all contribute to its complex clinical manifestations.

Knockdown of Yap attenuates TAA-induced hepatic fibrosis by interaction with hedgehog signals.

Liver fibrosis is an aberrant wound healing response to tissue injury characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition and loss of normal liver architecture. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation is regards to be the major process in liver fibrogenesis which is dynamic and reversible. Both Hippo signaling core factor Yap and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling promote HSCs transdifferentiation thereby regulating the repair process of liver injury.

Application of short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping in partial hydatidiform mole.

Objective: The short tandem repeat (STR) technique, which is currently the most extensively applied genetic marker, works mainly due to the differences in DNA repeats, resulting in a rich population polymorphism and high genetic stability. This paper primarily investigated the application of STR genotyping in partial hydatidiform mole (PHM).

Methods: The clinical data of 31 PHM patients and 23 hydropic abortion patients diagnosed in the Pathology Department of Beijing Tsinghua Chang Gung Hospital from 2017 to 2022 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.

Characteristics of immune response profile in patients with immediate allergic and autoimmune urticarial reactions induced by SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Severe allergic reactions following SARS-COV-2 vaccination are generally rare, but the reactions are increasingly reported. Some patients may develop prolonged urticarial reactions following SARS-COV-2 vaccination. Herein, we investigated the risk factors and immune mechanisms for patients with SARS-COV-2 vaccines-induced immediate allergy and chronic urticaria (CU).

Current understanding of genetic associations with delayed hypersensitivity reactions induced by antibiotics and anti-osteoporotic drugs.

Drug-induced delayed hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) is still a clinical and healthcare burden in every country. Increasing reports of DHRs have caught our attention to explore the genetic relationship, especially life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs), including acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), drug reactions with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). In recent years, many studies have investigated the immune mechanism and genetic markers of DHRs.

Clinical application of SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection and monoclonal antibody therapies against COVID-19.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical application of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) specific antibody detection and anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in the treatment of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). The dynamic changes of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies during COVID-19 were studied. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) appeared earlier and lasted for a short time, while immunoglobulin G (IgG) appeared later and lasted longer.

Tissue eosinophilia and computed tomography features in paediatric chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps requiring revision surgery.

Background: Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is an effective and safe treatment modality for medically recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in the paediatric population, especially in older children or those with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). We aimed to elucidate the inflammatory pattern and clinical characteristics of CRSwNP related to revision surgery after ESS in a paediatric population.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 146 patients with bilateral CRSwNP.

Integrated Multiplex Sensing Clear Aligner for In Situ Monitoring of Dental Enamel Demineralization.

Clear aligners have become one of the most important tools in orthodontic treatment. However, over a lengthy period of orthodontic treatment, enamel demineralization or even dental caries could be susceptible for occurrence. Therefore, early diagnosis of enamel demineralization has been widely investigated.

Pharmacogenomics on the Treatment Response in Patients with Psoriasis: An Updated Review.

The efficacy and the safety of psoriasis medications have been proved in trials, but unideal responses and side effects are noted in clinical practice. Genetic predisposition is known to contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Hence, pharmacogenomics gives the hint of predictive treatment response individually.

Point-of-care ultrasound diagnosis of skull fracture in Chinese children 0-6 years old with scalp hematoma from minor head trauma: A preliminary prospective observational study.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that point-of-care ultrasound could help to evaluate and diagnose pediatric skull fracture for the closed scalp hematoma from blunt trauma. However, relevant data in Chinese children are missing, especially in children 0-6 years old.

Objectives: Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of point-of-care ultrasound to diagnose skull fracture in children 0-6 years old with scalp hematoma in China.

Safety and efficacy of intracoronary artery administration of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in STEMI of Lee-Sung pigs-A preclinical study for supporting the feasibility of the OmniMSC-AMI phase I clinical trial.

Background: This study tested whether early left intracoronary arterial (LAD) administration of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs, called OmniMSCs) in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) of Lee-Sung pigs induced by 90 min balloon-occluded LAD was safe and effective.

Methods And Results: Young male Lee-Sung pigs were categorized into SC (sham-operated control,  = 3), AMI-B (STEMI + buffer/21 cc/administered at 90 min after STEMI,  = 6), and AMI-M [acute myocardial infarction (AMI) + hBMMSCs/1.5 × 10/administered at 90 min after STEMI,  = 6] groups.

Identifying Residual Psychological Symptoms after Nasal Reconstruction Surgery in Patients with Empty Nose Syndrome.

Background: Empty nose syndrome (ENS) is a syndrome of paradoxical nasal obstruction that is thought to be mostly caused by inappropriate turbinate procedures. This study aimed to investigate depression- and anxiety-associated psychological symptoms in patients with ENS before and after surgical reconstruction, and to compare them with those of control subjects.

Methods: Patients with ENS were prospectively enrolled.