Large screen size transparent display using spectrum expanded light field holograms.

Holographic displays have the potential to reconstruct natural light field information, making them highly promising for applications in augmented reality (AR), head-up displays (HUD), and new types of transparent three-dimensional (3D) displays. However, current spatial light modulators (SLMs) are constrained by pixel size and resolution, limiting display size. Additionally, existing holographic displays have narrow viewing angles due to device diffraction limits, algorithms, and optical configurations.

SNR enhanced OAM mode division multiplexing with in-band noise modulation based on cascade delta-sigma modulation.

Due to mode coupling, a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is required in orbital angular momentum (OAM) modular division multiplexing (MDM) systems to improve transmission performance. In this paper, a cascade delta-sigma modulation (CDSM) scheme is proposed for OAM-MDM intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) transmission. Different from the traditional DSM (TDSM) scheme, the scheme is divided into signal modulation and in-band noise modulation, in which the in-band noise modulation is used to further decrease the quantization noise generated in the signal modulation.

Advanced EPISM approach for holographic stereogram generation utilizing neural radiance fields.

This paper presents a synthetic holographic stereogram printing approach that integrates neural radiance fields (NeRF) with the effective perspective images segmentation and mosaicking (EPISM) method. Sparse perspectives of a 3D scene are captured through random sampling and used to train a NeRF model with multi-resolution hash encoding, enabling rapid construction of an implicit scene representation. The EPISM method calculates the camera pose parameters needed for parallax images, which are rendered through the trained neural network.

Efficient 100-Gb/s wide multi-band RoF system using single-drive MZM with bias-controlled chirp parameter for 6 G indoor network.

The explosive growth of mobile data traffic and the demands of 6 G networks for ultra-high data rates and low latency necessitate advanced infrastructure solutions. One promising approach is the implementation of radio-over-fiber (RoF)-based distributed antenna systems (DAS), which can efficiently transmit radio frequency signals over optical fiber, especially in dense indoor environments. However, analog RoF systems face challenges, including noise, nonlinearities, and power fading caused by chromatic dispersion.

Tunable collective electromagnetic induced transparency-like effect due to coupling of dual-band bound states in the continuum.

The coupling between dual-band or multi-band quasi-bound states in the continuum (q-BICs) is of great interest for their rich physics and promising applications. Here, we report tunable collective electromagnetic induced transparency-like (EIT-like) phenomenon due to coupling between dual-band collective electric dipolar and magnetic quadrupolar q-BICs, which are supported by an all-dielectric metasurface composed of periodic tilted silicon quadrumers. We show that this collective EIT-like phenomenon with a strong slow light effect can be realized by varying the nanodisk diameter or the tilt angle and that the transparency window wavelength, the quality factor, and the group index can all be tuned by changing the nanodisk size.

Multispectral imaging through scattering media and around corners via spectral component separation.

Existing methods for imaging through scattering media prioritize grayscale and often falter in resolving multispectral speckles, leading to inadequate spectral recovery. We propose a method that establishes a spectral component separation model for high-quality multispectral imaging through scattering media and around corners. By leveraging the uncorrelation among speckles of different wavelengths and the superposition essence of multispectral speckles, a multispectral speckle simplex with speckles of different wavelengths as vertices is constructed.

High space-bandwidth product DMD holographic display using gradient descent optimization.

Digital micromirror devices (DMDs), owing to their rapid refresh rates and ability to shape particular optical patterns, are key tools for holographic 3D near-eye displays. However, relying on a single-sideband (SSB) filter to eliminate crosstalk from zero-order and conjugate noise leads to an enormous decrease in the utilization of spatial bandwidth product (SBP). In this paper, we develop a new strategy for the binary hologram optimization framework to enable the full utilization of SBP of DMD holographic display by minimizing conjugate noise.

Physics-driven untrained neural network for vortex beam compensation in adaptive optics aided underwater wireless optical communications.

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing is emerging as a critical technique for achieving high data capacity in underwater wireless optical communications (UWOC). Nonetheless, wavefront distortions induced by underwater turbulence compromise the orthogonality of OAM modes. In this paper, we introduce a physics-driven untrained learning approach for adaptive optics that operates independently of extensive amplitude datasets.

Ventilatory variables and computed tomography features in COVID-19 ARDS and non-COVID-19-related ARDS: a prospective observational cohort study.

Background: This study compared the ventilatory variables and computed tomography (CT) features of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) versus those of patients with pulmonary non-COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) during the early phase of ARDS.

Methods: This prospective, observational cohort study of ARDS patients in Taiwan was performed between February 2017 and June 2018 as well as between October 2020 and January 2024. Analysis was performed on clinical characteristics, including consecutive ventilatory variables during the first week after ARDS diagnosis.

Experimental study on the influencing factors and pore production law of CO huff-and-puff in tight sandstone reservoirs.

In order to determine the influence of different factors on the CO huff-and-puff displacement effect, a CO huff-and-puff experiment was carried out with Chang 6 tight sandstone samples in Ordos Basin as the research object. Combined with nuclear magnetic resonance technology, the influences of injection pressure, cycle numbers and soaking time on the CO huff-and-puff effect were evaluated, and the optimal CO huff-and-puff parameters were optimized. The microscopic degree of crude oil production in different scale pores was quantitatively characterized.

Logic-Gated DNA Intelligent Nanorobots for Cellular Lysosome Interference and Enhanced Therapeutics.

Environment-recognizing DNA nanodevices have proven promising for cellular manipulation and disease treatment, whereas how to sequentially respond to different cellular microenvironments remains a challenge. To this end, here we elaborate a logic-gated intelligent DNA nanorobot (Gi-DR) for the cascade response to inter- and intra-cellular microenvironments, thereby achieving lysosome-targeted cargo delivery for subcellular interference and tumor treatment with enhanced efficacy. Utilizing G-quadruplexes to respond to high-level K+ in cancer cell surrounding, this Gi-DR nanorobot can activate an aptamer-based transmembrane DNA machine that delivers molecular payloads to cellular lysosome.

Unlocking hexafluoroisopropanol as a practical anion-binding catalyst for living cationic polymerization.

Living cationic polymerization (LCP) is a classical technique for precision polymer synthesis; however, due to the high sensitivity of cationic active species towards chain-transfer/termination events, it is notoriously difficult to control polymerization under mild conditions, which inhibits its progress in advanced materials engineering. Here, we unlock a practical anion-binding catalytic strategy to address the historical dilemma in LCP. Our experimental and mechanistic studies demonstrate that commercially accessible hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), when used in high loading, can create higher-order HFIP aggregates to tame dormant-active species equilibrium via non-covalent anion-binding principle, in turn inducing distinctive polymerization kinetics behaviors that grant efficient chain propagation while minimizing competitive side reactions.

Multi-stage refinement network for point cloud completion based on geodesic attention.

The attention mechanism has significantly progressed in various point cloud tasks. Benefiting from its significant competence in capturing long-range dependencies, research in point cloud completion has achieved promising results. However, the typically disordered point cloud data features complicated non-Euclidean geometric structures and exhibits unpredictable behavior.

Risk of second primary malignancies among survivors of cutaneous melanoma: A nationwide population-based study in the Republic of Korea.

There is limited data on the risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs) in Asian melanoma survivors. This study aimed to identify the risk of SPMs in Asian melanoma survivors. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for overall and specific SPMs.

Experimental research on resource utilization of iron tailings powder in backfilling engineering.

The goaf formed by mining and other activities is prone to safety hazards. Preparing high-quality and low-cost solidified iron tailings powder (SITP) is an important way to ensure backfill quality and eliminate safety hazards. Using iron tailings powder near the goaf of in Shanxi, comparative experiments were conducted to evaluate the the flowability, stone rate, strength, and water stability of newly mixed SITP under different types and dosages of curing agent, and mixing methods.

A novel clinical investigation using deep learning and human-in-the-loop approach in orbital volume measurement.

Orbital volume assessment is crucial for surgical planning. Traditional methods lack efficiency and accuracy. Recent studies explore AI-driven techniques, but research on their clinical effectiveness is limited.

Microneedle-delivered adeno-associated virus vaccine amplified anti-viral immunity by improving antigen-presenting cells infection.

Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) have significant potential as vaccine carriers due to their excellent biosafety and efficient antigen gene delivery. However, most AAV vaccines show limited capacity to transduce antigen-presenting cells (APCs) following intramuscular injection which may cause inadequate cellular immune responses and undesired side effects due to transducing other tissues or cells. Herein, we developed a soluble microneedle patch for targeting the AAV vaccines to the epidermal and dermal APCs.

Association between epigenome-wide DNA methylation changes and early neurodevelopment in preschool children: Evidence from a former impoverished county in Central China.

Background: Existing epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) investigating the association between DNA methylation (DNAm) and child neurodevelopment have been predominantly conducted within Western populations, and yielded inconsistent results, leading to a significant gap within non-Western setting, particularly in resource-limited rural areas of Central China.

Objectives: To investigate the association between altered epigenome-wide DNAm and neurodevelopment in preschool children from resource-limited rural areas of Central China.

Methods: This case-control study involved 64 preschoolers.

Aging Disparities in Ostomy Surgery.

Introduction: Little is known about the association between age and fecal ostomy surgery trends over time. We aim to 1) determine the rate of fecal ostomy operations over time and 2) compare rates of colostomy formation between patients older and younger than 65 y.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective multi-institutional cohort study of patients ≥18 y who underwent colorectal resection between 2003 and 2014 using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database.

Object detection models and active learning for improvement of e-waste collection management systems in Korea.

This study identifies and analyzes issues within the management system of the waste home appliances free pickup service and seeks to enhance the system by using an object detection model. To overcome the limitations of manually inspecting approximately 5,000 collections per day, the YOLOv8 model was implemented. Photos for proof of collection, which were difficult to verify visually, were excluded from the image data.

Sleep health among sexual and gender minority people in the United States: A scoping review.

Sleep has been found to be essential to physical and mental health. Sexual and gender minority (SGM; e.g.

Health-related quality of life across menopausal stages among middle-aged Korean women.

Objectives: We examined the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during menopause transition (MT) among middle-aged Korean women.

Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 2,290 middle-aged women who completed web-based questionnaires between 2020 and 2022. Based on self-reported menstrual cycle patterns, menopause status was classified as premenopausal, early or late transition, or postmenopausal.

Radiation Dose to Occupational Dosimeters Brought on Commercial Air Travel.

Occupational radiation dosimeters that return high readings cannot always be explained by circumstances in the workplace. For this experiment, a series of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters were brought to airports to estimate the radiation dose OSLs would receive should a worker accidentally bring their dosimeter with them during travel. The OSLs returned readings between 0.

Prognostic factors in severe dengue patients: A multi-center retrospective cohort study.

Background/purpose: Early detection of severe dengue (SD) and appropriate management are crucial in reducing the case fatality rate. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of SD and identify independent risk factors associated with mortality among SD patients.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at two medical center hospitals between 2002 and 2019, involving patients aged ≧18 years with laboratory-confirmed SD.

AMH protects the ovary from doxorubicin by regulating cell fate and the response to DNA damage.

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) protects the ovarian reserve from chemotherapy, and this effect is most pronounced with Doxorubicin (DOX). However, DOX toxicity and AMH rescue mechanisms in the ovary have remained unclear. Herein, we characterize the consequences of these treatments in ovarian cell types using scRNAseq.