Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices in Cardiac Transplant Patients: A Comprehensive Review.

A fraction of patients (approximately 10%) undergoing heart transplantation require permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation due to sinus node dysfunction or atrioventricular block, occurring either shortly after surgery or later. The incidence of PPM implantation has declined to less than 5% with the introduction of bicaval anastomosis transplantation surgery. Pacing dependency during follow-up varies among recipients.

The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Slowing Cognitive Decline Among Elderly Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

This systematic review explores the impact of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on cognitive decline in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Omega-3 fatty acids are widely recognized for their neuroprotective properties, but the evidence regarding their efficacy in mitigating cognitive decline remains mixed. Through a comprehensive analysis of eleven randomized controlled trials, we aimed to assess the role of DHA in improving cognitive functions and slowing brain atrophy.

Safety and efficacy of sertraline in depression among adults undergoing dialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Depression is prevalent among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing dialysis, with significant implications for their quality of life and treatment compliance. Traditional treatments for depression, including various therapies and pharmacological interventions, have limitations due to their adverse effects. Sertraline, a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI), offers a promising alternative, but its efficacy and safety in this population require thorough evaluation.

Dietary Interventions in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes, Microbiota Changes, and Inflammatory Markers.

This systematic review synthesizes findings from 12 studies to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary interventions in managing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with a focus on low-FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) diets, probiotics, and prebiotics. The review rigorously follows the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and includes studies selected through comprehensive database searches. In adults diagnosed with IBS, this review assesses how effective dietary interventions, specifically low-FODMAP diets, probiotics, and prebiotics, are compared to standard management or placebo in improving clinical outcomes, modifying gut microbiota composition, and reducing inflammatory markers.

Evaluation of lead exposure effects on tissue accumulation, behavior, morphological and hemato-biochemical changes in common carp, Cyprinus carpio.

Background: Heavy metal pollution, particularly lead (Pb), poses a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems and their inhabitants, threatening their delicate balance and long-term viability. This study highlights the urgent need to mitigate heavy metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems.

Objective: This study investigates Pb(NO) exposure effects on tissue accumulation, behavioral abnormalities, and hemato-biochemical parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio), a widely distributed freshwater fish species.

The Impact of Hypertension on Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer's Disease and Its Management: A Systematic Review.

Hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, has also been linked to cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This systematic review synthesizes the current evidence on how managing hypertension may influence cognitive health, particularly among elderly populations and those with cognitive impairments. By analyzing data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), clinical trials, and cross-sectional studies, we evaluated the efficacy of various interventions, including pharmacological treatments, lifestyle modifications, and multidomain approaches that address blood pressure (BP) variability and intensive versus standard blood pressure control.

Outcomes of graft angiography with distal radial access: a retrospective cohort study.

This retrospective cohort study aimed to compare the outcomes of graft angiography using these two approaches. Medical records and angiographic data of adult patients who underwent graft angiography between January 2020 and December 2022 were analyzed. The study included 452 patients in the distal radial access (DRA) group and 960 patients in the femoral access group.

Determination of the Frequency of Celiac Disease in Patients Presenting With Chronic Diarrhea.

Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting mainly the digestive system and accounts for more than 50% of adult cases presenting to the gastrointestinal clinic with chronic diarrhea. Therefore, in our study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of CD in patients presenting with chronic diarrhea at the gastroenterology outpatient department of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 9, 2021, to June 8, 2022, and included 140 patients aged 18 to 50 years with chronic diarrhea.

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis as an initial manifestation of sarcoidosis: A rare case and its management.

Key Clinical Message: Sarcoidosis-induced LETM represents a rare but life-threatening neurological manifestation of sarcoidosis, characterized by spinal cord inflammation, and associated neurological deficits. Sarcoidosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of LETM, particularly in patients with no lung involvement. Prompt recognition and management are obligatory to optimize outcomes and prevent long-term disability.

Comparative Profiles of the WATCHMAN™ and Amplatzer™ Cardiac Plug/Amplatzer™ Amulet™ Devices for Left Atrial Appendage Closure in Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia marked by irregular and frequent tachycardic rhythms in the atria, affecting 1%-2% of the general population. The WATCHMAN™ device from Boston Scientific (Marlborough, MA, USA) and the Amplatzer™ Amulet™ device from Abbott (Chicago, IL, USA) are two devices used globally for left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in non-valvular AF. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Elsevier's ScienceDirect literature databases to identify studies comparing the WATCHMAN™ procedure with Amulet™ device implantation for LAAC in patients with AF.

Comparative efficacy of metformin combined with cabergoline versus metformin alone in patients with PCOS and hyperprolactinemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Unlabelled: Isntroduction. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine-gynecological condition affecting a substantial number of women during their reproductive years. Metformin (MET) has been shown to improve ovarian function in PCOS-related conditions, while cabergoline is recognized for its powerful and sustained ability to reduce prolactin levels.

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection in the Setting of Marijuana: A Case Report.

This case report presents a detailed examination of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) in a 61-year-old Middle Eastern male with a history of marijuana use and essential hypertension. The patient's emergency presentation with loss of consciousness and subsequent diagnostics - including elevated troponins and distinctive electrocardiogram changes - led to the identification of extensive SCAD affecting multiple coronary arteries. The association between marijuana use and cardiovascular pathology is focal in this study, particularly considering the patient's positive test for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and significant smoking history.

The Potential of Fecal and Urinary Biomarkers for Early Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal cancer often diagnosed at advanced stages, highlighting the urgent need for early detection strategies. This systematic review explores the potential of fecal and urinary biomarkers for early PDAC detection. A comprehensive search identified eight relevant studies investigating various biomarkers, including proteins, metabolites, microbial profiles, DNA mutations, and non-coding RNAs.

Metabolic Syndrome Frequency in Type 2 Diabetics Using International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Criteria Analysis.

Background The cluster of metabolic abnormalities known as metabolic syndrome has a significant association with the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence rate of metabolic syndrome among a group of patients diagnosed with T2DM, according to the standards set by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Chandka Medical College, Larkana, Pakistan, from June 2019 to 2020.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Antioxidant Therapy in Enhancing the Quality of Life of Chronic Pancreatitis Patients: A Systematic Review.

Chronic pancreatitis (CP), an inflammatory disease characterized by irreversible pancreatic changes and progressive fibrosis, significantly impairs patients' quality of life. This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy of antioxidant therapy in enhancing the quality of life of CP patients. Focusing on the role of oxidative stress in CP pathogenesis, we explored several databases for studies evaluating the impact of antioxidant supplementation.