Quercetin alleviates ulcerative colitis through inhibiting CXCL8-CXCR1/2 axis: a network and transcriptome analysis.

Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the intestinal tract in which mucosal healing is a crucial measure of therapeutic efficacy. Quercetin, a flavonoid prevalent in various foods and traditional Chinese medicines, exhibits notable pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Consequently, it warrants investigation to determine its potential therapeutic effects on UC.

Ultrasound-guided internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve block on postoperative sore throat: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Ultrasound-guided internal branch of the upper laryngeal nerve block (USG-guided iSLN block) have been used to decrease the perioperative stress response of intubation. It is more likely to be successful than blindly administered superior laryngeal nerve blocks with fewer complications. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of USG-guided iSLN block to treat postoperative sore throat (postoperative sore throat, POST) after extubation.

Muscone reduced the hypnotic and analgesic effect of ketamine in mice.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different concentrations of muscone on the ketamine requirement for hypnosis and analgesia and possible mechanism in mice.

Methods: In the hypnotic response experiment, muscone (0.5, 1.

Sevoflurane Protects against Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Activating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma/Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway in Rats.

Background: Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a clinical challenge with high morbidity and mortality, whereas the effective therapeutic strategy is limited. Inflammatory reaction plays important roles in I/R-induced intestinal damage and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) has been identified as an endogenous anti-inflammatory regulator by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation.

Detection of Sentinel Lymph Nodes with Near-Infrared Imaging in Malignancies.

Optical molecular imaging, a highly sensitive and noninvasive technique which is simple to operate, inexpensive, and has the real-time capability, is increasingly being used in the diagnosis and treatment of carcinomas. The near-infrared fluorescence dye indocyanine green (ICG) is widely used in optical imaging for the dynamic detection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in real time improving the detection rate and accuracy. ICG has the advantages of low scattering in tissue absorbance, low auto-fluorescence, and high signal-to-background ratio.

Ligustrazine Enhances the Hypnotic and Analgesic Effect of Ketamine in Mice.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different concentrations of ligustrazine, an extract from Chinese herb, on ketamine requirement for hypnosis and analgesia in mice. In the hypnotic response study, mice were randomly allocated to receive saline or ligustrazine at 10, 20, 40, 80 or 160 mg·kg by intraperitoneal injection. Ketamine was administrated 15 min after ligustrazine injection.

Influence of sevoflurane exposure on mitogen-activated protein kinases and Akt/GSK-3β/CRMP-2 signaling pathways in the developing rat brain.

Prolonged exposure to volatile anesthetics causes neurodegeneration in developing animal brains. However, their underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. The current study investigated the expression of proteins associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and protein kinase B (Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)/collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP-2) signaling pathways in the cortices of neonatal mice following exposure to sevoflurane.

Calpain and JNK pathways participate in isoflurane - induced nucleus translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor in the brain of neonatal rats.

Recent studies have demonstrated that volatile anesthetic causes caspase-dependent neuroapoptosis and persistent cognitive deficits in young animals. Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) can trigger apoptosis by caspase-independent pathway. Whether isoflurane induces neuroapoptosis by activation of AIF and its possible mechanism are underdetermined.

Sevoflurane Preconditioning Reduces Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Role of Protein Kinase C and Mitochondrial ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel.

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has been considered to be a potential therapy to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) since the 1980s. Our previous study indicated that sevoflurane preconditioning (SPC) also reduced intestinal IRI in rats. However, whether the protective effect of SPC is similar to IPC and the mechanisms of SPC are unclear.

Sevoflurane protects against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury partly by phosphatidylinositol 3 kinases/Akt pathway in rats.

Background: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a clinical challenge with high morbidity and mortality, leading to intestine damage, systemic inflammation, and multiorgan failure. Previous research has shown that the inhaled anesthetic sevoflurane protects various organs from IRI. However, whether sevoflurane protects against intestinal IRI and which application condition is the most effective are not completely clear.

Both JNK and P38 MAPK pathways participate in the protection by dexmedetomidine against isoflurane-induced neuroapoptosis in the hippocampus of neonatal rats.

Dexmedetomidine, a highly selective α2-adrenergic agonist, has been reported to attenuate isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment and neuroapoptosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was involved in dexmedetomidine-induced neuroprotection against isoflurane effects.

Dexmedetomidine reduces isoflurane-induced neuroapoptosis partly by preserving PI3K/Akt pathway in the hippocampus of neonatal rats.

Prolonged exposure to volatile anesthetics, such as isoflurane and sevoflurane, causes neurodegeneration in the developing animal brains. Recent studies showed that dexmedetomidine, a selective α2-adrenergic agonist, reduced isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment and neuroapoptosis. However, the mechanisms for the effect are not completely clear.