Comparative study of surgical outcomes of twin-site phacotrabeculectomy with mitomycin C in primary open-angle glaucoma versus primary angle-closure glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare the surgical outcomes of twin-site phacotrabeculectomy with Mitomycin C (MMC) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) versus primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).

Methods: Prospective, comparative, observational study. Patients with visually significant cataract and primary glaucoma were divided into two groups: POAG and PACG.

Comparing Three Models of Community-Based Diabetic Retinopathy Screening, Treatment, and Awareness Creation Services in Southern India / South Kerala.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of three models of diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening from an economic perspective and their effectiveness in awareness creation, screening, and ability to deliver treatment.

Materials And Methods: Analysis of a prospective screening program for diabetes mellitus and DR in South Kerala was done. Three models were created: Model 1: blood screening camp, Model 2: comprehensive eye camp, and Model 3: institution-based screening camp.

Rapid Onset Neovascular Glaucoma due to COVID-19-related Retinopathy.

Aim: To present a case of rapid onset on neovascular glaucoma following the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Background: COVID-19 has various ocular manifestations such as conjunctivitis, uveitis, retinal vasculitis, and so on. However, to date, the development of neovascular glaucoma has not been reported in COVID-19.

Innovator Versus Biosimilar Ranibizumab in Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy: Real-World Evidence.

Introduction: To analyze the efficacy and safety profile of the intravitreal ranibizumab biosimilar molecule, Razumab (Intas Pharmaceuticals, Ahmedabad, India; BRm; Razumab) and the innovator ranibizumab drug (IRm; LUCENTIS) in Indian patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) under real-world conditions.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of treatment-naïve and previously treated PCV eyes undergoing intravitreal therapy with either BRm or IRm from January 2019 to September 2020 as three loading doses followed by a pro-re-nata (PRN) regimen. Changes in the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), subretinal fluid (SRF), intraretinal fluid (IRF), SRF height, and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and the safety profiles were assessed at weeks 12, 24, and 52, respectively.

Long term outcome of adjuvant photodynamic therapy after cyberknife radiotherapy for choroidal melanoma.

Purpose: To report the outcome of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for choroidal melanoma as adjuvant treatment with CyberKnife radiotherapy.

Design: Retrospective interventional case series.

Methods: Standard-fluence PDT using verteporfin.

Idiopathic lenticular surface neovascularization: An unusual presentation.

Purpose: To present a case of posterior lenticular surface neovascularization in the absence of any ocular or systemic pathology.

Observations: A 29-year-old asymptomatic male was detected with the right eye (OD) posterior lenticular surface neovascularization extending for six-clock hours in the temporal portion along with the presence of mild posterior capsular haze. His best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in OD and 20/20 in the left eye (OS).

Progression of Subclinical Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy to an Active Neovascularization in the Presence of Acquired Vitelliform Lesions.

We describe a unique case of bilateral acquired vitelliform lesions in a 67-year-old-female with pachychoroid associated with subretinal fluid in the right eye (OD) and a nonexudative choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) in the left eye (OS). Multimodal imaging performed at baseline and over the ensuing two years showed an increase in the OS vitelliform lesions with a concurrent transformation of quiescent CNVM to an exudative form. Further studies are warranted to gain better insight into the etiopathogenesis of these vitelliform lesions in pachychoroid and their potential role in instigating CNVM activation.

De-novo multilayering in fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachment.

This study describes the occurrence of multilayered pigment-epithelial detachment (MLPED) as a De-novo phenomenon (DN-MLPED) and compare the features with multi-layering secondary to chronic anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy (s-MLPED). We did a retrospective evaluation of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) features, treatment-profile, and visual-acuity (VA) outcomes in eyes with MLPED. Out of 17 eyes with MLPED, 7 eyes had DN-MLPED and 10 eyes had s-MLPED.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on income and opportunities of ophthalmologists in India: Ophthalmologists' Workplace Expectations and Satisfaction Survey (OWESS) Report 1.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the income and surgical training opportunities among the ophthalmologists in India and their opinion on salary reduction during this period.

Methods: A questionnaire in the form of a Google survey was sent to ophthalmologists across India on May 1, 2021. The data collected until May 11, 2021 was analyzed.

Intraretinal Cysts in Macular Hole: A Structure-Function Correlation Based on En Face Imaging.

Purpose: To characterize retinal micromorphic changes on en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to determine their role in pathogenesis and visual outcomes in macular hole (MH) surgery.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series of 28 eyes undergoing successful MH surgery. Pre- and post-operative en face OCT were manually segmented, and the correlation between parameters such as MH basal diameter and minimal inlet area, area of cyst in inner plexiform layer (IPL) and outer plexiform layer (OPL), percentage of cyst in IPL and OPL, and amount of ellipsoid zone (EZ) defect and external limiting membrane (ELM) defect was performed.

Retinal vasospastic phenomenon in a known case of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Retinal vasospasm was visualized in a young female; a known case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) retinopathy with unaffected vision. The fundus fluorescein angiogram showed a cyclical filling and emptying of the retinal vessels which was suggestive of vasospasm and a retinal Raynaud's-like phenomenon with no obvious perfusion deficit. There was retinal thinning involving the superficial layers that was seen on optical coherence tomography (OCT), capillary fill voids on OCT angiography, and retinal surface undulations seen on multicolor imaging.

External limiting membrane angle as a composite predictive index for post-operative ELM closure in full thickness macular holes.

Aim: To evaluate pre-operative qualitative and quantitative parameters of external limiting membranes (ELM) and other associated full thickness macular holes (FTMH) features and their predictive values for post-operative anatomical and functional outcomes.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 48 eyes that underwent vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for FTMH and had type 1 closure. All subjects underwent optical coherence tomography (SDOCT, Heidelberg, Spectralis), and the eyes were divided into complete ELM closure (CEC) and incomplete ELM closure (IEC) groups based on the post-operative OCTs within 2 months, and ROC curves were used to estimate which of the pre-operative parameters could best predict eyes falling in the CEC group.

Short-term Efficacy and Safety of Topical β-Blockers (Timolol Maleate Ophthalmic Solution, 0.5%) in Acute Migraine: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

Importance: Oral β-blockers used for the prevention of migraine headache are not effective for the treatment of acute pain. Small case series have suggested that topically applied β-blockers may be useful in the management of acute migraine pain, warranting evaluation with randomized clinical trials.

Objective: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of topically applied timolol maleate ophthalmic solution, 0.

Multicolor imaging in macular telangiectasia-a comparison with fundus autofluorescence.

Purpose: To describe various clinical features of idiopathic juxtafoveal retinal telangiectasis group 2A or idiopathic macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel) on multicolor imaging (MCI) and compare imaging findings of MacTel on MCI with fundus autofluorescence (FAF).

Methods: Patients with a clinical diagnosis of MacTel based on Gass and Blodi's classification were included. FAF and MCI images were graded qualitatively for stage of disease, margins of involvement, hyperautofluorescence on FAF (corresponding retinal atrophy on MCI), and detection of crystals.

Macular morphometrics in foveal displacement following full thickness macular hole surgery.

Purpose: To investigate if the ratio of the preoperative nasal and temporal "arms" of the macular hole (MH) can have a predictive value in the magnitude of foveal displacement postoperatively.

Methods: This is retrospective interventional case series of eyes of 40 patients with full-thickness macular hole (FTMH), which underwent vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and had Type 1 closure.All subjects underwent pre and postoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT, Heidelberg, Spectralis, Germany).

Plume Sign in the Deturgescence of Macular Cysts - A Novel OCT Finding.

Aim: To describe a novel OCT finding called "Plume sign" in macular cysts.

Methods: Case records of five cases were retrospectively reviewed. Their case history and imaging findings on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT, Spectralis, Heidelberg, Germany) have been described.

Multicolor imaging in central serous chorioretinopathy - a quantitative and qualitative comparison with fundus autofluorescence.

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is characterised by choroidal hyperpermeability which results in neurosensory detachments (NSD) along with numerous retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) alterations such as RPE atrophy. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) demonstrates the functionality of the RPE while multicolor imaging(MCI), by means of its three incident wavelengths, provides insight into clinical changes at various levels of the retina and choroid in CSCR. This study compares various clinical findings in CSCR (NSD, subretinal deposits, RPE atrophy, pigment epithelial detachments (PED) and pachyvessels) on the above mentioned imaging modalities both qualitatively and quantitatively.