Comparative genomics and evolutionary analysis of dengue virus strains circulating in Pakistan.

Dengue fever virus (DENV) poses a significant public health risk in tropical and subtropical regions across the world. Although the dengue fever virus (DENV) exhibits significant genetic diversity and has the potential to evolve, there is a lack of comprehensive research on the comparative genomics and evolutionary dynamics of the virus in Pakistan. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the circulation of all four dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1, - 2, - 3, and - 4) with prevalent genotypes III and V within DENV-1, cosmopolitan genotype within DENV-2, genotype III within DENV-3, and genotype I within DENV-4 during 2006-2014.

Role of coronary arteries in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Objective: To assess the role of coronary arteries in acute coronary syndrome patients who have survived sudden cardiac arrest.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Cardiology at Chaudhary Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan from 1 May 2021 to 1 October 2021. A total of 203 patients who were diagnosed with sudden cardiac arrest were included as subjects of the study.

Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Development of Atrial Fibrillation (AFIB) and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF).

Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has been associated with the development of many cardiovascular abnormalities, of which the development of atrial fibrillation (AFIB) in this group of patients is not an uncommon finding. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the role of EAT in the development of AFIB. It involves cardiac remodeling owing to the underlying fatty infiltration and the subsequent inflammation and fibrosis.

Comparison of Redo percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty for mitral restenosis with first procedure for de novo mitral stenosis.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the effects of redo percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty with initial percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) in mitral restenosis (MR) and de novo mitral stenosis (MS) patients, respectively.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the cardiology department of Ch. Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology Multan for the period of one year from 6 July 2020 to 6 July 2021.

Effect of pre-operative administration of single-dose of gabapentin on postop surgical pain in patients undergoing sternotomy for CABG.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of perioperative administration of a single dose of gabapentin on postoperative pain in patients undergoing sternotomy for CABG.

Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the cardiology ward of Ch. Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan, form 9 June 2020to 9 June 2021.

Littré's Hernia: A Rare Intraoperative Finding.

Littré's hernia (LH) is a rare clinical entity defined by the presence of Meckel's diverticulum (MD) within a hernial sac. Although MD is the most common congenital abnormality of the intestinal tract, most of its cases remain asymptomatic. It may, however, manifest itself in the form of multiple complications.

Prevalence of Acute Coronary Syndrome and Various Risk Factors in Acute Stroke Patients.

Background Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Both diseases share many risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and smoking. Patients who experience acute coronary syndrome are at heightened risk of recurrent ischemic events such as ischemic strokes, one of the most feared cardiovascular events because of the risk of long-term disability.

Prognostic Value of Hyperglycemia on Admission on In-hospital Outcomes in Patients Presenting with ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with acute coronary syndrome, and elevated blood glucose levels on hospital admission may influence outcomes in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). We conducted this study to determine the prognostic outcome of hyperglycemia at admission on in-hospital outcomes of STEMI patients with and without T2DM. Methods This prospective study was conducted from June 13, 2018, to October 12, 2019, and included patients older than 18 years diagnosed with STEMI.

On pump harvesting of Left Internal Mammary Artery (LIMA) in unstable patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a safe operative strategy: A pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical safety of left internal mammary artery (LIMA) harvesting in hemodynamically unstable patients after establishing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted at Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan, Pakistan, from December 2016 to August 2018. All patients undergoing isolated CABG surgery in which LIMA conduit was harvested after establishing cardiopulmonary bypass because of hemodynamic instability at induction of anaesthesia or during surgery were included in the study.

Frequency of aspirin non responsiveness in patients of ischemic heart disease.

Aspirin is widely used as an antiplatelet agent . Many patients have been noticed with recurrence of major ischemic events in- spite of antiplatelet therapy. The objective of this study was to determine frequency of aspirin non-responsiveness /resistance in patients of ischemic heart disease.

Surgical Repair of post-infarction ventricular septal rupture: Determinants of operative mortality and survival outcome analysis.

Background And Objective: Ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is one of the fatal complications of myocardial infarction (MI). Surgery provides the maximum survival benefit. Our objective was to investigate the risk factors of surgical mortality and to do the survival analysis in the past six years at our hospital.

Upper gastrointestinal tract symptoms are predictors of postoperative large pericardial effusion in cardiac surgery.

In this prospective observational study we evaluated the clinical symptoms in patients who presented with early or late significant pericardial effusion after cardiac surgery and underwent its open drainage in our institution. It was a series of 35 patients where the clinical symptoms and lab investigations were recorded. There were 21 male and 14 female (3:2).

Comparison of effectiveness and cost of patent ductus arteriosus device occlusion versus surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus.

Objectives: Comparison of effectiveness and cost of transcatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with surgical ligation of PDA.

Methods: This retrospective comparative study was conducted in the pediatric cardiology department of Ch. Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology Multan, Pakistan.

Early outcomes of on-pump versus off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

Objectives: To see the early post-operative outcomes of off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Methods: This retrospective analytical study was conducted at Ch. Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology Multan, Pakistan.

Comparison of Effects of Propofol and Isosorbide Dinitrate during Rewarming on Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Objectives: Comparison of effects of propofol and isosorbide dinitrate during rewarming on cardiopulmonary bypass in patients undergoing coronary artery bypasses grafting.

Methods: It was randomized prospective clinical trial. One hundred and twenty patient (120) undergoing CABG surgery were included in this study.

New modification of modified bentall procedure (A single centre experience).

Background And Objectives: Modified Bentall procedure has become a gold standard in the treatment of combined aortic root and aortic valve diseases. Bleeding is an important predictor of morbidity and mortality after the Bentall operation. Our objective was to evaluate the early outcomes of Modified Button-Bentall procedure with cuff technique for aortic root replacement surgery regarding hemostasis.

Early outcome of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in patients with significant Left Main Stem stenosis at a tertiary cardiac care center.

Objective: Primary objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of significant left main stem (LMS) stenosis on the early outcome of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Methods: A Retrospective non-randomized analytical study was conducted in Cardiac surgery department, Chaudhary Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology (CPEIC) Multan, Pakistan. The data of patients who underwent isolated CABG at our institution from February 2008 to March 2014 were analyzed.

Clinical outcomes of intermittent antegrade warm versus cold blood cardioplegia.

Objective: To compare clinical outcome in patients undergoing conventional coronary artery bypass graft surgery who received intermittent antegrade warm blood cardioplegia or intermittent antegrade cold blood cardioplegia for myocardial protection.

Methods: The observational, prospective non-randomised analytical comparative study was conducted at the Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, and Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan, from September 2012 to October 2013, and comprised patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. They were divided into two groups, with Group I having those who received intermittent antegrade warm blood cardioplegia, and Group II having those who received intermittent antegrade cold blood cardioplegia.

Remote ischemic preconditioning is a safe adjuvant technique to myocardial protection but adds no clinical benefit after on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: To evaluate the impact of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) on clinical outcome, biological markers of myocardial injury, and its safety in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Material And Methods: This study was conducted at Ch. Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology (CPEIC) in Multan.