Effectiveness of Leisure-Focused Occupational Therapy Interventions in Middle-Aged and Older People with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review aimed to evaluate and synthesize scientific evidence on occupational therapy (OT) interventions focused on leisure activities to improve activities of daily living (ADLs) and cognitive function in middle-aged and older people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A systematic review was carried out following the guidelines established by the PRISMA statement. The study was registered in the PROSPERO database.

Adapted Taekwondo Improves Postural Balance and Health-Related Quality of Life Concerning Multicomponent Training and Walking Exercise in Older Females: A Randomized Controlled Trial (TKD and Aging Project).

This study aimed to assess and compare the effects of an adapted taekwondo (TKD) program, multicomponent training (MCT), walking exercise (WE), and inactive control group (CG) on blood pressure, morphological variables, frequency of food consumption, cognitive status, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical fitness tests, and postural balance in independent older females. A randomized controlled trial study was conducted with the following groups: TKD (n = 13), MCT (n = 12), WE (n = 12), and CG (n = 14), considering three/weekly 60-min/sessions for 16-weeks. A two-factor mixed analysis of the variance model with repeated measures was performed.

Psychosocial Impact of Quarantines: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

: Quarantine is one of the most effective strategies to control outbreaks of communicable diseases. Individuals under isolation or quarantine experience both physical and mental effects. Therefore, given its widespread implementation around the world, it is pertinent to analyze this effect on physical and mental health.

Exploring ageism and elderly care in dentistry: A comprehensive scoping review.

Objectives: This scoping review aims to investigate the perceptions of dental professionals regarding aging and geriatric dentistry, as well as to identify studies focused on ageism in dental care.

Data: The review followed guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR. A systematic search was conducted in the databases, covering the period from 2019 to 2024.

Resilience, Mental Health, Sleep, and Smoking Mediate Pathways Between Lifetime Stressors and Multiple Sclerosis Severity.

Introduction: Lifetime stressors (e.g., poverty, violence, discrimination) have been linked to features of multiple sclerosis (MS); yet mechanistic pathways and relationships with cumulative disease severity remain nebulous.

Jatoba ( L.) Pod Residue: A Source of Phenolic Compounds as Valuable Biomolecules.

This study aimed at investigating the chemical composition and a selected group of bioactivities of jatoba ( L.) pod residue. An aqueous extract (deionized water; AE) and a hydroethanolic extract (ethanol: deionized water, 70:30 /; ETOH) were obtained via maceration.

Elastic Band Training Versus Multicomponent Training and Group-Based Dance on Morphological Variables and Physical Performance in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the effects of elastic band training (EBT) versus multicomponent training (MCT) and group-based dance (GBD) on waist circumference, body composition (body fat percentage and fat-free mass), and physical performance (handgrip strength, HGS; 30-s chair stand; timed up-and-go, TUG) in Chilean older women.

Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial with three parallel groups: EBT ( 10), MCT ( 10), and GBD ( 10). Two 60-min sessions per week for 8 weeks were dedicated to the interventions with pre- and post-assessments.

Effects of 12 and 24 Weeks of Interdisciplinary Interventions on Health-Related Physical Fitness, Biochemical Markers, and Level of Food Processing in Overweight or Obese Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: The aim was to investigate the effects of 12 and 24 weeks of interdisciplinary interventions on health-related physical fitness, biochemical markers, and food processing levels in overweight or obese adolescents.

Methods: Thirty-one adolescents completed 24 weeks of nutritional, psychoeducational, and physical activity interventions in addition to assessments and tests carried out before, at 12 weeks, and after 24 weeks.

Results: There were increases in lean mass ( = 0.

Parental Stress in Autistic Children with Poor Oral Hygiene: A Pilot Study to Develop and Validate a Measurement Scale.

Research indicates that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit a deficiency in skills and initiative when it comes to adhering to daily oral hygiene routines. This, in turn, increases the likelihood of oral pathologies, thereby placing a significant emotional strain on their parents. In addition to the typical stress they already experience, parents of children with ASD are also burdened with pediatric oral health issues.

Efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with Merkel Cell Carcinoma: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer characterized by high rates of metastasis. Emerging evidence suggests that PD-L1/PD1 blockade holds promise as a therapeutic option for MCC. However, the efficacy and safety of this approach in treating MCC remain incompletely understood.

Impact of Multi-Professional Intervention on Health-Related Physical Fitness and Biomarkers in Overweight COVID-19 Survivors for 8 and 16 Weeks: A Non-Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background/objectives: Considering the diverse symptomatology of COVID-19-ranging from mild to severe cases-multi-professional interventions are crucial for enhancing physical recovery, nutritional status, and mental health outcomes in affected patients. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of such an intervention on health-related physical fitness and biomarkers in overweight COVID-19 survivors with varying degrees of symptom severity after 8 weeks and 16 weeks.

Methods: This non-randomized clinical trial included 59 overweight COVID-19 survivors (32 males and 27 females) divided into three groups: mild ( 31), moderate ( 13), and severe/critical ( 15).

Health-Related Physical Fitness and Biochemical Parameters in Overweight Older People during Social Isolation Imposed by the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal and Observational Study.

With COVID-19, evidence indicates that the elderly will have worse biochemical markers related to health in social isolation. The objective was to analyze the impacts on physical fitness and biochemical parameters of older adults' health during COVID-19 social isolation. Quantitative, longitudinal, and observational study was conducted between 2020, 2021, and 2022.

Xbox Kinect Sports vs. Nintendo Switch Sports and Their Effects on Body Composition and Physical Performance in Older Females: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

: This study aimed to compare the effects of Xbox Kinect Sports (XKS) regarding Nintendo Switch Sports (NSS) and an inactive control group (CG) on body composition (body fat percentage, BFP; and fat-free mass) and physical performance (maximal isometric handgrip strength, MIHS; 30-s chair stand, 30-S; timed up-and-go, TUG; sit-and-reach; and 2-min step) in physically inactive older females. A randomized controlled trial study was conducted with three parallel groups: XKS (n = 13), NSS (n = 14), and CG (n = 16) considering three weekly 60-min sessions for 12 weeks with pre- and post-assessments. A two-factor mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) model with repeated measures was performed to measure the time × group effect.

Omitting axillary lymph node dissection is associated with an increased risk of regional recurrence in early stage breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a global problem, however, despite ALND is considered the standard treatment for early stage BC with node-positive, there is no sufficient data to determine which of these patients should undergo it. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to clarify if there is any difference between NALND and ALND in terms of safety and prognosis of the patients.

Methods: A shearch was carried in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases for studies that compared NALND and ALND.

Dental Hygiene Challenges in Children with Autism: Correlation with Parental Stress: A Scoping Review.

Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders are shown to have poor periodontal health and dental hygiene habits. Extensive research has revealed that parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently encounter heightened levels of stress, despair, and anxiety in comparison to parents of neurotypical children. The aim was to understand the relationship between the dental hygiene of children with ASD and the stress generated in their parents.

Effectiveness of Virtual Reality in Occupational Therapy for Post-Stroke Adults: A Systematic Review.

In recent years, there has been a growing use of technological advancements to enhance the rehabilitation of individuals who have suffered from cerebrovascular accidents. Virtual reality rehabilitation programs enable patients to engage in a customized therapy program while interacting with a computer-generated environment. Therefore, our goal was to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality in occupational therapy for people's rehabilitation after a cerebrovascular accident.

Effects of elastic band training on body composition and physical performance in older people: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objectives: This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of elastic band training (EBT) on body composition and physical performance in apparently healthy older people.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted between October 2023 and May 2024 using the core collection of six generic databases: PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, and Web of Science. The PRISMA, TESTEX, RoB 2, and GRADE tools assessed the evidence's methodological quality and certainty.

Production of exopolysaccharide from Klebsiella oxytoca: Rheological, emulsifying, biotechnological properties, and bioremediation applications.

Bacteria can synthesize a broad spectrum of multifunctional polysaccharides including extracellular polysaccharides (EPS). Bacterial EPS can be utilized in the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical areas owing to their physical and rheological properties in addition to generally presenting low toxicity. From an ecological viewpoint, EPS are biodegradable and environment compatible, offering several advantages over synthetic compounds.

Comparison between Measured and Predicted Resting Metabolic Rate Equations in Cross-Training Practitioners.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to investigate the resting metabolic rate (RMR) in cross-training practitioners (advanced and novice) using indirect calorimetry (IC) and compare it with predictive equations proposed in the scientific literature.

Methods: A cross-sectional and comparative study analyzed 65 volunteers, both sexes, practicing cross-training (CT). Anthropometry and body composition were assessed, and RMR was measured by IC (FitMate PRO), bioimpedance (BIA-InBody 570), and six predictive equations.

Effects of active exergames on physical performance in older people: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: This overview assessed the available body of published peer-reviewed systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to the effects of active exergames compared with active/passive control on physical performance outcomes in older people. The methodological quality and certainty of evidence were assessed using PRISMA, AMSTAR 2, and GRADE. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42023391694).

Reasons for conversions in thoracoscopic repairs of neonatal congenital diaphragmatic hernias: a systematic review.

Purpose: This systematic review focused on reasons for conversions in neonates undergoing thoracoscopic congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) repair.

Methods: Systematic search of Medline/Pubmed and Embase was performed for English, Spanish and Portuguese reports, according to PRISMA guidelines.

Results: Of the 153 articles identified (2003-2023), 28 met the inclusion criteria and offered 698 neonates for analysis.

Obesity as a Risk Factor for Complications and Mortality in Individuals with SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review aimed to analyze the available studies that identified overweight and/or obesity as a risk factor for mortality, use of respiratory support, and changes in biochemical markers in adults hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched using PRISMA guidelines until January 2024. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (code: CRD42024501551).

Resilience, mental health, sleep, and smoking mediate pathways between lifetime stressors and Multiple Sclerosis severity.

Intro: Lifetime stressors (e.g., poverty, violence, discrimination) have been linked to Multiple Sclerosis (MS) features; yet mechanistic pathways and relationships with cumulative disease severity remain nebulous.