Noninfectious Uveitis in Pediatric Rheumatology: Long-term Follow-up at Tertiary Centers.

Objectives: Our study aimed to identify potential predictors for additional systemic involvement in patients with noninfectious uveitis, specifically focusing on their demographic, etiological, clinical, and laboratory data features from the pediatric rheumatology perspective.

Methods: Patients with noninfectious uveitis before the age of 18 years and followed up for at least 3 months in 2 tertiary centers of pediatric rheumatology and ophthalmology departments were included in the study. Demographics, etiology, clinical features, laboratory data, and treatments administered were evaluated and compared based on the etiology (idiopathic and systemic disease-related uveitis [SD-U]) and the use of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.

GPT-3.5 Turbo and GPT-4 Turbo in Title and Abstract Screening for Systematic Reviews.

This study demonstrated that while GPT-4 Turbo had superior specificity when compared to GPT-3.5 Turbo (0.98 vs 0.

Type A Aortic Dissection Following Abdominal Solid Organ Transplantation: Population-Level Outcomes in the United States.

Background: This study aims to analyze the patient characteristics, clinical outcomes, and contemporary trends concerning type A aortic dissection (TAAD) in previous recipients of abdominal solid organ transplantation (ASOT) in the United States.

Methods: The National Inpatient Sample was queried to identify all patients aged ≥18 with TAAD and a history of ASOT (TAAD-ASOT) between 2002 and 2015Q3 using ICD-9 diagnosis and procedure codes. Baseline characteristics and in-hospital outcomes were compared between TAAD-ASOT patients and TAAD patients without a history of ASOT (TAAD-non-ASOT).

Digital Assessment of Cognitive Health in Outpatient Primary Care: Usability Study.

Background: Screening for cognitive impairment in primary care is important, yet primary care physicians (PCPs) report conducting routine cognitive assessments for less than half of patients older than 60 years of age. Linus Health's Core Cognitive Evaluation (CCE), a tablet-based digital cognitive assessment, has been used for the detection of cognitive impairment, but its application in primary care is not yet studied.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the integration of CCE implementation in a primary care setting.

Exploring the Views of Young People, Including Those With a History of Self-Harm, on the Use of Their Routinely Generated Data for Mental Health Research: Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background: Secondary use of routinely collected health care data has great potential benefits in epidemiological studies primarily due to the large scale of preexisting data.

Objective: This study aimed to engage respondents with and without a history of self-harm, gain insight into their views on the use of their data for research, and determine whether there were any differences in opinions between the 2 groups.

Methods: We examined young people's views on the use of their routinely collected data for mental health research through a web-based survey, evaluating any differences between those with and without a history of self-harm.

Clinical phenotypes and outcomes associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in critically ill patients: a retrospective multicentre cohort study in Great Paris area hospitals, 2017-2023.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the deadliest respiratory viruses. There is a need to better identify prognostic factors in RSV-infected patients, particularly those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission, with a focus on immunosuppressed patients.

Methods: Multicenter, retrospective cohort study of RSV-infected adults hospitalized in 17 ICUs in the Great Paris area between 08/01/2017 and 05/01/2023.

Large-scale dependency and drug screens characterize the therapeutic vulnerabilities of Multiple Myeloma with 1q.

The development of targeted therapy for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) is hampered by the low frequency of actionable genetic abnormalities. Gain or amplification of chromosome 1q (1q+) is the most frequent arm-level copy number gain in patients with MM and is associated with higher risk of progression and death despite recent therapeutic advances. Thus, developing targeted therapy for MM patients with 1q+ stands to benefit a large portion of patients in need of more effective management.

Targeting IL-23 in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Review of Guselkumab's Efficacy and Utilization.

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic, inflammatory disease with heterogeneous clinical features. The pathogenesis of PsA involves a complex interplay of genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors, leading to the activation of the immune system and subsequent inflammation. Over the past decade, the understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying PsA has advanced significantly, particularly regarding the role of the interleukin-23/T helper 17 pathway in the disease process.

Seizures, Driver Licensure, and Medical Reporting Update: An AAN Position Statement.

This consensus position statement of the American Academy of Neurology, American Epilepsy Society, and Epilepsy Foundation of America updates prior 1994 and 2007 position statements on seizures, driver licensure, and medical reporting. Key consensus positions include the following: (1) in the United States, national driving standards promulgated through a system such as the Uniform Law Commission would reduce confusion and improve adherence with state driving standards; (2) state licensing criteria for medical conditions should be promulgated by regulations and guidelines based on enabling legislation rather than in statutes themselves and should be developed by medical advisory boards working in collaboration with departments of motor vehicles; (3) licensing criteria should be equitable, nondiscriminatory, objective, and compatible with comparable risks in other populations; (4) a minimum seizure-free interval of 3 months should ordinarily be required before driving in all cases and should be extended in individual cases based on review of favorable and unfavorable features by medical advisory boards; (5) individuals with exclusively provoked seizures attributable to provoking factors that are unlikely to reoccur in the future may not require a seizure-free interval before resuming driving; (6) individuals with previously well-controlled epilepsy who experience seizures due to short-term interruptions of antiseizure medications in the setting of hospitalization or practitioner-directed medication-titration may not require a seizure-free interval before driving once previously effective levels of antiseizure medications have been resumed; (7) patients and practitioners should pause driving during tapering and following discontinuation of an antiseizure medication if another such medication is not introduced; (8) individuals whose cognition or coordination is impaired due to medications used to prevent seizures should refrain from driving; (9) health care practitioners should be allowed but not mandated to report drivers who pose an elevated risk; but (10) neither a decision to report a patient suspected of being at elevated risk nor a decision declining to report a patient suspected of being at elevated risk should be subject to legal liability; (11) nations, states, and municipalities should provide alternative methods of transportation and accommodations for individuals whose driving privileges are restricted due to medical conditions.

In vitro maturation of oocytes (IVM): historical landmarks, current status and future perspectives.

One of the major advancements in fertilization (IVF) has been the development of culture media that enhance gamete maturation and sustain embryo development up to the blastocyst stage. The deep understanding of the mechanisms involved in gametogenesis and the complex sequence of events surrounding nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation has also enabled the development of efficient maturation (IVM) protocols. This review outlines the major landmarks in the history of maturation of oocytes, the advantages and importance of its clinical application in human, especially in patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Resistant Ovary Syndrome, high antral follicle count or oncology patients, as well as the safety and efficacy of the technique.

Epidemiology of Coronary Atherosclerosis Among People Living With HIV in Uganda : A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Data on the prevalence of coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD) in the African region among people with and without HIV are lacking.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of CAD in Uganda and determine whether well-controlled HIV infection is associated with increased presence or severity of CAD.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Atrial fibrillation burden in clinical practice, research, and technology development: a clinical consensus statement of the European Society of Cardiology Council on Stroke and the European Heart Rhythm Association.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac diseases and a complicating comorbidity for multiple associated diseases. Many clinical decisions regarding AF are currently based on the binary recognition of AF being present or absent with the categorical appraisal of AF as continued or intermittent. Assessment of AF in clinical trials is largely limited to the time to (first) detection of an AF episode.

The pentameric complex is not required for congenital CMV transmission in seronegative rhesus macaques.

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the leading infectious cause of neonatal neurological impairment worldwide, but the viral factors enabling vertical spread across the placenta remain undetermined. The pentameric complex (PC), composed of the subunits gH/gL/UL128/UL130/UL131A, has been demonstrated to be important for entry into nonfibroblast cells in vitro. These findings link the PC to broad cell tropism and virus dissemination in vivo, denoting all subunits as potential targets for intervention strategies and vaccine development.

Targeting the NPY/NPY1R signaling axis in mutant p53-dependent pancreatic cancer impairs metastasis.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly metastatic malignancy. More than 80% of patients with PC present with advanced-stage disease, preventing potentially curative surgery. The neuropeptide Y (NPY) system, best known for its role in controlling energy homeostasis, has also been shown to promote tumorigenesis in a range of cancer types, but its role in PC has yet to be explored.

Collaborative role of two distinct cilium-specific cytoskeletal systems in driving Hedgehog-responsive transcription factor trafficking.

In vertebrate Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, the precise output of the final effectors, GLI (glioma-associated oncogene) transcription factors, depends on the primary cilium. Upon pathway initiation, generating the precise levels of the activator form of GLI depends on its concentration at the cilium tip. The mechanisms underlying this critical step in Hh signaling are unclear.

RTF1 mediates epigenetic control of Th17 cell differentiation via H2B monoubiquitination.

A gene encoding the transcription factor RTF1 has been associated with an increased risk of ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we investigated its function in modulating T cells expressing interleukin-17A (Th17 cells), a cardinal cell type promoting intestinal inflammation. Our results indicate that Rtf1 deficiency disrupts the differentiation of Th17 cells, while leaving regulatory T cells (Treg) unaffected.

Connecting Underrepresented Medical Students to Resources and Role Models in Orthopaedic Surgery: A Virtual Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility Summit.

Introduction: Limited access to resources and stereotypes about orthopaedic surgeons may contribute to the low percentage of women and people of underrepresented in medicine (URiM) backgrounds in orthopaedic surgery. Several organizations have created resources to address these barriers, but medical students are unlikely to be exposed to the initiatives through traditional curricula. The purpose of this study was to (1) evaluate the ability of a 1-day virtual Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility (DEIA) summit to effectively reach URiM medical students, (2) increase medical students' knowledge of DEIA resources, and (3) augment the perception of diverse backgrounds in orthopaedic surgery.

Distinctive CD8 T cell activation by antigen-presenting plasmacytoid dendritic cells compared to conventional dendritic cells.

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a pivotal role in immune responses, particularly against viral infections. pDCs exhibit diverse functions, including interferon production, cytokine secretion, and antigen presentation. Here, we investigate the antigen cross-presentation capacity of pDCs and their role in CD8 T cell activation.

Conditioned medium of engineering macrophages combined with soluble microneedles promote diabetic wound healing.

Diabetic wounds have a profound effect on both the physical and psychological health of patients, highlighting the urgent necessity for novel treatment strategies and materials. Macrophages are vital contributors to tissue repair mechanisms. Macrophage conditioned medium contains various proteins and cytokines related to wound healing, indicating its potential to improve recovery from diabetic wound.

Cognitive Fluctuations in a Rare Disease Population: Leveraging Cognitive and Speech Ecological Momentary Assessment in Individuals with Phenylketonuria.

Background: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare, hereditary disease that causes disruption in phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism. Despite early intervention, individuals with PKU may have difficulty in several different cognitive domains, including verbal fluency, processing speed, and executive functioning.

Objective: The overarching goal of the Evaluating Fluctuations in Cognitive and Speech Characteristics in Phenylketonuria study (CSP Study) is to characterize the relationships among cognition, speech, mood, and blood-based biomarkers (Phe, Tyr) in individuals with early treated PKU.

In Vitro Activity of Bacteriophages Against Ocular Methicillin-resistant S. aureus Isolates Collected in the US.

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of sight-threatening infections in the US. These strains pose a significant challenge in managing ocular infections, as they frequently exhibit resistance to first-line empirical antibiotics. To assess the potential of bacteriophages as innovative topical therapies for treatment of recalcitrant ocular infections, we evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of a set of anti-S.

Inadequate sleep increases stroke risk: evidence from a comprehensive meta-analysis of incidence and mortality.

The link between abnormal sleep duration and stroke outcomes remains contentious. This meta-analysis quantifies how both short and long sleep durations impact stroke incidence and mortality. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar up to November 1, 2024, to identify cohort studies evaluating sleep duration and stroke outcomes.