Alexithymia in Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-analysis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor manifestations, including alexithymia. This condition is defined by difficulty in recognizing, articulating, and expressing one's emotional states. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the prevalence of alexithymia in PD patients and a healthy population, and to identify associated demographic and clinical factors.

Functional Neuroanatomy of the Normal and Pathological Basal Ganglia.

The term "basal ganglia" refers to a group of interconnected subcortical nuclei engaged in motor planning and movement initiation, executive functions, behaviors, and emotions. Dopamine released from the substantia nigra is the underlying driving force keeping the basal ganglia network under proper equilibrium and, indeed, reduction of dopamine levels triggers basal ganglia dysfunction, setting the groundwork for several movement disorders. The canonical basal ganglia model has been instrumental for most of our current understanding of the normal and pathological functioning of this subcortical network.

Experimental small fields output factors determination for an MR-linac according to the measuring position and orientation of the detector.

. To investigate the effect of the position and orientation of the detector and its influence on the determination of output factors (OF) for small fields for a linear accelerator (MR-linac) integrated with 1.5 T magnetic resonance following the TRS-483 formalism.

Cost of dengue in Colombia: A systematic review.

Background: Dengue is hyperendemic in Colombia. It imposes a substantial economic burden on patients, caregivers, society, and the national health system. We intend to identify and synthesize the evidence regarding the economic burden of dengue in Colombia.

Phase 2, Multicenter, Open-label, Nonrandomized Study of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Liposomal Irinotecan With 5-Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Oxaliplatin, Followed by Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Rectal Cancer in a Watch-and-Wait Program.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combination with liposomal irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods: This was a phase 2, nonrandomized, multicenter study in adults with stage II or III rectal cancer and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1. Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) consisted of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combination with liposomal irinotecan (60 mg/m2), oxaliplatin (60 mg/m2), leucovorin (400 mg/m2), and fluorouracil (2400 mg/m²), followed by chemoradiotherapy [ie, capecitabine (825 mg/m2) and radiotherapy according to the standard of care].

Mammographic density and exposure to air pollutants in premenopausal women: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Mammographic density (MD) is a well-established risk factor for breast cancer. Air pollution is a major public health concern and a recognized carcinogen. We aim to investigate the association between MD and exposure to specific air pollutants (SO, CO, NO, NO, NO, PM, PM, and O) in premenopausal females.

Utilizing a domain-specific large language model for LI-RADS v2018 categorization of free-text MRI reports: a feasibility study.

Objective: To develop a domain-specific large language model (LLM) for LI-RADS v2018 categorization of hepatic observations based on free-text descriptions extracted from MRI reports.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 291 small liver observations, divided into training (n = 141), validation (n = 30), and test (n = 120) datasets. Of these, 120 were fictitious, and 171 were extracted from 175 MRI reports from a single institution.

GPATCH11 variants cause mis-splicing and early-onset retinal dystrophy with neurological impairment.

Here we conduct a study involving 12 individuals with retinal dystrophy, neurological impairment, and skeletal abnormalities, with special focus on GPATCH11, a lesser-known G-patch domain-containing protein, regulator of RNA metabolism. To elucidate its role, we study fibroblasts from unaffected individuals and patients carrying the recurring c.328+1 G > T mutation, which specifically removes the main part of the G-patch domain while preserving the other domains.

Temporal dynamics of neurovascular unit changes following blood-brain barrier opening in the putamen of non-human primates.

Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) combined with intravenously circulating microbubbles has recently emerged as a novel approach for increasing delivery through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This technique safely and transiently enables therapeutic agents to overcome the BBB, which typically poses a significant obstacle for treatment of brain disorders. However, the full impact of LIFU on the entire neurovascular unit (NVU), as well as the mechanisms and factors involved in restoring BBB integrity still require further elucidation.

Temporal ordering of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease patients based on disease progression models.

Introduction: Identifying Parkinson's disease (PD) patients at risk of cognitive decline is crucial for enhancing clinical interventions. While several models predicting cognitive decline in PD exist, a new machine learning framework called disease progression models (DPMs) offers a data-driven approach to understand disease evolution.

Methods: We enrolled 423 PD patients and 196 healthy controls from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI).

The expanding horizon of neurotechnology: Is multimodal neuromodulation the future?

The clinical applications of neurotechnology are rapidly expanding, and the combination of different approaches could be more effective and precise to treat brain disorders. This Perspective discusses the potential and challenges of "multimodal neuromodulation," which combines modalities such as electrical, magnetic, and ultrasound stimulation.

Genetic and Epidemiological Insights into RAB32-Linked Parkinson's Disease.

Background: The p.Ser71Arg RAB32 variant was recently associated with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objective: The aim was to investigate the presence of RAB32 variants in a large multiethnic group of individuals affected and unaffected by PD.

Integrating tabular data through image conversion for enhanced diagnosis: A novel intelligent decision support system for stratifying obstructive sleep apnoea patients using convolutional neural networks.

Objective: High-dimensional databases make it difficult to apply traditional learning algorithms to biomedical applications. Recent developments in computer technology have introduced deep learning (DL) as a potential solution to these difficulties. This study presents a novel intelligent decision support system based on a novel interpretation of data formalisation from tabular data in DL techniques.

Local wakefulness-like activity of layer 5 cortex under general anaesthesia.

Consciousness, defined as being aware of and responsive to one's surroundings, is characteristic of normal waking life and typically is lost during sleep and general anaesthesia. The traditional view of consciousness as a global brain state has evolved toward a more sophisticated interplay between global and local states, with the presence of local sleep in the awake brain and local wakefulness in the sleeping brain. However, this interplay is not clear for general anaesthesia, where loss of consciousness was recently suggested to be associated with a global state of brain-wide synchrony that selectively involves layer 5 cortical pyramidal neurons across sensory, motor and associative areas.