Isolated Non-16/18 High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Cervical Infection: Re-Evaluation After One Year.

Introduction: High-risk human papillomavirus cervical infection is currently a well-established cause of cervical cancer. However, only a few women with persistent infections will develop cervical precancerous and malignant lesions. Approximately 20% of all cervical cancers are attributable to non-16/18 serotypes.

[Live Vaccine in Children with DiGeorge/22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome].

Introduction: Children with DiGeorge syndrome/chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome might have a variable degree of immunodeficiency, which may limit the use of live vaccines. The aim of this study was to review the adverse effects of live vaccines and possible relation with immune status in patients with DiGeorge Syndrome/partial 22q11.

Accuracy and utility of a pacemaker respiratory monitoring algorithm for the detection of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Introduction: The usefulness and diagnostic value of new-generation pacemakers (PM) with enhanced monitoring capabilities are not yet clearly established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility and accuracy of a PM-incorporated respiratory monitoring algorithm and its interaction with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: A single-center prospective study was performed in consecutive patients who underwent PM implantation featuring a respiratory monitoring algorithm.

Effectiveness of Adjuvant Ovarian Function Suppression in Premenopausal Women With Early Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: Ovarian function suppression (OFS) with tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors (AIs) improves disease-free survival in premenopausal women with breast cancer, mostly in those at higher risk of recurrence. However, its real-world use and impact remain poorly understood.

Patients And Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective cohort study of premenopausal women with stage I to III hormone receptor-positive breast cancer diagnosed from 2006 to 2015 that aimed to look at the uptake and effectiveness of the addition of OFS to backbone endocrine therapy (tamoxifen or AI).

A Rare Case of Radiculopathy: Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia of the Sacrum.

Fibrous dysplasia is a bone disease characterized by an osteoblastic dysfunction resulting in a fibrous replacement of the normal medullary bone. We describe the case of a 33-year-old who presented with low back pain irradiating to her right leg. Both the computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed an osteolytic, multicystic lesion of the right hemi-sacrum with invasion of the right S1 foramen.

Evidence Associated with the Use of Oxazolidinones for the Treatment of Skin and Skin Structure Infections: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Skin and skin structure infections are an increasing cause of hospitalization. Although mortality is relatively low, skin and skin structure infections are associated with prolonged hospital length of stay and high costs. Oxazolidinones have been suggested as a tool to treat infected patients in the ambulatory setting in order to decrease hospital length of stay.

A phase III trial of as a potential treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of tirasemtiv, a fast skeletal muscle troponin activator, vs. placebo in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Methods: VITALITY-ALS (NCT02496767) was a multinational, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

CYP21A2 Gene Pathogenic Variants: A Multicenter Study on Genotype-Phenotype Correlation from a Portuguese Pediatric Cohort.

Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by 3 overlapping phenotypes: salt-wasting (SW), simple virilizing (SV), and non-classic (NC). We aimed at conducting a nationwide genotype description of the CAH pediatric patients and to establish their genotype-phenotype correlation.

Methods: CAH patients were recruited from Portuguese pediatric endocrinology centers and classified as SW, SV, or NC.

When the Diagnosis is a Victim of the Circumstances.

Introduction: Haemoptysis is a common symptom which can sometimes mimic gastrointestinal bleeding.

Case Description: We describe the case of a 31-year-old man who presented to the emergency department after an episode of sudden nausea and presumed massive haematemesis. The situation was interpreted as gastrointestinal bleeding but clinical evolution and greater attention to the anamnesis resulted in a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and the provision of appropriate care.

[Recommendations About Multiple Sclerosis Management During Pregnancy, Partum and Post-Partum: Consensus Position of The Portuguese Multiple Sclerosis Study Group and The Portuguese Society of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine].

Multiple sclerosis typically affects young women of reproductive age. Therefore, all healthcare providers involved in the follow-up of multiple sclerosis patients must be prepared to discuss pregnancy and breastfeeding issues, and provide the best possible counselling. However, there are still many doubts and heterogeneous clinical approaches partly due to the lack of consensus and guidelines.

Sacubitril/valsartan: A practical guide.

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors are a cornerstone in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Sacubitril/valsartan modulates the neurohormonal axis by inhibiting both angiotensin receptors and neprilysin, and improves neurohormonal balance more than blocking the RAAS alone. The PARADIGM-HF trial validated this new treatment option for patients with HFrEF.

Pregnancy outcomes in Portuguese women with multiple sclerosis: The PREGNIMS study.

Introduction: Several questions about pregnancy in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) have been discussed, but clarification is still needed in some very practical issues. Portuguese data on this subject remain scattered and need to be analyzed in order to standardize clinical practice.

Objective: This study aimed to describe and analyze the impact of MS on pregnancy and perinatal health of children born to Portuguese mothers with the disease.

The cancer registry as an ally in monitoring treatment effectiveness.

Objective: To evaluate if the cancer registry database can be used to monitor treatment effectiveness using nivolumab treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as an example.

Method: An observational inception cohort was used, where all registered cases of NSCLC with authorisation to initiate treatment with nivolumab were monitored retrospectively to evaluate disease characteristics and response to prior treatments. Current exposure to nivolumab was prospectively characterised and treatment outcomes classified based on the clinical information registered in the patient medical record.

Association Between Alcohol Intake and Cardiac Remodeling.

Background: Alcohol-induced cardiotoxicity is incompletely understood. Specifically, the long-term impact of alcohol use on ventricular remodeling or dysfunction, its modulators, and effect thresholds among young adults remain controversial.

Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate a potential relationship between alcohol intake and cardiac remodeling, assessed by echocardiography, over 20 years of follow-up.

[Analysis of the Cochrane Review: Pregabalin for Pain in Fibromyalgia in Adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;9:CD011790 and 2016;4:CD009002].

Fibromyalgia can be clinically defined by widespread pain lasting for longer than 3 months with tenderness on palpation in 11 or more of 18 specified tender points. Many people with fibromyalgia are significantly disabled, and experience moderate to severe pain for many years, for which conventional analgesics are usually not effective. For these patients treatment options generally include antidepressants like tricyclic agents, serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors, or anticonvulsants like pregabalin or gabapentin.