Trajectories of functioning in bipolar disorders: A longitudinal study in the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise in Bipolar Disorders cohort.

Objective: We aimed at identifying distinct trajectories of functioning and at describing their respective clinical characteristics in a cohort of individuals with bipolar disorders.

Methods: We included a sample of 2351 individuals with bipolar disorders who have been followed-up to 3 years as part as the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise in Bipolar Disorders cohort. Global functioning was measured using the Functioning Assessment Short Test.

Evolution and characteristics of the use of valproate in women of childbearing age with bipolar disorder: Results from the FACE-BD cohort.

Background: Valproate is associated with teratogenic and neurodevelopmental effects. Several agencies have restricted the conditions of its prescription in bipolar disorders (BD). We aimed to assess the evolution of valproate prescription and the clinical profile of BD women of childbearing age receiving valproate.

Adherence to mental health care and caregiver-patient relationship after diagnosis of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: Longitudinal follow-up study.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the quality of adherence to mental health care follow-up and the mental health caregiver-patient relationship after diagnosis of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES).

Methods: We conducted an ancillary study of a multicenter prospective study. Patients (n = 108) received a standardized diagnostic explanation of PNES following video-EEG.

Metabolic and psychiatric effects of acyl coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP)/diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI).

Acyl coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP), also known as diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) is a multifunctional protein with an intracellular action (as ACBP), as well as with an extracellular role (as DBI). The plasma levels of soluble ACBP/DBI are elevated in human obesity and reduced in anorexia nervosa. Accumulating evidence indicates that genetic or antibody-mediated neutralization of ACBP/DBI has anorexigenic effects, thus inhibiting food intake and inducing lipo-catabolic reactions in mice.

[Retinal investigations in patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia: A review of the literature].

Major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are currently among the most common psychiatric disorders, known to constitute a serious public health issue in terms of morbidity, mortality and functional handicap. Their pathophysiology is still unclear, but there is now increasing evidence supporting the existence of abnormalities of neurotransmission. As the retina is an extension of the central nervous system, it may be an interesting site of study which might provide a better understanding of the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.

Childhood Trauma Predicts Less Remission from PTSD among Patients with Co-Occurring Alcohol Use Disorder and PTSD.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent among patients hospitalized for an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Hospitalization can improve PTSD and AUD outcomes in some but not all patients, but we lack data on the baseline predictors of PTSD non-remission. This study aimed to determine the baseline risk factors for non-remitted PTSD in patients hospitalized for an AUD.

[Screening tools for cannabis use disorders and their adaptation to DSM-5: A literature review].

Objectives: Cannabis use is widespread in France, particularly among adolescents and young adults, and can induce severe somatic, psychiatric and social consequences. Early identification and appropriate care of cannabis use disorders thus constitute a major public health issue. Standardized questionnaires based on patient self-reporting are recognized as the best option for identifying cannabis use disorders because of their reliability and simplicity.

[Responsiveness and sustainability of psychiatric care in France during COVID-19 epidemic].

Objectives: The sudden changes of healthcare system due to COVID-19 particularly affect the organization of psychiatry. The objective of this review is to examine the adaptations of psychiatric care in France during this pandemic.

Method: This narrative review is based on the observation of changes made in French psychiatric hospitals and on an analysis of the literature.

Cognitive insight in individuals with an at-risk mental state for psychosis: A meta-analysis.

Aim: To compare cognitive insight abilities measured with the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS) between individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) and healthy controls.

Method: Review and meta-analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Results: A search for articles investigating cognitive insight in ARMS in the MEDLINE and ScienceDirect databases revealed five studies including 303 ARMS and 376 controls.

Study of retinal structure and function in patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia: A review of the literature.

Major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are currently among the most common psychiatric disorders, known to constitute a serious public health issue in terms of morbidity, mortality and functional handicap. Their pathophysiology is still unclear, but there is now increasing evidence supporting the existence of abnormalities of neurotransmission. As the retina is an extension of the central nervous system, it may be an interesting site of study which might provide a better understanding of the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.

[Informations on psychotropics and their adaptations for patients suffering from mental disorders in France during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic].

The 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic (SARS-CoV-2; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has dramatic consequences on populations in terms of morbidity and mortality and in social terms, the general confinement of almost half of the world's population being a situation unprecedented in history, which is difficult today to measure the impact at the individual and collective levels. More specifically, it affects people with various risk factors, which are more frequent in patients suffering from psychiatric disorders. Psychiatrists need to know: (i) how to identify, the risks associated with the prescription of psychotropic drugs and which can prove to be counterproductive in their association with COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), (ii) how to assess in terms of benefit/risk ratio, the implication of any hasty and brutal modification on psychotropic drugs that can induce confusion for a differential diagnosis with the evolution of COVID-19.

[Health professionals facing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: What are the mental health risks?].

Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused major sanitary crisis worldwide. Half of the world has been placed in quarantine. In France, this large-scale health crisis urgently triggered the restructuring and reorganization of health service delivery to support emergency services, medical intensive care units and continuing care units.

[Psychopathological consequences of confinement].

The psychological effects of isolation have already been described in the literature (polar expeditions, submarines, prison). Nevertheless, the scale of confinement implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented. In addition to reviewing the published studies, we need to anticipate the psychological problems that could arise during or at a distance from confinement.

Ensuring mental health care during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in France: A narrative review.

Objective: The lack of resources and coordination to face the coronavirus epidemic raises concerns for the health of patients with mental disorders in a country where we still have memories of the dramatic experience of famine in psychiatric hospitals during the Second World War. This article aims to propose guidance to ensure mental health care during the SARS-CoV epidemic in France.

Methods: The authors performed a narrative review identifying relevant results in the scientific and medical literature and in local initiatives in France.

Contribution of common and rare damaging variants in familial forms of bipolar disorder and phenotypic outcome.

Genome-wide association studies on bipolar disorders (BD) have revealed an additive polygenic contribution of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). However, these SNPs explain only 25% of the overall genetic variance and suggest a role of rare variants in BD vulnerability. Here, we combined high-throughput genotyping data and whole-exome sequencing in cohorts of individuals with BD as well as in multiplex families with a high density of affected individuals in order to determine the contribution of both common and rare variants to BD genetic vulnerability.

[Ensuring mental health care during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in France: A narrative review].

Objective: The lack of ressources and coordination to face the epidemic of coronavirus raises concerns for the health of patients with mental disorders in a country where we keep in memory the dramatic experience of famine in psychiatric hospitals during the Second World War. This article aims at proposing guidance to ensure mental health care during the SARS-CoV epidemy in France.

Methods: Authors performed a narrative review identifying relevant results in the scientific and medical literature and local initiatives in France.

Association of polygenic score for major depression with response to lithium in patients with bipolar disorder.

Lithium is a first-line medication for bipolar disorder (BD), but only one in three patients respond optimally to the drug. Since evidence shows a strong clinical and genetic overlap between depression and bipolar disorder, we investigated whether a polygenic susceptibility to major depression is associated with response to lithium treatment in patients with BD. Weighted polygenic scores (PGSs) were computed for major depression (MD) at different GWAS p value thresholds using genetic data obtained from 2586 bipolar patients who received lithium treatment and took part in the Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLiGen) study.

[Representation of Female speakers at French psychiatry conferences].

Objectives: First, the main objective was to describe the evolution of the representation of women at the two main conferences of psychiatry in France-Encephale and French Congress of Psychiatry-from 2009 to 2018, and to compare it to the evolution of the representation of women among French psychiatrists. Second, we aimed to describe this evolution within the themes of general psychiatry, child psychiatry and addictology and compare it to the evolution of the number of adult psychiatrists, child psychiatrists and addictologists in France, and likewise to describe this evolution within the organizing and scientific committees, chairpersons and symposia of pharmaceutical companies at these conferences. We hypothesized that women are underrepresented at French speaking psychiatry conferences and sought to quantify this.

New insights on the role of the retina in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in major depressive disorder.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects people worldwide. MDD treatments include antidepressants, which involve a delayed onset of action, long-term treatment, side effects and, frequently, only partial efficacy. The lack of access to the living brain, and the complex and still poorly elucidated pathophysiology of MDD, hinders treatment development.

Self-concept Clarity and Autobiographical Memory Functions in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Intellectual Deficiency.

The structural characteristics of self-concept refer to the way in which the elements of self-knowledge are organized and can be experienced by individuals in the form of self-concept clarity. It is intimately linked to autobiographical memory. Therefore, we sought to compare self-concept clarity and autobiographical memory between adults with ASD without Intellectual Deficiency and controls.

Free viewing exploration in schizophrenia: Review of evidence from laboratory settings to natural environment.

Several studies have investigated visual processing impairment in schizophrenia. The literature on visual exploration has described restricted scanning in schizophrenia patients. This gaze behavior is characterized by increased fixation duration, a reduced scan path length and avoidance of salient features of the face with emotional content.