Exposure to natural environments during pregnancy and birth outcomes in 11 European birth cohorts.

Research suggests that maternal exposure to natural environments (i.e., green and blue spaces) promotes healthy fetal growth.

Applied causal inference methods for sequential mediators.

Background: Mediation analysis aims at estimating to what extent the effect of an exposure on an outcome is explained by a set of mediators on the causal pathway between the exposure and the outcome. The total effect of the exposure on the outcome can be decomposed into an indirect effect, i.e.

Defining textbook outcome for selective internal radiation therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: an international expert study.

Background: A textbook outcome (TO) is a composite indicator covering the entire intervention process in order to reflect the "ideal" intervention and be a surrogate for patient important outcomes. Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is a complex multidisciplinary and multistep intervention facing the challenge of standardization. This expert opinion-based study aimed to define a TO for SIRT of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Early delivery following chronic and acute ambient temperature exposure: a comprehensive survival approach.

Background: Ambient temperature, particularly heat, is increasingly acknowledged as a trigger for preterm delivery but study designs have been limited and results mixed. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the association between ambient temperature throughout pregnancy and preterm delivery.

Methods: We estimated daily temperature throughout pregnancy using a cutting-edge spatiotemporal model for 5347 live singleton births from three prospective cohorts in France, 2002-2018.

The response of subgroups of patients with schizophrenia to different antipsychotic drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: As comparatively few trials in subgroups of patients with schizophrenia have been done, clinicians need to know whether they can rely on the results of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in the general population of patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to compare the efficacy and side-effects of antipsychotic drugs in different subgroups.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched reference lists of previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses, the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Study-Based Register (from database inception to April 27, 2020), and PubMed (from April 1, 2020 to June 14, 2021).

The French FRACTURE database: A way to improve knowledge on management of children with very rare tumors.

Introduction: Very rare pediatric tumors (VRTs), defined by an annual incidence ≤2 per million inhabitants, represent a heterogeneous group of cancers. Due to their extremely low incidence, knowledge on these tumors is scant. Since 2012, the French Very Rare Tumors Committee (FRACTURE) database has recorded clinical data about VRTs in France.

Transparency and reporting characteristics of COVID-19 randomized controlled trials.

Background: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are essential to support clinical decision-making. We aimed (1) to assess and compare the reporting characteristics of RCTs between preprints and peer-reviewed publications and (2) to assess whether reporting improves after the peer review process for all preprints subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals.

Methods: We searched the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register and L·OVE COVID-19 platform to identify all reports of RCTs assessing pharmacological treatments of COVID-19, up to May 2021.

"Baby-led weaning" - Progress in infant feeding or risky trend?

Baby-led weaning (BLW), proposed as a new form of complementary feeding, has emerged as a real trend phenomenon in the media. Infants are seated at the family table from the age of 6 months, facing the foods they grab and bring to their mouth: they decide which foods they want to eat and what amount. The consumption of mashed foods and the use of a spoon are totally discouraged.

Sample size considerations for studies comparing intubating conditions using quantitative monitoring versus a fixed interval during onset of neuromuscular blockade.

Introduction: Data in the literature are still scarce to establish any recommendations on the use of quantitative monitoring during tracheal intubation.

Patients And Methods: In this monocentric study, non-morbidly obese adult female patients without risk factors for difficult tracheal intubation were prospectively included. After 0.

Preschool language and visuospatial skills respectively predict multiplication and addition/subtraction skills in middle school children.

A converging body of evidence from neuroimaging, behavioral, and neuropsychology studies suggests that different arithmetic operations rely on distinct neuro-cognitive processes: while addition and subtraction may rely more on visuospatial reasoning, multiplication would depend more on verbal abilities. In this paper, we tested this hypothesis in a longitudinal study measuring language and visuospatial skills in 358 preschoolers, and testing their mental calculation skills at the beginning of middle school. Language skills at 5.

Levels of Evidence Supporting United States Guidelines in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Treatment.

Cancer guidelines are ideally based on high levels of evidence (LOE). We aim to evaluate the LOE supporting recommendations in United States (US) guidelines on pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treatment and its evolution over time. We searched for current guidelines from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and their prior publicly available versions on societies' websites and/or MEDLINE.

Availability of Results of Trials Studying Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma over the Past 10 Years.

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal cancer with few therapeutic options. Availability of results is a crucial step in interventional research. Our aim was to evaluate results availability for trials in patients with PDAC and explore associated factors.

Study of the Combined Effect of Maternal Tobacco Smoking and Polygenic Risk Scores on Birth Weight and Body Mass Index in Childhood.

Maternal smoking during pregnancy has adverse health effects on the offspring, including lower birth weight and increased risk for obesity. These outcomes are also influenced by common genetic polymorphisms. We aimed to investigate the combined effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy and genetic predisposition on birth weight and body mass index (BMI)-related traits in 1,086 children of the Human Early Life Exposome (HELIX) project.

No pain management for labour: individual and organisational determinants: A secondary analysis of the 2016 French National Perinatal Survey.

Background: Disparities in access to pain management have been identified in several care settings, such as emergency departments and intensive care units, but with regard to labour analgesia, it remains poorly explored.

Objectives: To determine the proportion of women without pain management during labour and its individual and organisational determinants.

Design: Secondary analysis of a nationwide cross-sectional population-based study, the 2016 French National Perinatal Survey.

Thoracic imaging tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19.

Background: Our March 2021 edition of this review showed thoracic imaging computed tomography (CT) to be sensitive and moderately specific in diagnosing COVID-19 pneumonia. This new edition is an update of the review.

Objectives: Our objectives were to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of thoracic imaging in people with suspected COVID-19; assess the rate of positive imaging in people who had an initial reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) negative result and a positive RT-PCR result on follow-up; and evaluate the accuracy of thoracic imaging for screening COVID-19 in asymptomatic individuals.

Effects of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on perinatal activity in Yorkshire and the Humber region during 2020: an interrupted time series analysis.

Objective: To assess the impact of public health measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal health indicators.

Design: Interrupted time series analysis comparing periods of the pandemic with the previous 5 years.

Setting: Yorkshire and the Humber region, England (2015-2020).

Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated risk factors among frontline health care workers in Paris: the SEROCOV cohort study.

With the COVID-19 pandemic, documenting whether health care workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 contamination and identifying risk factors is of major concern. In this multicenter prospective cohort study, HCWs from frontline departments were included in March and April 2020 and followed for 3 months. SARS-CoV-2 serology was performed at month 0 (M0), M1, and M3 and RT-PCR in case of symptoms.

Availability of results of interventional studies assessing colorectal cancer from 2013 to 2020.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide. Our aim was to evaluate the availability of results of interventional studies studying CRC. We searched the ClinicalTrials.

Continuous renal replacement therapy versus intermittent hemodialysis as first modality for renal replacement therapy in severe acute kidney injury: a secondary analysis of AKIKI and IDEAL-ICU studies.

Background: Intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) are the two main RRT modalities in patients with severe acute kidney injury (AKI). Meta-analyses conducted more than 10 years ago did not show survival difference between these two modalities. As the quality of RRT delivery has improved since then, we aimed to reassess whether the choice of IHD or CRRT as first modality affects survival of patients with severe AKI.