From bad to worse: examining the deteriorating labour market outcomes of international graduates in Australia.

International graduates have been shown to experience comparatively poor outcomes in their transition to the host labour market after course completion. In Australia, international graduates typically fare worse than domestic graduates in the labour market, with new evidence pointing to a deterioration in their relative labour market position over the years. The contributing factors for the deterioration, however, remain unclear.

Type 2 diabetes and hypertension in Vietnam: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies between 2000 and 2020.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the level of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension (HTN) in Vietnam and to assess the trend and recommend the future direction of prevention research efforts.

Design: We searched scientific literature, databases including PubMed, EMBASE, CINHAL and Google Scholar; grey literature and reference lists for primary research published, nation database websites between 1 January 2000 and 30 September 2020. We adapted the modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale for assessing the quality of the study, as recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration.

Do extracurricular activities contribute to better adolescent outcomes? A fixed-effects panel data approach.

Introduction: Extracurricular activity participation is associated with positive academic, health, and behavioral outcomes for adolescents, but these findings may reflect unobserved confounding rather than participation effects.

Method: Data were drawn from 3885 adolescents aged 12-15 in a nationally representative cohort of Australian adolescents. Effects of participation in three kinds of extracurricular activity (team sport, individual sport, and arts) on an array of outcomes were modeled using fixed-effects regression to account for potential unobserved confounding.

Protecting mental health during periods of financial stress: Evidence from the Australian Coronavirus Supplement income support payment.

This paper investigates whether the Australian government's Coronavirus Supplement, a temporary income support payment for unemployed jobseekers during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, protected mental health (frequency of feeling anxious or depressed during the past week) by lowering financial stress (how comfortable people are in paying for essential services). We use unique nationally representative repeated cross-sectional data on 3843 unemployed Australian adults over the period April 6, 2020 to May 10, 2021. We find that the Coronavirus Supplement payment significantly reduced reported financial stress, and lower financial stress was associated with lower mental distress.

Trajectories of asthma symptom presenting as wheezing and their associations with family environmental factors among children in Australia: evidence from a national birth cohort study.

Objectives: Asthma is one of the greatest health burdens, yet contributors to asthma symptom trajectories are understudied in Australian children. We aimed to assess the trajectories of asthma symptom and their associations with several family environmental factors during the childhood period in Australia.

Design: Secondary analysis from a cross-sequential cohort study.

Dietary patterns and the risks of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance among young adults: Evidence from a longitudinal study.

Background And Aims: Whether early young adulthood dietary patterns predict the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes-related endpoints prior to middle age remains unknown. We examined the prospective associations of dietary patterns in early young adulthood with MetS and diabetes-related endpoints at later young adulthood.

Methods: We used data of young adults from a long running birth cohort in Australia.

Geographical and socioeconomic inequalities in the double burden of malnutrition among women in Southeast Asia: A population-based study.

Background: Countries in the South and Southeast Asia region grapple with significant challenges due to the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) in women. An understanding of the country specific DBM geographical and socioeconomic distribution in South and Southeast Asian countries will enable targeting of DBM interventions towards high-risk populations in the region. This study aimed to analyse anthropometric indicators for women's nutrition at national and subnational levels in seven South and Southeast Asian countries and assess the association between nutritional status and socioeconomic factors.

Assuring Bangladesh's future: non-communicable disease risk factors among the adolescents and the existing policy responses.

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the current status of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors amongst adolescents in Bangladesh. We also critically reviewed the existing policy responses to NCD risk among adolescents in Bangladesh.

Methods: This study used a mixed method approach.

Association between screening for antenatal depressive symptoms and delivery outcomes: The Born in Queensland Study.

Background: Evidence shows that depressive symptoms during pregnancy increase the risk of an intervention during delivery (induction, the use of forceps or vacuum, and caesarean sections (CS)). Many women with depression during pregnancy are not identified and therefore will not receive appropriate follow up of their symptoms. We hypothesised that routine screening for depressive symptoms during pregnancy could reduce detrimental consequences of depressive symptoms on delivery outcomes.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its related factors among Vietnamese people: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Metabolic risk factors are the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in recent decades, yet the burden of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been carefully assessed in Vietnam. This review thus aims to examine the prevalence of MetS and its related factors in Vietnam.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted using literature retrieved from PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar up until July 2021.

Between and Within-Country Variations in Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in South Asia.

This study aimed to explore variations in Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices between different South Asian Countries (SACs) and within their sociodemographic characteristics including place of residence, mother age, mother education, child sex, and wealth quintiles within the SACs. We extracted 0-23 months age children's data from the nationally representative survey of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal, and Pakistan. Among all SACs, the early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) practice was 45.

Association between Mother's Education and Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in South Asia.

The association between mother's education and the World Health Organization's (WHO's) eight Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) core indicators has yet to be explored in South Asia (SA). This study aimed to explore the association between mother's education and the WHO's eight IYCF core indicators in SA. We analyzed data from the most recent nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys of six South Asian Countries (SACs)-Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal, and Pakistan.

Have girls been left behind during the COVID-19 pandemic? Gender differences in pandemic effects on children's mental wellbeing.

Using data from the UK, we show that girls have been affected more than boys by the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of their mental wellbeing. These gender differences are more pronounced in lower-income families. Our results are consistent with previous findings of larger pandemic effects on mental health of women.

Partner's characteristics and adolescent motherhood among married adolescent girls in 48 low-income and middle-income countries: a population-based study.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of adolescent motherhood among married adolescent girls and its associations with their partners' characteristics in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Design: Population-based study.

Participants: 54 285 ever married (or lived with a partner) adolescent girls (15-19 years old) were including in prevalence analysis.

Dietary patterns and the risk of abnormal blood lipids among young adults: A prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: The extent to which dietary patterns influence the risk of abnormal blood lipids throughout young adulthood remains unclear. The aim was to investigate whether early young adulthood dietary patterns predict the risk of abnormal blood lipids during later young adulthood.

Methods And Results: We used data from a long running birth cohort study in Australia.

Trends of perinatal mental health referrals and psychiatric admissions in Queensland.

Background: Perinatal depression is often underdiagnosed; consequently, many women suffer perinatal depression without follow-up care. Screening for depressive symptoms during the perinatal period has been recommended in Australia to increase detection and follow-up of women suffering from depressive symptoms. Screening rates have gradually increased over the last decades in Australia.

Sleep health and its implications in First Nation Australians: A systematic review.

Unlabelled: Understanding the state of sleep health in First Nations Australians offers timely insight into intervention and management opportunities to improve overall health and well-being. This review explored the determinants and burden of poor sleep in First Nations Australians. A systematic search was conducted to identify studies published until August 2020 in First Nations Australian adults.

Geographical variations in the association between bullying victimization and sleep loss among adolescents: a population-based study of 91 countries.

Objective: To examine geographical variations in the association between bullying victimization and sleep loss over worry among adolescents.

Methods: We used data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey conducted between 2003 and 2017 in 91 countries across the globe. Sleep loss was categorised as: none/minimum (reported never or rarely sleep loss), moderate (reported sometimes), and severe (reported most of the time or always).

Are Sibship Characteristics Predictive of Same Sex Marriage? An Examination of Fraternal Birth Order and Female Fecundity Effects in Population-level Administrative Data from the Netherlands.

Despite historical increases in the number of individuals engaging in same-sex relations and entering same-sex unions, the causes of sexual orientation remain an open question. Two biological processes that have received some degree of empirical validation are the fraternal birth-order effect (FBOE) and the female-fecundity effect (FFE). Respectively, these processes posit that having a greater number of older brothers and being part of larger sibships independently increase the odds of male homosexuality.