Zosuquidar: An Effective Molecule for Intracellular Ca Measurement in P-gp Positive Cells.

Intracellular calcium, as a second messenger, is involved in multilevel cellular regulatory pathways and plays a role (among other processes) in switching between survival and initiation of cell death in neoplastic cells. The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in neoplastic cells is associated with the ability of cells to escape programmed cell death, in which dysregulation of intracellular calcium may play an important role. Therefore, reliable monitoring of intracellular calcium levels is necessary.

The Roles of microRNAs in Cancer Multidrug Resistance.

Cancer chemotherapy may induce a multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. The development of MDR is based on various molecular causes, of which the following are very common: induction of ABC transporter expression; induction/activation of drug-metabolizing enzymes; alteration of the expression/function of apoptosis-related proteins; changes in cell cycle checkpoints; elevated DNA repair mechanisms. Although these mechanisms of MDR are well described, information on their molecular interaction in overall multidrug resistance is still lacking.

Screening of Phenanthroquinolizidine Alkaloid Derivatives for Inducing Cell Death of L1210 Leukemia Cells with Negative and Positive P-glycoprotein Expression.

We describe the screening of a set of cryptopleurine derivatives, namely thienoquinolizidine derivatives and (epi-)benzo analogs with bioactive phenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids that induce cytotoxic effects in the mouse lymphocytic leukemia cell line L1210. We used three variants of L1210 cells: i) parental cells (S) negative for P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression; ii) P-glycoprotein positive cells (R), obtained by selection with vincristine; iii) P-glycoprotein positive cells (T), obtained by stable transfection with a human gene encoding P-glycoprotein. We identified the most effective derivative with a median lethal concentration of ≈13 μM in all three L1210 cell variants.

Overview and trends of ecological and socioeconomic research on artificial reefs.

It is presented a systematic literature review of artificial reef research, including 620 studies throughout the world from 1962 to 2018. The primary focus of this study was to examine long-term trends in research, focusing on ecological and socioeconomic questions, and to develop new research directions for this field. From 1962 to the beginning of the 1990s, the United States and Japan were the main centers of artificial reef research.

Black soldier fly defatted meal as a dietary protein source for broiler chickens: Effects on growth performance, blood traits, gut morphology and histological features.

Background: The present study has evaluated the effects of different inclusion levels of a partially defatted black soldier fly ( L.; HI) larva meal on the growth performance, blood parameters and gut morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 256 male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were reared from d 1 to d 35 and assigned to 4 dietary treatments (8 replicates/treatment and 8 birds/replicate).

Detection of the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential by the Cationic Dye JC-1 in L1210 Cells with Massive Overexpression of the Plasma Membrane ABCB1 Drug Transporter.

JC-1, a cationic fluorescent dye when added to living cells, is known to be localized exclusively in mitochondria, particularly in good physiological conditions characterized by sufficient mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ). The accumulation of JC-1 in these organelles leads to the formation J-aggregates (with a specific red fluorescence emission maximum at 590 nm), which is in addition to the typical green fluorescence of J-monomers (emission maximum of ∼529 nm). The lack of mitochondrial ΔΨ leads to the depression of JC-1 mitochondrial accumulation and a decrease in J-aggregate formation.

Triorganotin Derivatives Induce Cell Death Effects on L1210 Leukemia Cells at Submicromolar Concentrations Independently of P-glycoprotein Expression.

The acceleration of drug efflux activity realized by plasma membrane transporters in neoplastic cells, particularly by P-glycoprotein (P-gp, ABCB1 member of the ABC transporter family), represents a frequently observed molecular cause of multidrug resistance (MDR). This multiple resistance represents a real obstacle in the effective chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases. Therefore, identifying cytotoxic substances that are also effective in P-gp overexpressing cells may be useful for the rational design of substances for the treatment of malignancies with developed MDR.

Interplay between P-Glycoprotein Expression and Resistance to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stressors.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a phenotype of cancer cells with reduced sensitivity to a wide range of unrelated drugs. P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-a drug efflux pump (ABCB1 member of the ABC transporter gene family)-is frequently observed to be a molecular cause of MDR. The drug-efflux activity of P-gp is considered as the underlying mechanism of drug resistance against P-gp substrates and results in failure of cancer chemotherapy.

Spectroscopic Evidence of Phosphorous Heterocycle-DNA Interaction and its Verification by Docking Approach.

In the present work, the interaction of phosphorous heterocycle (PH) with calf thymus DNA (CTDNA) has been studied using spectroscopy and verified by molecular modeling which is found to be in consonance with each other. Apparent association constant (K = 4.77 × 10 M), calculated using UV-Vis spectra indicating an adequate complex formation between CTDNA and PH.

Ecofriendly gold nanoparticles - Lysozyme interaction: Thermodynamical perspectives.

In the featured work interaction between biosynthesized gold nanoparticles (GNP) and lysozyme (Lys) has been studied using multi-spectroscopic approach. A moderate association constant (K) of 2.66×10L/mol has been observed indicative of interactive nature.

L1210 Cells Overexpressing ABCB1 Drug Transporters Are Resistant to Inhibitors of the N- and O-glycosylation of Proteins.

Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp, drug transporter) in neoplastic cells is the most frequently observed molecular cause of multidrug resistance. Here, we show that the overexpression of P-gp in L1210 cells leads to resistance to tunicamycin and benzyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-d-galactopyranoside (GalNAc-α--benzyl). Tunicamycin induces both glycosylation depression and ubiquitination improvement of P-gp.

Antioxidant and antibacterial potential of pomegranate peel extracts.

Pomegranate peels of Ganesh variety were subjected to extraction using different solvents viz. water, methanol and ethanol either alone or in combination with water. The extraction yield, antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS inhibition) and total phenolic contents were evaluated.

Agonistic and reproductive behaviors in males of red hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) x O. mossambicus (Peters, 1852) (Osteichthyes: Cichlidae).

The red hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) x O. mossambicus (Peters, 1852) is a fertile hybrid used in the semi-intensive level of fish culture in the Northeast of Brazil. It is a territorial cichlid and is highly aggressive towards conspecifics during the breeding season.

Reproductive ecology of a neotropical cichlid fish, Cichla monoculus (Osteichthyes: Cichlidae).

The reproductive ecology of the freshwater fish Cichla monoculus Spix, 1831 (Osteichthyes: Cichlidae) was investigated in the Campo Grande Reservoir, Northeast Brazil. Rainfall, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and electrical conductivity of the water were recorded monthly. Fish collected on a monthly basis were measured, weighted, dissected, sexed and the stage of maturation of the gonads were assessed by macro and microscopic means.

Regeneration of plants from callus cultures of Origanum vulgare L.

Investigations were undertaken to achieve rapid multiplication and improvement of Origanum vulgare (a herbaceous, ornamental plant well known for its aromatic and medicinal value) through plant regeneration from callus. The explants (cotyledons, hypocotyl and root segments) excised from 15 d old aseptic seedlings were cultured on Gamborg's B5 medium supplemented with 2,4-D, NAA and BAP individually and in various combinations (at concentrations of 0,10(-7),10(-6) and 10(-5) M). Best callus induction was noted on medium with 10(-7) M 2,4-D alone.