HIV medical care interruption among people living with HIV in Spain, 2004-2020.

Objective: We estimated the incidence rate of HIV medical care interruption (MCI) and its evolution over a 16-year-period, and identified associated risk factors among HIV-positive individuals from the Cohort of the Spanish AIDS Research Network in 2004-2020.

Design: We included antiretroviral-naive individuals aged at least 18 years at enrolment, recruited between January 1, 2004, and August 30, 2019, and followed-up until November 30, 2020.

Methods: Individuals with any time interval of at least 15 months between two visits were defined as having a MCI.

Phytomolecules as potential candidates to intervene the function of sodium-proton antiporters; Ec-NhaA.

Sodium-Proton antiporter, NhaA is a ubiquitous protein found in cytoplasmic membranes of all the prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. These antiporters have been widely studied in and their homologs, observed in humans, are found to be crucial for various pathophysiological conditions, such as hypertension, cardiac diseases, blood pressure fluctuation etc. NhaA is responsible for the virulent properties of many pathogens like , etc.

Key Stratification of Microbiota Taxa and Metabolites in the Host Metabolic Health-Disease Balance.

Human gut microbiota seems to drive the interaction with host metabolism through microbial metabolites, enzymes, and bioactive compounds. These components determine the host health-disease balance. Recent metabolomics and combined metabolome-microbiome studies have helped to elucidate how these substances could differentially affect the individual host pathophysiology according to several factors and cumulative exposures, such as obesogenic xenobiotics.

Association of germline variants in telomere maintenance genes ( and ) with spitzoid morphology in familial melanoma: A multi-center case series.

Background: Spitzoid morphology in familial melanoma has been associated with germline variants in , a telomere maintenance gene (TMG), suggesting a link between telomere biology and spitzoid differentiation.

Objective: To assess if familial melanoma cases associated with germline variants in TMG (, , , and ) commonly exhibit spitzoid morphology.

Methods: In this case series, melanomas were classified as having spitzoid morphology if at least 3 of 4 dermatopathologists reported this finding in ≥25% of tumor cells.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Metabolomics Approach Revealed the Intervention Effect of Using Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) by CKD Patients.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the end point of a number of systemic chronic diseases. The prevalence of CKD is increasing worldwide and recent epidemiological studies are showing the high prevalence of renal failure in CKD patients using complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs). Clinicians believe that biochemical profiles of CKD patients using CAM (referred here to as CAM-CKD) may be different compared to those on standard clinical treatment and should be managed differently.

The Quest for Neurodegenerative Disease Treatment-Focusing on Alzheimer's Disease Personalised Diets.

Dementia represents a clinical syndrome characterised by progressive decline in memory, language, visuospatial and executive function, personality, and behaviour, causing loss of abilities to perform instrumental or essential activities of daily living. The most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer's disease (AD), which accounts for up to 80% of all dementia cases. Despite that extensive studies regarding the etiology and risk factors have been performed in recent decades, and how the current knowledge about AD pathophysiology significantly improved with the recent advances in science and technology, little is still known about its treatment options.

Efficacy of progressive versus severe energy restriction on body composition and strength in concurrent trained women.

Purpose: This study evaluated the concurrent training (CT) effect in combination with either progressive energy restriction (PER) or severe energy restriction (SER) on body composition and strength-related variables in resistance-trained women.

Methods: Fourteen women (29.5 ± 3.

Longitudinal NMR Based Serum Metabolomics to Track the Potential Serum Biomarkers of Septic Shock.

Septic shock, with a prolonged hospital stay, has the highest mortality rate worldwide. There is a need for better management of the disease, which requires time-dependent analysis of alteration occurring in the disease condition and subsequent planning of treatment strategies to curb mortality. The study aims to identify early metabolic signatures associated with septic shock before treatment and post-treatment.

Effects of a Novel Infant Formula on the Fecal Microbiota in the First Six Months of Life: The INNOVA 2020 Study.

Exclusive breastfeeding is highly recommended for infants for at least the first six months of life. However, for some mothers, it may be difficult or even impossible to do so. This can lead to disturbances in the gut microbiota, which in turn may be related to a higher incidence of acute infectious diseases.

Functionalized Fluorescent Nanostructures Generated from Self-Assembly of a Cationic Tripeptide Direct Cell-Selective Chemotherapeutic Drug Delivery.

Nanodrug delivery systems (NDDs) capable of conveying chemotherapeutics directly into malignant cells without harming healthy ones are of significant interest in the field of cancer therapy. However, the development of nanostructures with the requisite biocompatibility, inherent optical properties, cellular penetration ability, encapsulation capability, and target selectivity has remained elusive. In an effort to develop cell-selective NDDs, we have synthesized a cationic tripeptide Boc-Arg-Trp-Phe-OMe (), which self-assembles into well-ordered spheres in 100% aqueous medium.

Sex-divergent effects on the NAD+-dependent deacetylase sirtuin signaling across the olfactory-entorhinal-amygdaloid axis in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.

Background: Smell impairment is one of the earliest features in Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD). Due to sex differences exist in terms of smell and olfactory structures as well as in the prevalence and manifestation of both neurological syndromes, we have applied olfactory proteomics to favor the discovery of novel sex-biased physio-pathological mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets associated with olfactory dysfunction.

Methods: SWATH-MS (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry) and bioinformatic workflows were applied in 57 post-mortem olfactory tracts (OT) derived from controls with no known neurological history (n = 6F/11M), AD (n = 4F/13M) and PD (n = 7F/16M) subjects.

Association of altered metabolic profiles and long non-coding RNAs expression with disease severity in breast cancer patients: analysis by H NMR spectroscopy and RT-q-PCR.

Introduction: Globally, one of the major causes of cancer related deaths in women is breast cancer. Although metabolic pattern is altered in cancer patients, robust metabolic biomarkers with a potential to improve the screening and disease monitoring are lacking. A complete metabolome profiling of breast cancer patients may lead to the identification of diagnostic/prognostic markers and potential targets.

Repercussions of absolute and time-rated BMI "yo-yo" fluctuations on cardiovascular stress-related morbidities within the vascular-metabolic CUN cohort.

Aims: The association between body mass index (BMI) fluctuation and BMI fluctuation rate with cardiovascular stress morbidities in a Caucasian European cohort was evaluated to ascertain the impact of weight cycling.

Methods: A total of 4,312 patients of the Vascular-Metabolic CUN cohort (VMCUN cohort) were examined and followed up during 9.35 years ( ± 4.

Analysis of dermoscopic changes of blue nevi on digital follow-up: A 21-year retrospective cohort study.

Background: Blue nevi are benign dermal melanocytic proliferations that are often easy to recognize clinically. Rarely, these lesions can display atypical features, suggesting the presence of a malignant blue nevus or mimicking cutaneous metastases of melanoma.

Objective: To describe the clinical evolution of blue nevi over time and to assess the need for monitoring these lesions.

-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Enantioselective [3 + 2] Annulation of Enals with Vinyl Ketones.

An unprecedented -heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed enantioselective [3 + 2] annulation of enals with vinyl ketones has been achieved. Unlike chalcones, the β-unsubstituted enones, namely, vinyl ketones, have remained challenging in terms of reactivity, especially enantioselectivity. The disubstituted cyclopentenes were obtained in good yields and excellent stereoselectivities in the presence of Ti(OPr).

Pre-clinical Investigations of Therapeutic Markers Associated with Acute and Chronic Restraint Stress: A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Based Contrast Metabolic Approach.

Stress can be defined by two parameters, first the psychological sensing of pressure and second is the body's response. However, the exposure time to stress depicts the biological response produced against it. The effect of acute and chronic restraint stress on anxiety and the production of systemic metabolites were investigated in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

A RGS7-CaMKII complex drives myocyte-intrinsic and myocyte-extrinsic mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.

Dose-limiting cardiotoxicity remains a major limitation in the clinical use of cancer chemotherapeutics. Here, we describe a role for Regulator of G protein Signaling 7 (RGS7) in chemotherapy-dependent heart damage, the demonstration for a functional role of RGS7 outside of the nervous system and retina. Though expressed at low levels basally, we observed robust up-regulation of RGS7 in the human and murine myocardium following chemotherapy exposure.

Common and Specific Marks of Different Tau Strains Following Intra-Hippocampal Injection of AD, PiD, and GGT Inoculum in hTau Transgenic Mice.

Heterozygous hTau mice were used for the study of tau seeding. These mice express the six human tau isoforms, with a high predominance of 3Rtau over 4Rtau. The following groups were assessed: (i) non-inoculated mice aged 9 months ( = 4); (ii) Alzheimer's Disease (AD)-inoculated mice ( = 4); (iii) Globular Glial Tauopathy (GGT)-inoculated mice ( = 4); (iv) Pick's disease (PiD)-inoculated mice ( = 4); (v) control-inoculated mice ( = 4); and (vi) inoculated with vehicle alone ( = 2).

Acute pancreatitis is characterized by generalized intestinal barrier dysfunction in early stage.

Background And Aims: The role of intestinal-barrier in acute pancreatitis(AP) is poorly understood. We aimed to assess structural and functional changes in the intestinal-barrier in patients with early AP (time from onset<2 weeks) and the effect of enteral nutrition on them.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, patients with early AP not on enteral nutrition were compared with controls for baseline intestinal-permeability(lactulose: mannitol ratio(L:M)), endotoxinemia(serum IgM/IgG anti-endotoxin antibodies), bacterial-translocation(serum bacterial 16S rRNA) and duodenal epithelial tight-junction structure by immunohistochemistry(IHC) for tight-junction proteins(claudin-2,-3,-4, zonula occludens-1(ZO1), junctional adhesion molecule(JAM) and occludin) and electron microscopy.

Drug repurposing toward the inhibition of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of various flaviviruses through computational study.

Numerous pathogens affecting human is present in the flavivirus family namely west nile, dengue, yellow fever, and zika which involves in development of global burden and distressing the environment economically. Till date, no approved drugs are available for targeting these viruses. The threat which urged the identification of small molecules for the inhibition of these viruses is the spreading of serious viral diseases.

Na/K- and Mg-ATPases and Their Interaction with AMPA, NMDA and D Dopamine Receptors in an Animal Model of Febrile Seizures.

Febrile seizures (FS) are one of the most common seizure disorders in childhood which are classified into short and prolonged, depending on their duration. Short FS are usually considered as benign. However, epidemiological studies have shown an association between prolonged FS and temporal lobe epilepsy.