Apolipoprotein E gene in frontotemporal dementia: an association study and meta-analysis.

No definite genetic risk factor of non-monogenic frontotemporal dementia (FTD) has yet been identified. Several groups have examined the potential association of FTD with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, but the results are inconsistent. Our objective was to determine whether APOE is a risk factor of FTD, using the largest series of patients with FTD and controls analysed so far (94 unrelated patients and 392 age and sex-matched controls), and a meta-analysis.

A simple clinical and paraclinical score predictive of CD4 cells counts below 400/mm3 in HIV-infected adults in Dakar University Hospital, Senegal.

In industrialized countries the decision to start co-trimoxazole (CMX) prophylaxis of HIV-related opportunistic infections is based on the CD4+ cell count. The value of CMX prophylaxis has also been demonstrated in Africa, where CD4+ cell counts are rarely available. We therefore developed a simple score predictive of a threshold CD4+ cell count (400/mm3) below which CMX prophylaxis is indicated.

Gastric residue is not more copious in obese patients.

Previous studies have shown that obese patients have a larger volume of gastric content than lean patients do. However, methodological limitations call into question the validity of these findings. We have reexamined this issue and found identical gastric content volumes in fasting obese and lean subjects after an 8-h fast.

[Fungal infections in intensive care units: a cross-survey].

Study Design: Diagnosis and treatment of fungal infections in medical and surgical intensive care units are controversial issues. The aim of the present survey was to assess the management of fungal infections in these units in France.

Material And Methods: Transversal study, by means of questionnaires, in a representative sample of French intensive care units, stratified by region and by status of the center.

Postoperative recovery after desflurane, propofol, or isoflurane anesthesia among morbidly obese patients: a prospective, randomized study.

Unlabelled: Recovery from anesthesia might be compromised in obese patients. Because of its pharmacological properties, desflurane might allow rapid postoperative recovery for these patients. We compared postoperative recovery for 36 obese patients randomized to receive either desflurane, propofol, or isoflurane to maintain anesthesia during laparoscopic gastroplasties.

Effects of Salmonella typhimurium infection and ofloxacin treatment on glucose and glutamine metabolism in Caco-2/TC-7 cells.

The effects of both Salmonella typhimurium infection and 5 mM ofloxacin treatment on 2 mM glutamine and 5 mM glucose metabolism in the enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC-7 cell line were studied. These cells utilized glutamine (212.07 +/- 16.

[Renal cell carcinoma--a current review].

Renal Cell Carcinoma is the third most common malignoma in urology. Only little is known about the etiology and risk factors; the age peak lies at 60 and twice as many men than women are affected. The clinical picture presents with a wide spectrum.

Evaluation of epidermal growth factor receptor, transforming growth factor alpha, epidermal growth factor and c-erbB2 in the progression of invasive bladder cancer.

Introduction: Determination of the risk of invasive bladder tumors progressing is still imprecise due to the heterogeneous biological behavior of this neoplasm. The goals of this study were to evaluate the patterns of expression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) system in invasive bladder cancer and to assess its prognostic value.

Methods: This immunohistochemical study was performed using fresh frozen tumor samples and a panel of monoclonal antibodies on a series of 43 invasive bladder cancers treated by cystectomy.

[Possibilities in drug therapy in prostatic carcinoma].

At the time of diagnosis, about two thirds of all prostate cancers are not organ-confined anymore and, thus, are not eligible for local therapy with curative intention. Drug treatment of these tumors is purely palliative; so far, no survival advantage could be demonstrated. Therefore, the goal of systemic therapy is prevention or palliation of complications such as obstructive symptoms and pain.

[Male-type scleroderma: the role of occupational exposure].

A number of occupational exposure risks have been suspected as potential causes of scleroderma (systemic sclerosis), particularly in males. These include silica dust and numerous organic chemicals. With particular reference to the type of employment, we have reviewed the charts of male scleroderma patients receiving treatment in our Rheumatology Department since 1976.

Preoperative computed tomography for transhiatal esophagectomy.

We report the results of a retrospective evaluation of preoperative chest computed tomography (CT) in 50 consecutive patients with esophageal carcinoma confirmed surgically. Forty patients underwent transhiatal esophagectomy without thoracotomy. In ten cases, blunt dissection of the esophageal carcinoma was impossible because of involvement of an adjacent organ.

Epidemiological typing of Acinetobacter strains by esterase electrophoresis.

Fifty-three strains of Acinetobacter, belonging to the species A baumannii, A. haemolyticus and A. johnsonii, were differentiated by electrophoretic typing of their esterases, on the basis of both the enzyme specific activity profiles and their electrophoretic mobilities.

[Evaluation of the reagent strip method to detect urinary tract infections. In hospital patients].

Asymptomatic urinary tract infections (UTI) are frequent in hospital patients. Two prospective studies were carried out to evaluate the reagent strip method used to detect these infections. The diagnosis of UTI rested on cytobacteriological examination of urine.

[Evaluation of the detection of urinary tract infection by the reagent strip method in hospitalized patients].

Asymptomatic urinary tract infections (UTI) are frequent in hospital patients. Two prospective studies were carried out to evaluate the reagent strip method used to detect these infections. The diagnosis of UTI rested on cytobacteriological examination of urine.

Comparison of tissular disposition of pentamidine mesylate in the rat after aerosol or parenteral administration.

The tissular distribution of pentamidine mesylate (4 mg/kg as free base) after intravenous, intramuscular, and aerosol administration in healthy rats was examined. Pentamidine levels in the plasma, lungs, liver, kidneys, and other organs were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Pentamidine was undetectable in the plasma after day 5.

Correlation between electrophoretic types B1 and B2 of carboxylesterase B and sex of patients in Escherichia coli urinary tract infections.

One hundred and sixty-eight strains of Escherichia coli isolated from 84 men and 84 women who had urinary tract infections (134 cases) or bacteremia of urinary tract origin (34 cases) were assessed for their carboxylesterase B electrophoretic types B1 and B2, alpha-haemolysin production, the presence of mannose resistant haemagglutinin (MRHA) and antibiotic susceptibility. Electrophoretic type B2 was phenotypically linked with alpha-haemolysin and MRHA productions. The strains isolated from males were more frequently of type B2, haemolytic and both haemolytic and haemagglutinating than those isolated from females.

Correlation between electrophoretic types B1 and B2 of carboxylesterase B and host-dependent factors in Escherichia coli septicaemia.

Electrophoretic types B1 and B2 of carboxylesterase B produced by strains of Escherichia coli isolated from 100 septicaemia cases were correlated with alpha-haemolysin and mannose resistant haemagglutinin (MRHA) production and with clinical data including eventual underlying diseases, origin of septicaemia and evolution. Electrophoretic type B2 was phenotypically linked with alpha-haemolysin and MRHA production. The proportion of type B2 isolates varied significantly with occurrence of an underlying illness (45% for patients without an underlying disease and 22% for compromised patients) and with the site of origin of the septicaemia (40% for those of urinary origin and 18% for infection of digestive origin).