Establishment of indicators to improve clinical analysis prescribing patterns.

An appropriate medical analysis prescribing pattern is part of the medical biologists' work as it enhances patient care and reduces costs. In this study, we use four indicators to aim to evaluate the relevance of clinical analysis prescription. We confronted clinical data and medical analysis prescribed in June 2013 in the emergency department (ED) and found that prescriptions were justified in 73% of TnT prescriptions but only in less than 50% of NTproBNP (27%), APTT (37%), PR (33%) or INR (23%) prescriptions.

Quantitative analysis of midface fat compartments mass with ageing and body mass index, anatomical study.

Introduction: Volume restoration is not a new concept in facial rejuvenation. The deep fat compartments would appear to be more greatly subjected to age-related volumetric deflation. However, this view lacks scientific evidence.

Innate danger signals in acute injury: From bench to bedside.

The description of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) as a reaction to numerous insults marked a turning point in the understanding of acute critical states, which are intensive care basic cases. This concept highlighted the final inflammatory response features whichever the injury mechanism is: infectious, or non-infectious such as extensive burns, traumas, major surgery or acute pancreatitis. In these cases of severe non-infectious insult, many endogenous mediators are released.

Estimating the parameters of multi-state models with time-dependent covariates through likelihood decomposition.

Background: Multi-state models become complex when the number of states is large, when back and forth transitions between states are allowed, and when time-dependent covariates are inevitable. However, these conditions are sometimes necessary in the context of medical issues. For instance, they were needed for modelling the future treatments of patients with end-stage renal disease according to age and to various treatments.

From the definition of silicosis at the 1930 Johannesburg conference to the blurred boundaries between pneumoconioses, sarcoidosis, and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP).

The 1930 International Labour Office Conference on silicosis in Johannesburg identified silicosis by setting a medicolegal framework to its nosology: as with other occupational illnesses, its medical content was fixed under economic pressure. This article follows a reading of all the proceedings of this conference (debates and reports of experts) to examine their potential impact on the etiology and nosology of other diseases, specifically sarcoidosis and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), "idiopathic" diseases in which inorganic particles may be involved. We propose renewed study of the role of inorganic particles in these diseases.

Reduction and internal fixation of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures with a locking nail: a prospective study of sixty nine cases.

Purpose: The best treatment for intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus is still debated. The aims of this study were to determine whether intrafocal reduction of thalamic fractures is effective, to evaluate whether a locking nail is able to maintain reduction of the articular surface and to analyse the functional results of this original method.

Methods: This prospective study assessed 69 fractures treated with a locking fracture nail in 63 cases and with primary subtalar fusion in six (Calcanail (®), FH).

[A case of pyeloureteritis cystica: a diagnosis to keep in mind].

The diagnosis of pyeloureteritis cystica is rare. Data from the literature about this disease are limited. Pyeloureteritis cystica is described as a benign inflammatory disease of the urinary tract, resulting from chronic inflammation of the urothelium.

[Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome: case report].

We report the case of an 80-year-old woman with symptomatic postural hypoxaemia caused by a right-to-left shunt through a patent foramen ovale. The hypoxaemia was enhanced by the supine position and disappeared in upright position. Potential mechanisms underlying postural variations of the shunt seemed to be similar to those describe in platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome.

[Epidemiology of burns in France].

As with most traumas, the epidemiology of the "burn" health-event has long been neglected by public health doctors and rarely considered by burns specialists. There were therefore few verified data and many approximations and preconceived ideas. The gathering of information recently undertaken in France enables the reliability of the data to be improved and the diagnostic and demographic elements relating to hospitalised patients with burns to be established.

[Face rehabilitation for post-burn deformities].

Severe post-burn sequelae of the face can result from deep initial burns or inappropriate (initial or secondary) treatment. They still remain a surgical challenge, leading to both aesthetic and functional diseases. The acute treatment is preventive, and usually consists in early split thickness skin grafts from the scalp, while full thickness skin grafts and local flaps are employed for the sequels.

[Analysis of asbestos bodies and nude fibres in the lung parenchyma of operated lung cancers. A retrospective monocentric study of 73 cases].

We report on a study concerning a retrospective monocentric series of 73 lung cancers operated on between July 2004 and December 2009. All patients had a mineralogical analysis of a sample of lung tissue combined with an occupational questionnaire. This combination enables us to suggest a declaration of occupational exposure in almost one third of cases.

[An exceptional cause of pacemaker dysfunction].

Twiddler syndrome is a very rare and surprising complication of pacemaker treatment. We report the case of a woman with psychiatric disease who presented two cardiac arrests due to loss of ventricular capture. Finally, pacemaker retropectoral implantation resolves the problem.

[Surgical issues and outcomes in ischial pressure sores treatment].

Introduction: Ischiatic pressure sores are frequent in spinal cord injury patients, associated with bad prognosis and high recurrence rate. Many surgical techniques were described, including surgical debridement followed by pedicled flap coverage. We aim to propose a practical decision tree for primary or secondary ischial pressure sore treatment.

[Surgical treatment of sequelae of deep breast burns: a 25-year experience].

Introduction: Deep chest burns in prepubescent girl prevent the development of the mammary gland, because scar contracture becomes an inextensible envelope. In adults, scar contracture can deform the breast shape. The aim of this work is to define the interest of tissue expansion in breast reconstruction of prepubescent's and adult's post-burns scars.

[Renal cell carcinoma: antiangiogenic therapies and management of the complications. A case report].

Direct side effects of the inhibition of activation of VEGF receptors are well known and could be easily explained (HTA). The indirect toxicity of the inhibitors of tyrosinekinases is much less known and several hypotheses appear. Usually, the common side effects of the inhibitors of tyrosine-kinases can be easily managed and are reversible when the treatment is stopped.

[Femoral neck fractures in patients over 50 years old].

Introduction: Despite many papers and instructional course lectures, therapeutic guidelines are not clearly defined about treatment of femoral neck fractures. The aim of this multicentric French symposium was to prospectively study the results of current therapeutic options in order to propose scientifically proven options.

Material And Methods: Three prospective studies were carried out in order to answer to these questions: (1) is it possible with anatomical reduction and stable fixation to lower the non union and osteonecrosis rate? (2) is functional treatment of Garden 1 fractures successful in more than 65 years patients? (3) what criteria are useful to choose the kind of arthroplasty for more than 65 years patients?

Results: For the 64 patients between 50 and 65 years old included in the first study, 44 ORIF and 17 prostheses were performed.

[Ambroxol-induced immune hemolytic anemia].

Introduction: Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia is a rare cause of hemolytic anemia.

Case Record: A 68-year-old male patient developed an acute intravascular hemolysis with acute renal failure. Common causes of hemolysis were ruled out and the patient rapidly improved.

[Severe hand burns and flaps: indications].

Deep hand burns often leads to major deformities, involving cosmetic and functional disease as scar contracture, stiffness, or even amputation. Early surgical treatment and rehabilitation are always challenging but crucial in order to prevent burn sequelae. When tendinous, osseous, nervous or vascular component are involved, even hand vitality is engaged: cutaneous, fasciocutaneous, muscular or musculocutaneous flaps are then the only way of salvage for the hand.

[The effect of different factors on the survival of transplanted adipocytes].

Most authors supported the theory of adipocyte survival. The viability of these cells has been demonstrated by various experimental clinical, radiological and biochemical studies. After a review of the literature, the authors report the various factors, which influence the survival of the transplanted adipocytes.

[Historical review of the use of adipose tissue transfer in plastic and reconstructive surgery].

Use of adipose tissue transfer in plastic and reconstructive surgery is not new, and has been the subject of numerous studies. Transfer of autologous adipose tissue was reported for the first time at the end of the 19th century. Ideas and techniques have greatly changed during the last century.

[The organization of burn care].

In 2002, the organisation of burn care is confronted to a great deficiency in burn epidemiological datas. The main mechanisms of hospitalized burns are somehow wellknown in industrialized countries: about 60% scalds and 30% flame burns; as well as the place of occurrence (60% at home, and 20% at work), and the risk groups (3 times more important for the age group 0-4 years old). The incidence of burns needing medical care (all levels) (250/100,000 inh/yr) or hospitalization (15-20/100,000 inh/yr) is much more uncertain.

[The pain from burns].

The painful events associated with the treatment of a severe burn can, because of their long-lasting and repetitive characteristics, be one of the most excruciating experiences in clinical practice. Moreover, burn pain has been shown to be detrimental to burn patients. Although nociception and peripheral hyperalgesia are considered the major causes of burn pain, the study of more hypothetical mechanisms like central hyperalgesia and neuropathic pain may lead to a better understanding of burn pain symptoms and to new therapeutic approaches.