Therapeutic Applications of Oxysterols and Derivatives in Age-Related Diseases, Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, and Cancers.

Oxysterols, resulting from the oxidation of cholesterol, are formed either by autoxidation, enzymatically, or by both processes. These molecules, which are provided in more or less important quantities depending on the type of diet, are also formed in the body and their presence is associated with a normal physiological activity. Their increase and decrease at the cellular level and in biological fluids can have significant consequences on health due or not to the interaction of some of these molecules with different types of receptors but also because oxysterols are involved in the regulation of RedOx balance, cytokinic and non-cytokinic inflammation, lipid metabolism, and induction of cell death.

Quality of Life and Needs in Caregivers: Results From the Prospective Multicentric Open-Label Randomized Study of Informal Caregivers of Elderly Patients.

To assess health-related quality of life (QoL) in caregivers of elderly patients with chronic disabilities receiving, or not receiving, social worker support. This multicenter open-label randomized study assigned caregivers to receive an information booklet, exclusively, or with social worker support. Caregivers completed Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale quarterly, and Zarit Burden Interview each semester, for 24 months.

[Interest of individual breast cancer screening by mammography in women aged over 75 years].

Unlabelled: Organized breast cancer screening in France is recommended for women up to 74 years of age, while the frequency and severity of this cancer increases after 75 years. The aim of this work is to assess the potential benefits of extending organized screening.

Methodology: Retrospective study of a continuous monocentric series of women over 75 having undergone surgery for breast cancer.

[Description of psychomotor disadaptation syndrome or frontal-subcortical dysfunction syndrome].

The psychomotor disadaptation syndrome (PDS) was first described 34 years ago by the geriatric research team from Dijon, France. This syndrome was initially called "psychomotor regression syndrome". It was renamed PDS in the 1990s following considerable advances in the understanding of its pathophysiology and management.

Impact of a Diagnosis-Centered Antibiotic Stewardship on Incident Infections in Older Inpatients: An Observational Study.

In 2015, a major increase in incident hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile infections (HO-CDI) in a geriatric university hospital led to the implementation of a diagnosis-centered antibiotic stewardship program (ASP). We aimed to evaluate the impact of the ASP on antibiotic consumption and on HO-CDI incidence. The intervention was the arrival of a full-time infectiologist in the acute geriatric unit in May 2015, followed by the implementation of new diagnostic procedures for infections associated with an antibiotic withdrawal policy.

[Osteoporosis treatment in patients over 75 years old with fractures living in nursing home].

Objective: Recommendations for the management of major fractures in institutionalized patients over 75 years old were updated by the GRIO (French group for research and information on osteoporosis) in 2012 and in 2018. This study is an evaluation of practices in osteoporosis management in institutionalized old patients.

Methods: Evaluation of diagnostic and therapeutic management in medical observations of all residents over 75 years old with a history of major fracture in 4 nursing homes.

[Quality and determinants of anticoagulation therapy by AVK in elderly subjects: study of a continuous series of 155 patients hospitalized in geriatric medicine].

AVK could be prescribed in elderly patients over 75 years for the prevention of thromboembolic complications of atrial fibrillation (AF). The objective of this study was to study the quality of the anticoagulation balance by AVK and its determinants. Inclusion of all patients ≥ 75 years of age treated with AVK for an AF hospitalized in the acute geriatric department of the University hospital of Dijon.

Identification of resources and skills developed by partners of patients with advanced colon cancer: a qualitative study.

Purpose: Family caregivers play an important role in caring for patients with advanced cancer. To become competent, individuals must draw on and mobilise an adequate combination of resources. Our goal was to identify the skills developed by caregivers of patients with advanced cancer and the associated resources mobilised.

[Evaluation of the prescription of furosemide in persons aged 75years and older in a geriatric acute-care unit].

Introduction: Furosemide is very often prescribed in France. It may cause important adverse effects especially in elderly persons. In order to limit its misuse and excessive expenditure for health insurance organizations, the European Society of Cardiology drafted strict guidelines for its prescription.

Shifts in Key Time Points and Strategies for a Multisegment Motor Task in Healthy Aging Subjects.

In this study, we compared key temporal points in the whole body pointing movement of healthy aging and young subjects. During this movement, subject leans forward from a standing position to reach a target. As it involves forward inclination of the trunk, the movement creates a risk for falling.

[Evaluation of the prescription of proton pump inhibitors in persons aged 75years and older in a geriatric acute-care unit].

Introduction And Objectives: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are widely prescribed in France and could be responsible for adverse drug reactions especially in elderly persons (EP). In order to reduce the misuse of PPI and the excess cost to the Social Security Agency, the French health authorities (Haute Autorité de santé [HAS]) have published strict guidelines for their prescription. We conducted a study in EP to determine the proportion of PPI prescriptions outside HAS guidelines.

Cognitive and imaging markers in non-demented subjects attending a memory clinic: study design and baseline findings of the MEMENTO cohort.

Background: The natural history and disease mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRD) are still poorly understood. Very few resources are available to scrutinise patients as early as needed and to use integrative approaches combining standardised, repeated clinical investigations and cutting-edge biomarker measurements.

Methods: In the nationwide French MEMENTO cohort study, participants were recruited in memory clinics and screened for either isolated subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI; defined as test performance 1.

New Surge of Syphilis among Patients Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Martinique in 2015.

A syphilis outbreak began in Martinique, French Antilles, in 2004, initially among men who had sex with men (MSM) and who were living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The outbreak subsequently affected all groups at risk, leading to a first epidemic peak in 2008. After an initial decrease, the outbreak started growing again in 2014 among patients living with HIV with unprecedented incidence among MSM.

[The seasonal flu vaccination among caregivers in geriatric units: Up-to-date].

Background: Flu vaccinations for healthcare professionals seems to be one of the most effective preventive actions in the face of a disease that carries a high risk of a potentially serious nosocomial epidemic in a geriatric environment. The aim of this study was to take stock of the flu vaccination status among caregivers in the geriatric units and to understand the reasons for their reluctance to be vaccinated, in order to put forward proposals to improve vaccination coverage.

Method: A literature search of articles published since 2000 in the area of geriatrics, infectious diseases or pneumology was mainly conducted on PubMed using the keywords "caregivers", "elderly", "flu", "influenza", "nosocomial" and "vaccination".

Voluntary Imitation in Alzheimer's Disease Patients.

Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) primarily manifests as cognitive deficits, the implicit sensorimotor processes that underlie social interactions, such as automatic imitation, seem to be preserved in mild and moderate stages of the disease, as is the ability to communicate with other persons. Nevertheless, when AD patients face more challenging tasks, which do not rely on automatic processes but on explicit voluntary mechanisms and require the patient to pay attention to external events, the cognitive deficits resulting from the disease might negatively affect patients' behavior. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether voluntary motor imitation, i.

[Digoxin-related leukocytoclastic vasculitis in a very elderly woman: A case report].

Even though digoxin causes many side effects, few cases of skin involvement are recorded in the French Pharmacovigilance Database. We report a case of leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LV) very probably due to digoxin. A 91-year-old woman, hospitalized following a fall, presented cardiac decompensation in a context of rapid atrial fibrillation requiring treatment with digoxin.

[Early rehospitalization of persons aged 75 years or older admitted to a post-emergency general medicine department: Rates and predictive factors].

Introduction: Given the implications of rehospitalization at the individual and societal level, it seems important to identify elderly persons (EP) at risk. We analyzed the predictive factors of early rehospitalization in EP aged 75 years or more hospitalized in a medicine department.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study that included EP aged 75 years or more hospitalized in a polyvalent medical department following an emergency admission.

Age-related socio-economic and geographic disparities in breast cancer stage at diagnosis: a population-based study.

Background: This study aimed to determine the impact of socio-economic and geographic disparities on disease stage at diagnosis according to age in breast cancer (BC) patients. Secondary purpose was to describe survival

Methods: All women with primary invasive BC, diagnosed from 1998 to 2009 in the department of Côte d'Or were retrospectively selected using data from the Côte d'Or BC registry. European transnational ecological deprivation index (French European Deprivation Index) was used to measure the socio-economic environment.

Kinematic analysis of motor strategies in frail aged adults during the Timed Up and Go: how to spot the motor frailty?

Objective: The purpose of this work was to analyze and compare the movement kinematics of sit-to-stand (STS) and back-to-sit (BTS) transfers between frail aged adults and young subjects, as well as to determine the relationship between kinematic changes and functional capacities.

Methods: We analyzed the Timed Up and Go (TUG) movements by using a 3D movement analysis system for real-time balance assessment in frail elderly. Ten frail aged adults (frail group [FG]) and ten young subjects (young group [YG]) performed the TUG.

[Type 2 diabetes in the elderly, which specific features?].

Type 2 diabetes, whose prevalence has increased among elderly aged over 75 years, has a number of specific features which differ from that in young people: heterogeneous population, association with other cardiovascular risk factors and several comorbidities, different therapeutic constraints and risks, and lower life expectancy. By using a standardized geriatric assessment it is possible to determine therapeutic and glycemic goals for each patient. In the elderly, main complications of diabetes are hypoglycemia and foot lesions.

[Walking and ageing].

As we get older, our gait changes insidiously with a tendency for us to walk more slowly, to take shorter strides and to increase the time when both feet are on the ground. Four major factors are most often found interlinked in walking problems in the elderly. Being more aware of them enables healthcare teams to adapt the care provided to elderly patients.

Prognostic factors in stage D heart failure in the very elderly.

Background: The clinical characteristics of frail older patients with advanced heart failure have scarcely been studied.

Objective: To describe this population and to identify some prognostic factors of mortality.

Methods: 104 patients aged 75 years and older hospitalized with refractory heart failure were enrolled in a prospective multicentric study.

[Antidepressant use in demented elderly subjects: current data].

Depression and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) have a significant impact on the worsening of dementia because they increase the cognitive and functional decline and they have a significant impact on the vital prognosis. Physicians should be particularly careful in the use of antidepressants in the elderly, particularly in the frail elderly. Indeed, most studies have included patients aged at least 65 years without frailty criteria, but rarely those aged over 75 years and/or frail.