Metabolic adaptation of myeloid cells in the glioblastoma microenvironment.

In recent decades, immunometabolism in cancers has emerged as an interesting target for treatment development. Indeed, the tumor microenvironment (TME) unique characteristics such as hypoxia and limitation of nutrients availability lead to a switch in metabolic pathways in both tumor and TME cells in order to support their adaptation and grow. Glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, has been extensively studied in multiple aspects regarding its immune population, but research focused on immunometabolism remains limited.

Evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease in patients treated with JAK inhibitors: a MAJIK-SFR cohort study.

Objective: To examine the course of interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA-ILD) in France on treatment with Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) using the MAJIK-SFR registry.

Methods: Prospective national multicentre observational study identifying patients with RA-ILD from the MAJIK-SFR registry. Pulmonary assessment data were collected at JAKi initiation and follow-up visits (6 months, 12 months and a median of 21 months postinclusion), including chest high-resolution CT (HRCT), pulmonary function tests (forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO)), acute exacerbations of ILD, respiratory infections and lung cancers.

Achievements, priorities and strategies in pediatric nephrology in Europe: need for unifying approaches or acceptance of differences?

Background: There is a lack of information on the current healthcare systems for children with kidney diseases across Europe. The aim of this study was to explore the different national approaches to the organization and delivery of pediatric nephrology services within Europe.

Methods: In 2020, the European society for Paediatric Nephrology (ESPN) conducted a cross-sectional survey to identify the existing pediatric nephrology healthcare systems in 48 European countries covering a population of more than 200 million children.

Effects of linear versus curvilinear sprint training on multidirectional speed in young soccer players: a randomized parallel-group trial.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of linear sprint training (LST) compared to curvilinear sprint training (CST) using an equivalent session training volume, on linear (LS) and curvilinear (CS) sprint performance, horizontal force-velocity profile, and change of direction (COD) ability in young soccer players. In a randomized pre-post parallel-group trial design, nineteen U16 male soccer players were randomly assigned to LST (n = 9) and CST (n = 10) groups. Both groups performed 11 sprint training sessions over 6 weeks.

Same-day discharge strategy in a heart rhythm management clinic: The patient-reported experience.

Background: Same-day discharge (SDD) has been adopted for interventional cardiology procedures, however, data on patient experience are scarce.

Aims: To investigate patient-reported experience after various SDD electrophysiology procedures.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing electrophysiology procedures, who fulfilled pre-defined eligibility criteria for SDD, completed the questionnaire before discharge.

Antipsychotic use during pregnancy and outcomes in pregnant individuals and newborns.

Background: Despite the increasing use of antipsychotics during pregnancy, comprehensive evaluations of their individual safety profiles using global data remain limited. This study aimed to assess the safety of various antipsychotics during pregnancy by comparing them to quetiapine, which has a relatively large body of safety data.

Method: Utilizing the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database (1967-2023; n = 131,255,418 reports), we identified 11,406 reports of antipsychotic exposure during pregnancy.

Body mass index affects imatinib exposure: Real-world evidence from TDM with adaptive dosing.

Background: Imatinib is the treatment of elderly or frail patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Trough levels of around 1000 ng/ml are considered as the target exposure.

Objectives: We searched for baseline parameters associated with imatinib pharmacokinetics, and studied the clinical impact of subsequent adaptive dosing.

Reliability of an electronic uterine diagram to standardize intrauterine adhesion scoring.

Study Objective: To study the inter-rater reliability of an electronic complementary uterine diagram (eAFS) in comparison to the conventional American Fertility Society intrauterine adhesions (IUA) scoring system (cAFS). As a secondary aim we wanted to assess the intra-rater reliability of these tools.

Design: This was an observational cross over study with a nested test re-test design.

FB5P-seq-mAbs: monoclonal antibody production from FB5P-seq libraries for integrative single-cell analysis of B cells.

Parallel analysis of phenotype, transcriptome and antigen receptor sequence in single B cells is a useful method for tracking B cell activation and maturation during immune responses. However, in most cases, the specificity and affinity of the B cell antigen receptor cannot be inferred from its sequence. Antibody cloning and expression from single B cells is then required for functional assays.

EZH2 deletion does not impact acinar regeneration but restricts progression to pancreatic cancer in mice.

Enhancer of Zeste Homologue 2 (EZH2) is part of the Polycomb Repressor Complex 2, which promotes trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3) and genes repression. EZH2 is overexpressed in many cancers and studies in mice attributed both pro-oncogenic and tumor suppressive functions to EZH2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). EZH2 deletion enhances de novo KRAS-driven neoplasia following pancreatic injury, while increased EZH2 expression in PDAC patients is correlated to poor prognosis, suggesting a context-dependant effect for EZH2 in PDAC progression.

Parallel single-cell metabolic analysis and extracellular vesicle profiling reveal vulnerabilities with prognostic significance in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive disease with a high relapse rate. In this study, we map the metabolic profile of CD34(CD38) AML cells and the extracellular vesicle signatures in circulation from AML patients at diagnosis. CD34 AML cells display high antioxidant glutathione levels and enhanced mitochondrial functionality, both associated with poor clinical outcomes.

Transamination of Zwitterionic Quinones with Polyamines: The Carbon Bridge Matters.

The one-pot transamination reactions on a zwitterionic benzoquinonemonoimine yield either a quinoxaline derivative or bis-zwitterionic macrocycles, depending on the number of carbon atoms bridging primary polyamines. These latter products, featuring two confined donor cavities, are the result of a [2 + 2] condensation without the need for template effect or high dilution conditions.

Fumagillin Shortage: How to Treat Microsporidiosis in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients in 2024?

Unlabelled: Intestinal microsporidiosis caused by is an opportunistic infection that especially affects solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Management revolves around tapering the immunosuppressive regimen and/or using a specific anti-microsporidia treatment, but only fumagillin has demonstrated efficacy for treatment of this infection. Since fumagillin has been commercially discontinued, nitazoxanide is increasingly being used in this indication.

SMCHD1 genetic variants in type 2 facioscapulohumeral dystrophy and challenges in predicting pathogenicity and disease penetrance.

The molecular diagnosis of type 1 facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD1) relies on the detection of a shortened D4Z4 array at the 4q35 locus. Until recently, the diagnosis of FSHD2 relied solely on the absence of a shortened D4Z4 allele in clinically affected patients. It is now established that most FSHD2 cases carry a heterozygous variant in the SMCHD1 gene.

Hematopoietic stem cell a reservoir of innate immune memory.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a rare, long-lived and multipotent population that give rise to majority of blood cells and some tissue-resident immune cells. There is growing evidence that inflammatory stimuli can trigger persistent reprogramming in HSCs that enhances or inhibits the cellular functions of these HSCs and their progeny in response to subsequent infections. This newly discovered property makes HSCs a reservoir for innate immune memory.

A French Multicenter Real-Life Study on the Biological and Clinical Parameters Associated With Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) in Second-Line Treatment of Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: Impact of Antibiotics Administration at the Time of ICIs Initiation.

Background: After failure of first-line chemotherapy, standard of care for advanced urothelial cancer (aUC) is immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Several prognostic models (Bajorin and Bellmunt scores) have been evaluated, but only in the context of chemotherapy.

Objective: To study whether the variables in these scores and new emerging clinical and biological criteria have an impact on the probability of objective response in aUC treated with ICIs in 2nd-line setting and beyond.

Efficacy and Safety of Bintrafusp Alfa, a Bifunctional Fusion Protein Targeting Transforming Growth Factor-β and Programmed Death-Ligand 1, Plus Chemotherapy in Patients With Stage IV NSCLC.

Introduction: In a phase 1 study, bintrafusp alfa was found to have an encouraging clinical activity in patients with previously treated advanced NSCLC. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of bintrafusp alfa with chemotherapy in patients with stage IV NSCLC regardless of the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression status.

Methods: In this open-label, phase 1b/2 study (NCT03840915), eligible patients were assigned to one of four cohorts.

Long-Term Clinical and Biological Prognostic Factors of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in Children.

Background And Objectives: Anti-NMDAR encephalitis (NMDARE) is a severe neurologic condition, and recently, the NMDAR Encephalitis One-Year Functional Status (NEOS) score has emerged as a 1-year prognostic tool. This study aimed to evaluate NEOS score and biomarker (neurofilament light chains [NfL], total-Tau protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and serum cytokines) correlation with modified Rankin Scale (mRS), cognitive impairment, and clinical recovery in pediatric NMDARE over 2 years.

Methods: In this French multicenter observational study, 104 pediatric patients with NMDARE were followed for a minimum of 2 years.

STING-Activating Polymers Boost Lymphatic Delivery of mRNA Vaccine to Potentiate Cancer Immunotherapy.

The unprecedented success of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 has inspired scientists to develop mRNA vaccines for cancer immunotherapy. However, using nucleoside modified mRNA as vaccine, though evading innate immune toxicity, diminishes its therapeutic efficacy for cancers. Here, we report a polyvalent stimulator of interferon genes (STING) activating polymer (termed as PD) to bolster the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccine.

Centromedullary nailing during the second stage of induced membrane (Masquelet) for tibia septic nonunion enables bone union to be achieved without increasing the risk of recurrence of infection, with an earlier return to weight-bearing.

Introduction: Septic nonunion is one of the most feared complications in traumatology. Two-stage management using the induced membrane technique is a validated treatment option, but to date there is no consensus on the ideal type of osteosynthesis for the second stage of surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the results of two-stage treatment of tibial septic nonunion, depending on the type of osteosynthesis used.