Changes in thoracic erector spinae regional activation during postural adjustments and functional reaching tasks after spinal cord injury.

Many individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) exhibit reduced volitional control of trunk muscles, such as impaired voluntary contractions of the erector spinae (ES), due to damage to the neural pathways regulating sensorimotor function. Studies using conventional bipolar electromyography (EMG) showed alterations in the overall, or global, activation of the trunk muscles in people with SCI. However, how activation varied across specific regions within the ES, referred to as regional activation, remains unknown.

Recommendations for long-term follow-up care of secondary health conditions in spinal cord injury/disorder: a systematic review.

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review is to provide an overview of published follow-up care programs of primary and secondary health conditions (SHCs) in spinal cord injury/disorder (SCI/D) and spina bifida and describe recommendations on content, frequency, setting of follow-up care programs for persons with SCI/D and spina bifida.

Methods: According to the sequence of procedures of the AWMF (Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany) a systematic literature search was performed (in PubMed, Cochrane Library and nine additional databases for guidelines) between 5 September 2019 and 22 September 2019. Publications (Jan.

Evidence based clinical practice guideline for follow-up care in persons with spinal cord injury.

Introduction: While it is well-established that follow-up care programs play a crucial role in preventing and early detecting secondary health conditions (SHCs) in persons with spinal cord injury [SCI, including spina bifida (SB)], the availability of evidence-based follow-up care programs remains limited. Under the leadership of the German-speaking Medical Society for Paraplegiology (DMGP), we have developed an evidence based clinical practice guideline for follow-up care of SHCs in persons with SCI and identify research gaps.

Methods: This guideline was developed in accordance with the regulations of the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF e.

Psychological Screening, Standards and Spinal Cord Injury: Introducing Change in NHS England Commissioned Services.

Psychologist resourcing across the United Kingdom (UK) spinal cord injury centres (SCICs) varies considerably, which has detrimentally impacted standardising service provision for people with spinal cord injuries/disorders (PwSCI/D) compared with other nations. This paper presents the outcome of a project involving the Spinal Cord Injury Psychology Advisory Group (SCIPAG) and NHS England Clinical Reference Group/SCI transformation groups to agree upon screening and standards and shares data from the National Spinal Injuries Centre (NSIC) and the Yorkshire and Midlands Regional SCICs. Inpatients completed the GAD-7, the PHQ-9, and the short form of the Appraisals of DisAbility: Primary and Secondary Scale (ADAPSSsf), assessing adjustment.

Home-based arm cycling exercise improves trunk control in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury: an observational study.

Arm cycling is used for cardiorespiratory rehabilitation but its therapeutic effects on the neural control of the trunk after spinal cord injury (SCI) remain unclear. We investigated the effects of single session of arm cycling on corticospinal excitability, and the feasibility of home-based arm cycling exercise training on volitional control of the erector spinae (ES) in individuals with incomplete SCI. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation, we assessed motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in the ES before and after 30 min of arm cycling in 15 individuals with SCI and 15 able-bodied controls (Experiment 1).

Individual's experiences of adjusting to changes in body image after spinal cord injury: a literature review and thematic synthesis.

Purpose: To understand how individuals experience and adjust to changes in body image after spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: A systematic search using four databases identified eleven articles that met the inclusion criteria. The studies were critically appraised to determine quality.

Investigation of the blood proteome in response to spinal cord injury in rodent models.

Study Design: Explanatory and mechanistic study.

Objectives: A better understanding of the 'whole-body' response following spinal cord injury (SCI) is needed to guide future research aimed at developing novel therapeutic interventions and identifying prognostic indicators for SCI. This study aimed to characterise the blood proteome following contusion or complete SCI compared to a sham injury in rat models.

Can clinical and urodynamic parameters predict the occurrence of neutralizing antibodies in therapy failure of intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxin A injections in patients with spinal cord injury?

Background: The aim of the study was to clarify whether clinical and/or urodynamic parameters could be used to infer the probability of neutralizing antibody (NAb) formation as a possible cause of therapy failure (non-response, NR) in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) due to acquired spinal cord injury/disease (SCI/D) treated with intradetrusor botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) injections.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of all patients with SCI/D who underwent both intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxin A injections and the determination of neutralizing antibodies against BoNT-A between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2018. NR was defined as urodynamically confirmed persistent or reappearing NDO.

Women's experiences of sexuality after spinal cord injury: a UK perspective.

Study Design: Cross-sectional phenomenological qualitative study.

Objectives: To investigate women's experience of sexuality after spinal cord injury (SCI) with a focus on rehabilitation and manging practical impact.

Setting: Women with SCI living in the community in United Kingdom (UK).

Traumatic spinal injury and spinal cord injury: point for active physiological conservative management as compared to surgical management.

The controversy about surgical vs conservative treatment of the injured spine with cord damage is centuries old. Until the end of the Second World War the majority of patients died or lived a short miserable life. Subsequently, Guttmann, an experienced neurosurgeon, realised surgery was not beneficial and sometimes detrimental to the person with spinal cord injury.

Discontinuous ventilator weaning of patients with acute SCI.

Study Design: Retrospective, single centre cohort study.

Objectives: To determine factors associated with ventilator weaning success and failure in patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI); determine length of time and attempts required to wean from the ventilator successfully and determine the incidence of pneumonia.

Setting: BG Klinikum Hamburg, Level 1 trauma centre, SCI Department, Germany.

Use of antibiotics and the prevalence of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in patients with spinal cord injuries: an international, multi-centre study.

Background: Little is known about the use of antibiotics and the extent of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD) in patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs).

Aims: To record the use of antibiotics, establish the prevalence of AAD and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), and assess if there was any seasonal variation in antibiotic use and incidence of AAD in patients with SCIs.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in six European SCI centres between October 2014 and June 2015.

Spinal cord injuries: overcoming barriers to seamless care for patients.

Patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) often have complex needs that require multidisciplinary support in specialist centres. Optimal management depends on seamless transitions between service providers. Delays at any point potentially compromise clinical outcomes and efficient resource utilisation.

The developing landscape of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for spinal cord injury in cerebrospinal fluid and blood.

Study Design: Review study.

Objectives: The identification of prognostic biomarkers of spinal cord injury (SCI) will help to assign SCI patients to the correct treatment and rehabilitation regimes. Further, the detection of biomarkers that predict permanent neurological outcome would aid in appropriate recruitment of patients into clinical trials.

MRI of inflammatory spondyloarthropathy following traumatic cauda equina syndrome.

Background Context: Spondyloarthropathy has been described radiographically in patients following paralysis from spinal cord trauma. Onset of these findings after cauda equina syndrome have not been reported previously. Furthermore, the magnetic resonance documentation of its early evolution has not been recorded.

Spinal cord injury complicating a thoracolumbar selective nerve root block in a deformed spine: neurological and functional outcome.

Study Design: A case report of a female patient who sustained injury to the thoracic spinal cord as a direct result of thoracolumbar selective nerve root block.

Objective: To raise the awareness that selective nerve root infiltration, a very common procedure in a pre-existing deformity, may cause injury to the spinal cord with dire consequences, albeit rarely.

Case Report: An 82-year-old retired nurse (who had sustained osteoporotic compression fractures of the T12 vertebra) who presented with a 2-year history of continuous low back pain following a fall into a pothole.

An international age- and gender-controlled model for the Spinal Cord Injury Ability Realization Measurement Index (SCI-ARMI).

Background. A quadratic formula of the Spinal Cord Injury Ability Realization Measurement Index (SCI-ARMI) has previously been published. This formula was based on a model of Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM95), the 95th percentile of the SCIM III values, which correspond with the American Spinal Injury Association Motor Scores (AMS) of SCI patients.

Spinal motor neurite outgrowth over glial scar inhibitors is enhanced by coculture with bone marrow stromal cells.

Background Context: Transplantation of bone marrow cells into spinal cord lesions promotes functional recovery in animal models, and recent clinical trials suggest possible recovery also in humans. The mechanisms responsible for these improvements are still unclear.

Purpose: To characterize spinal cord motor neurite interactions with human bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) in an in vitro model of spinal cord injury (SCI).

To cystoscope or not to cystoscope patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries managed with indwelling urethral or suprapubic catheters? That is the question!

Study Design: Retrospective review of findings during cystourethroscopic surveillance of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with indwelling urethral catheters (IUC) and suprapubic catheters (SPC) monitored between January 2003 and December 2008.

Objectives: To audit and compare findings between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients and between SPC and IUC population. To systematically review the literature including the recent National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidelines on cystoscopic surveillance.

Long-term follow-up study of outcomes of bladder management in spinal cord injury patients under the care of the Midlands Centre for Spinal Injuries in Oswestry.

Study Design: Retrospective longitudinal study of short- and long-term urinary complications in chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) patients managed at the Midlands Centre for Spinal Injuries (MCSI).

Setting: MCSI, Oswestry, UK.

Method: A total of 185 SCI patients were admitted to the MCSI between 1984 and 1989.

Concise review: Bone marrow for the treatment of spinal cord injury: mechanisms and clinical applications.

Transplantation of bone marrow stem cells into spinal cord lesions enhances axonal regeneration and promotes functional recovery in animal studies. There are two types of adult bone marrow stem cell; hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The mechanisms by which HSCs and MSCs might promote spinal cord repair following transplantation have been extensively investigated.

An exploration of cognitive appraisals following spinal cord injury.

This study explored the cognitive appraisals that people make following spinal cord injury (SCI) about their situation and their ability to cope with it. Appraisals are thought to be important in determining individual responses to different events and have been shown to predict psychological well-being following injury. A cross-sectional interview study was used.