Association of Craniofacial Skeletal and Soft Tissue Characteristics With Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Age-specific and BMI-specific Patient Groups.

Purpose: To identify the key craniofacial anatomic characteristics associated with the prevalence of severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patient cohorts stratified by age and body mass index (BMI).

Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Beijing Anzhen Hospital Center for Sleep Medicine and Science between December 2023 and March 2024. Patients suspected of having OSA underwent overnight polysomnography, along with computed tomography scans of the head and neck, to evaluate the skeletal and soft tissue characteristics.

Thermal Cameras for Continuous and Contactless Respiration Monitoring.

Continuous respiration monitoring is an important tool in assessing the patient's health and diagnosing pulmonary, cardiovascular, and sleep-related breathing disorders. Various techniques and devices, both contact and contactless, can be used to monitor respiration. Each of these techniques can provide different types of information with varying accuracy.

Initial evaluation of 4-palmitoyloxy butyrate in whole blood as potential biomarker after γ-hydroxybutyric acid intake.

The problem of finding a suitable biomarker to widen the detection window of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) intake remains a challenge in forensic toxicology. Based on previously published results, the present study deals with the evaluation of a fatty acid ester of GHB (4-palmitoyloxy butyrate (GHB-Pal)) in whole blood as a potential biomarker to extend the detection window of GHB use e.g.

The effect of sulthiame on potential biomarkers in moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common disease with breathing disturbances during sleep. Sulthiame (STM), a carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor, was recently shown to reduce OSA in a significant proportion of patients. CA activity and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α are two potential biomarkers reported in severe OSA and hypoxia.

Does sleep quality mediate the association between post-traumatic stress disorder symptom severity and pain interference in trauma-affected refugees?

Poor sleep quality is well recognised in both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and pain conditions. Comorbid chronic pain is prevalent in populations with PTSD and is believed to maintain symptoms of PTSD and increase the complexity of the condition. Ongoing diminished sleep quality may serve to maintain pain and PTSD symptoms, and thus affect the efficacy of first-line PTSD treatment.

Psychiatric comorbidity in Danish patients with narcolepsy type 1, narcolepsy type 2, and idiopathic hypersomnia: a case-control study.

Study Objectives: To examine the difference in psychiatric comorbidity of Danish patients with Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), Narcolepsy type 2 (NT2), and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH).

Methods: Polysomnography (PSG), Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT), and lumbar puncture were performed on 505 patients referred to a sleep clinic for diagnostic evaluation of hypersomnia. Diagnosis, clinical characteristics, electrophysiologic data, and cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 (Csf-Hcrt-1) results were retrieved.

Prognostic efficacy of non-invasive ventilation in patients with overlap syndrome: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnea.

Background: Limited evidence exists regarding the effects of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) on the prognosis of patients with concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), also known as overlap syndrome (OS). This study aimed to assess whether NIV alongside standard care could improve the prognosis of this cohort.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from 229 patients with severe OS treated in Beijing Anzhen Hospital between January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2020, with follow-up until December 1, 2023.

Longer-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA)-related healthcare: a province-based study.

Rationale: Following marked reductions in sleep medicine care early in the COVID-19 pandemic, there is limited information about the recovery of these services. We explored long-term trends in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) health services and service backlogs during the pandemic compared with pre-pandemic levels in Ontario (the most populous province of Canada).

Methods: In this retrospective population-based study using Ontario (Canada) health administrative data on adults, we compared rates of polysomnograms (PSGs), outpatient visits and positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy purchase claims during the pandemic (March 2020 to December 2022) to pre-pandemic rates (2015-2019).

When the Clock Strikes A-fib.

Within the broad spectrum of atrial fibrillation (AF) symptomatology, there is a striking subset of patients with predominant or even solitary nocturnal onset of the arrhythmia. This review covers AF with nocturnal onset, with the aim of defining this distinctive subgroup among patients with AF. A periodicity analysis is provided showing a clear increased onset between 10:00 pm and 7:00 am.

The timing of sleep spindles is modulated by the respiratory cycle in humans.

Objective: Coupling of sleep spindles with cortical slow waves and hippocampus sharp-waves ripples is crucial for sleep-related memory consolidation. Recent literature evidenced that nasal respiration modulates neural activity in large-scale brain networks. In rodents, this respiratory drive strongly varies according to vigilance states.

Evaluating routine blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples in narcolepsy patients.

Cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 is proven to be a precise diagnostic marker of narcolepsy Type 1 (NT1). However other characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid and blood parameters have not yet been described. The objective of this study was to evaluate the differences in routine blood and cerebrospinal fluid analyses between NT1 patients and patients suspected of hypersomnia.

Effectiveness of remote monitoring in improving CPAP compliance and the impact of preexisting organisation of standard care: a randomised controlled trial.

Unlabelled: PURPOSE   : Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is often the treatment of choice for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Short-term adherence and early perceived benefits are the best predictors of long-term adherence. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of telemonitoring in the first period of treatment with CPAP (auto-titrating PAP) on compliance and the long-term outcome.

Central sleep apnoea: not just one phenotype.

Recent scientific findings in the field of sleep disordered breathing have characterised a variety of phenotypes in obstructive sleep apnoea. These findings have prompted investigations aiming to achieve a more precise differentiation and description of the entities of central sleep apnoea (CSA). There is increasing evidence for the heterogeneity of CSA in terms of underlying aetiology, pathophysiological concepts, treatment response and outcome.

Evolutionary trajectories of small cell lung cancer under therapy.

The evolutionary processes that underlie the marked sensitivity of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) to chemotherapy and rapid relapse are unknown. Here we determined tumour phylogenies at diagnosis and throughout chemotherapy and immunotherapy by multiregion sequencing of 160 tumours from 65 patients. Treatment-naive SCLC exhibited clonal homogeneity at distinct tumour sites, whereas first-line platinum-based chemotherapy led to a burst in genomic intratumour heterogeneity and spatial clonal diversity.

Positive airway pressure telehealth models and long-term therapy termination: a healthcare database analysis.

Background: Telemonitoring-guided interventions can improve short-term positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy adherence, but long-term effects are unknown. This study investigated long-term PAP therapy termination in patients with sleep apnoea managed with standard care, telemonitoring-guided proactive care or telemonitoring-guided proactive care + patient engagement tool.

Methods: German healthcare provider data were analysed retrospectively.

Sleepiness should be reinvestigated through the lens of clinical neurophysiology: A mixed expertal and big-data Natural Language Processing approach.

Historically, the field of sleep medicine has revolved around electrophysiological tools. However, the use of these tools as a neurophysiological method of investigation seems to be underrepresented today, from both international recommendations and sleep centers, in contrast to behavioral and psychometric tools. The aim of this article is to combine a data-driven approach and neurophysiological and sleep medicine expertise to confirm or refute the hypothesis that neurophysiology has declined in favor of behavioral or self-reported dimensions in sleep medicine for the investigation of sleepiness, despite the use of electrophysiological tools.

Objective evaluation of excessive daytime sleepiness.

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is multifactorial. It combines, among other things, an excessive propensity to fall asleep ("physiological sleepiness") and a continuous non-imperative sleepiness (or drowsiness/hypo-arousal) leading to difficulties remaining awake and maintaining sustained attention and vigilance over the long term ("manifest sleepiness"). There is no stand-alone biological measure of EDS.

From physiological awakening to pathological sleep inertia: Neurophysiological and behavioural characteristics of the sleep-to-wake transition.

Sleep inertia refers to the transient physiological state of hypoarousal upon awakening, associated with various degrees of impaired neurobehavioral performance, confusion, a desire to return to sleep and often a negative emotional state. Scalp and intracranial electro-encephalography as well as functional imaging studies have provided evidence that the sleep inertia phenomenon is underpinned by an heterogenous cerebral state mixing local sleep and local wake patterns of activity, at the neuronal and network levels. Sleep inertia is modulated by homeostasis and circadian processes, sleep stage upon awakening, and individual factors; this translates into a huge variability in its intensity even under physiological conditions.

Association between sleep apnea-specific hypoxic burden and severity of coronary artery disease.

Purpose: Sleep apnea-specific hypoxic burden (SASHB) is a polysomnographic metric that comprehensively measures the degree of nocturnal desaturation caused by obstructive sleep apnea. This research was conducted to elucidate the relationship between SASHB and coronary artery disease (CAD) severity.

Methods: We carried out a prospective study of hospitalized patients with CAD of unstable angina who were expected to undergo invasive coronary angiography at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from February to September 2023.

Impaired post-sleep apnea autonomic arousals in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Objective: Sudden and unexpected deaths in epilepsy (SUDEP) pathophysiology may involve an interaction between respiratory dysfunction and sleep/wake state regulation. We investigated whether patients with epilepsy exhibit impaired sleep apnea-related arousals.

Methods: Patients with drug-resistant (N = 20) or drug-sensitive (N = 20) epilepsy and obstructive sleep apnea, as well as patients with sleep apnea but without epilepsy (controls, N = 20) were included.

The Role of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy-A National Register-Based Study.

Introduction: we investigated the association between OSA and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR).

Methods: we used three nationwide registers to identify subjects with and without OSA and patients with type 1 (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The Danish Civil Registration System was used to link OSA with diabetes diagnosis.