Neonatal Vitamin D and Associations with Longitudinal Changes of Eczema up to 25 Years of Age.

Background: Early-life vitamin D is a potentially modifiable risk factor for the development of eczema, but there is a lack of data on longitudinal associations.

Method: We measured 25(OH)D3 levels from neonatal dried blood spots in 223 high-allergy-risk children. Latent class analysis was used to define longitudinal eczema phenotype up to 25 years (4 subclasses).

The matter of grief, loss and bereavement in families of those living and dying in residential aged care setting: A systematic review.

The grief, loss and bereavement needs of the families of those living and dying in residential aged care setting is not very well understood. This systematic review examines grief, loss, and bereavement experience of, and interventions relating to, family caregivers of those entering, living and dying in residential aged care. Out of 2023 papers that were identified, 35 met the inclusion criteria which included (n=28) qualitative and (n=7) quantitative intervention studies.

COVID-19 experience of people with severe mental health conditions and families in South Africa.

Background: People with severe mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia, and their family caregivers are underserved in low- and middle-income countries where structured psychosocial support in the community is often lacking. This can present challenges to recovery and for coping with additional strains, such as a pandemic.

Aim: This study explored the experiences and coping strategies of people with lived experience of a severe mental health condition, and family caregivers, in South Africa during the initial stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Economic impact of informal caring for a person with arthritis in Australia from 2015 to 2030: a microsimulation approach using national survey data.

Objectives: To estimate the economic burden of informal caregivers not in the labour force (NILF) due to caring for a person with arthritis in Australia, with projections of these costs from 2015 to 2030.

Design: Static microsimulation modelling using national survey data.

Setting: Australia nationwide survey.

Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic: The importance of physician leadership in responding to rural community ecosystem disruptions.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic presented an unprecedented challenge for rural family physicians. The lessons learned over the course of 2 years have potential to help guide responses to future ecosystem disruption. This qualitative study aims to explore the leadership experiences of rural Canadian family physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic as both local care providers and community health leaders and to identify potential supports and barriers to physician leadership.

Fast-track interventions for HIV and AIDS epidemic control among key populations: A rapid review.

Background: Targeted interventions for key populations remain critical for realisation of epidemic control for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection because of the causal relationship between HIV infection in the general population and among key population groups.

Aim: To consolidate evidence on the fast-track interventions towards achieving HIV epidemic control among key populations.

Methods: A rapid scoping review was conducted using the methodological framework by Arksey and O' Malley.

Reflecting on 12 years of training medical students in rural longitudinal integrated clerkships.

Longitudinal integrated clerkships (LICs) are effective in promoting careers in rural primary health care environments. This model of training medical professionals involves longer clinical placements of medical students and a different approach to learning which better prepares them for primary health care practice. Stellenbosch University created a LIC in 2011 for this purpose and has trained almost 100 doctors in their yearlong LIC since then.

An International Competency Framework for High-Quality Workforce Development in Integrated Care (IC): A Modified Delphi Study Among Global Participants.

Introduction: There have been increasing calls in the literature recommending training in integrated care (IC) for health and social care professionals. Although studies have focused on different stakeholders' perceptions of education and training, there is no consistent definition of the key competencies or approach to implementing these competencies among health and social care providers. This study used a modified Delphi consensus-building method with global panellists with experience in delivering and designing training in IC to ascertain which competencies are important in an international framework guiding workforce development in IC.

Prevalence of technology and connectivity issues in general practices in rural New South Wales and their impact on staff capability to perform their job.

Objective: To identify the technology and connectivity issues in rural and remote general practices, and the factors independently associated with these issues that negatively impact staff's capability to perform their job.

Methods: An annual cross-sectional survey of rural and remote general practice managers. Dependent variables included demographic data, practice size, geographic location, connection type and frequency of connectivity issues.

Implementation of a day-stay joint replacement pathway in an Australian regional public hospital: A descriptive study.

Objective: To describe the implementation, feasibility and safety of a day-stay joint replacement pathway in a regional public hospital in Australia.

Method: Over a 12-month pilot period, a prospective descriptive analysis of consecutive patients undergoing total knee and hip arthroplasty was conducted. The number of eligible day-stay patients, proportion of successful same-day discharges and reasons for same-day failure to discharge were recorded.

Breast cancer screening motivation and behaviours of women aged over 75 years: a scoping review.

Background: This scoping review aimed to identify and present the evidence describing key motivations for breast cancer screening among women aged ≥ 75 years. Few of the internationally available guidelines recommend continued biennial screening for this age group. Some suggest ongoing screening is unnecessary or should be determined on individual health status and life expectancy.

Therapeutic radiographer prescribing practices in the United Kingdom: Questionnaire survey.

Introduction: Non-medical professionals in the United Kingdom (UK) have been granted prescribing rights to improve patient care quality and cost-effectiveness. There is limited evidence on how therapeutic radiographer prescribers have impacted medicine management or patient services.

Methods: An online survey was conducted amongst non-medical prescribing therapeutic radiographers in the UK between 2019 and 2022.

It's OK to Move! Effect of a Brief Video on Community Confidence in Activity Despite Back Pain: A Randomized Trial.

To estimate the difference in confidence to become active despite low back pain in people who were exposed to one of 2 video interventions delivered on social media, compared to no intervention. A proof-of-concept, 3-group randomized controlled trial, in a 1:1:1 ratio. Participants aged 18 years and over, with and without low back pain, were recruited via the social media channel Facebook, to view either a humorous video, a neutral video, or to no intervention.

Handle with Care: Transformative Learning as Pedagogy in an Under-Resourced Health Care Context.

 A significant component of health professions education is focussed on students' exposure to the social determinants of health and the challenges that patients within the health care system face. An appropriate way to provide such exposure is through distributed clinical training. This usually entails students training in smaller groups along the continuum of care, away from tertiary academic hospitals.

The valproate prescription pattern for female mental healthcare users of reproductive age.

Background: Sodium valproate (valproate) that is used both as an anti-epileptic and a mood stabiliser is teratogenic in pregnancy. A Dear Health Care Professional Letter (DHCPL) issued in December 2015 recommended the avoidance of sodium valproate prescription in women of childbearing age (WOCBA) and pregnant women.

Aim: This study aimed to describe the prescription pattern of valproate in female mental healthcare users (MHCUs).

Identifying barriers and facilitators to primary care practitioners implementing health assessments for people with intellectual disability: a Theoretical Domains Framework-informed scoping review.

Introduction: People with intellectual disability experience poorer health outcomes compared with the general population, partly due to the difficulties of accessing preventive care in primary care settings. There is good evidence that structured annual health assessments can enhance quality of care for people with intellectual disability, and their use has become recommended policy in several high-income countries. However, uptake remains low.

Short waits, happy patients and expert care, moving basic musculoskeletal care from the emergency department to a physiotherapist-led diversion pathway.

Objective: Patients with musculoskeletal conditions (MSKCs) are highly prevalent in ED. This project explores the impact of the pilot phase of a 'diversion pathway', which directed patients with MSKCs from the ED waiting room to an outpatient clinic led by advanced-scope physiotherapists.

Methods: A prospective intervention study comparing care outcomes between patients in the 'diversion pathway' with usual ED care.

Heterogeneous effects of hospital competition on inpatient quality: an analysis of five common diseases in China.

Background: Many countries has introduced pro-competition policies in the delivery of healthcare to improve medical quality, including China. With the increasing intensity of competition in China's healthcare market, there are rising concerns among policymakers about the impact of hospital competition on quality. This study investigated heterogeneous effects of hospital competition on inpatient quality.

Storylines of family medicine IV: perspectives on practice-lenses of appreciation.

is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine, as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the world. In 'IV: perspectives on practice-lenses of appreciation', authors address the following themes: 'Relational connections in the doctor-patient partnership', 'Feminism and family medicine', 'Positive family medicine', 'Mindful practice', 'The new, old ethics of family medicine', 'Public health, prevention and populations', 'Information mastery in family medicine' and 'Clinical courage.' May readers nurture their curiosity through these essays.

Lived Experience of Parastomal Bulging: A Mixed Methods Study.

Aim: This United Kingdom study aimed to explore people's experiences of living with, and self-managing parastomal bulging.

Methods: Seventeen people were interviewed and 61 people completed an online survey.

Results: Parastomal bulging has a detrimental impact on quality of life including a negative impact on stoma function, daily activities, body image, physical intimacy, and socialising; access to specialist information and support for addressing the problem of bulging was inequitable; support garments were the most common self-management intervention; there was confusion about what exercise would be beneficial or how being active would help in terms of parastomal bulging self-management; peer support is no substitute for high quality specialist support.

Designing Implementation Strategies for the Inclusion of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex, Queer, and Allied and Key Populations' Content in Undergraduate Nursing Curricula in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Protocol for a Multimethods Research Project.

Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, queer, and allied (LGBTQIA+) individuals encounter challenges with access and engagement with health services. Studies have reported that LGBTQIA+ individuals experience stigma, discrimination, and health workers' microaggression when accessing health care. Compelling evidence suggests that the LGBTQIA+ community faces disproportionate rates of HIV infection, mental health disorders, substance abuse, and other noncommunicable diseases.

The moderating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and psychological distress, in a cohort of rural and regional healthcare workers. During major lockdowns in Victoria, Australia 2020-2021.

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in substantial pressures for healthcare workers across the world. The association between fear of COVID-19 and psychological distress, and the role of psychological resilience have gained research interest. The current study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association between fear of COVID-19 and psychological distress, in Australian rural/regional healthcare workers and determine whether resilience modifies this association.