An e-learning program improves low back pain beliefs of physiotherapists: a randomised trial.

Question: How effective is an e-learning program based on international clinical guidelines in promoting beliefs more aligned with the current evidence for the management of low back pain among physiotherapists?

Design: Randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation and intention-to-treat analysis.

Participants: 106 physiotherapists who treat patients with low back pain.

Interventions: The experimental group received access to an e-learning program, based on recommendations of clinical practice guidelines for the management of low back pain, over a 6-week period.

Insufficient structure and reporting of process evaluations of complex interventions for musculoskeletal conditions in randomised controlled trials: a systematic review.

Objectives: To explore how process evaluation of complex interventions alongside randomised clinical trials (RCTs) in musculoskeletal conditions are conducted.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases.

Psychological, physical and complementary therapies for the management of neuropathic pain.

This chapter aims to explain and evaluate the evidence for psychological, physical and complementary therapies as part of a holistic plan for managing neuropathic pain. Psychological therapies refer to interventions targeting mental health, while physical therapies refer to interventions designed to target movement and functional ability, and complementary therapies are those that attempt to target key mechanisms of change to alter brain and body functioning, or thought processes related to the experience of pain. Each therapeutic modality is discussed to narratively report on the evidence and provide implications for clinicians.

Association Between Objective Sleep and Clinical Outcomes in Older Adults With Low Back Pain Receiving Physical Therapy Care: A Secondary Analysis of a Responsiveness Study.

Background/objectives: Sleep seems to be associated with worse low back pain (LBP) outcomes in older adults; however, studies investigating the association of objective sleep with future changes in LBP outcomes are lacking. The objectives of this study are as follows: (a) to investigate the association between objectively measured sleep with changes in clinical outcomes in older adults with LBP receiving physical therapy care and (b) to examine the cross-sectional association between sleep and pain catastrophizing.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study.

The methodological quality of clinical trials of physical therapy for low back pain varies between countries with different income levels. A meta-epidemiological study.

Background: Low back pain is a severe global health problem. To face this issue, testing interventions using rigorously performed randomized controlled trials is essential. However, it is unclear if a country's income level is related to the quality of trials conducted.

Why might fears and worries persist after a pain education-grounded multimodal intervention for chronic back pain? A qualitative study.

Introduction: The effect of pain education (PE) on pain intensity and function diminishes after a few months in people with chronic low back pain (CLBP). One possible explanation is the return of underlying fears and worries related to the condition.

Objective: To explore topics related to participants' beliefs and feelings that might explain why fears and worries persist after a PE-grounded intervention for CLBP.

Feasibility, acceptability and efficacy of a pilot exercise physiology group service for older people with type 2 diabetes.

Background And Objectives: Type 2 diabetes affects over half a million older Australians. Australian Medicare group exercise and education interventions can support older adults' diabetes management. However, the feasibility and acceptability of accredited exercise physiologist (AEP)-delivered services are yet to be assessed.

Exploring whether home-based neuromodulation can boost the analgesic effects of exercise in people with knee osteoarthritis: protocol for a double-blinded, pilot randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) represents a leading cause of disability globally. Exercise has been demonstrated to improve pain and function in people with knee OA. However, when in pain, commencement of exercise is difficult, and clinical effects with such interventions are often modest.

Many randomized trials in a large systematic review were not registered and had evidence of selective outcome reporting: a metaepidemiological study.

Objectives: The primary objectives were to describe characteristics of trial registration in the chronic low back pain (CLBP) field and assess the association of trial registration status (registered vs unregistered, prospectively registered vs retrospectively registered) with risk of bias, sufficient sample size, quality of reporting, and treatment effect estimates. Secondary objectives were to describe trial registration consistency with the final report and assess its association with risk of bias, sufficient sample size, and treatment effect estimates.

Study Design And Setting: A cross-sectional metaepidemiological study of trials included in a large Cochrane review on exercise treatments for CLBP.

Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Beyond the Motor Cortex: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Exploring Effects on Quantitative Sensory Testing in Clinical Pain.

Background: Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been investigated increasingly as a means of treating pain. The effectiveness of NIBS in the treatment of pain has traditionally focused upon protocols targeting the primary motor cortex (M1). However, over time, the effectiveness of M1 NIBS has been attributed to effects on interconnected cortical and subcortical sites rather than M1 itself.

A home-based self-directed EEG neurofeedback intervention for people with chronic neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury (the StoPain Trial): description of the intervention.

Study Design: Randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: The objective is to describe an electroencephalography (EEG) neurofeedback intervention that will be provided in a randomised controlled trial for people with neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury (SCI): the StoPain Trial. In this trial, participants in the treatment group will implement an EEG neurofeedback system as an analgesic intervention at home, while participants in the control group will continue with the treatments available to them in the community.

"I could 100% see myself getting hurt if I did it wrong": a qualitative exploration of exercise perceptions in people with chronic low back pain.

Purpose: Traditionally, a specific "core" exercise focus has been favoured for chronic low back pain (CLBP) which contrasts holistic exercise approaches. This study aims to explore the perceptions of exercise in people with CLBP and whether exercise itself can convey implicit messages regarding its use in CLBP management in the absence of a clinical narrative.

Materials And Methods: Participants were asked about their CLBP history, views of exercise for CLBP, and current exercise behaviours through online semi-structured interviews.

Adjunctive use of hypnosis for clinical pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Systematic reviews suggest that stand-alone hypnotic suggestions may improve pain outcomes compared with no treatment, waitlist, or usual care. However, in clinical practice, hypnosis is often provided adjunctively with other interventions, which might have different effects than those reported in previous reviews. This systematic review aimed to summarize the analgesic effects of adjunctive hypnosis in adults with clinical pain.

Can assessment of human assumed central sensitisation improve the predictive accuracy of the STarT Back screening tool in acute low back pain?

Background: The STarT Back Screening Tool (SBT) is recommended to provide risk-stratified care in low back pain (LBP), yet its predictive value is moderate for disability and low for pain severity. Assessment of human assumed central sensitisation (HACS) in conjunction with the SBT may improve its predictive accuracy.

Objectives: To examine whether assessment of HACS in acute LBP improves the predictive accuracy of the SBT for LBP recovery at six months in people with acute non-specific LBP.

The Australian Traumatic Brain Injury Initiative: Systematic Review of Clinical Factors Associated with Outcomes in People with Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

The aim of the Australian Traumatic Brain Injury Initiative (AUS-TBI) is to design a data dictionary to inform data collection and facilitate prediction of outcomes for moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) across Australia. The process has engaged diverse stakeholders across six areas: social, health, clinical, biological, acute interventions, and long-term outcomes. Here, we report the results of the clinical review.

Navigating complexities: clinicians' experiences and systemic challenges in the implementation of evidence-based practice for chronic low back pain - a qualitative study.

Purpose: Implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) for chronic low back pain (CLBP) is poor. This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence exercise-based clinicians' implementation of EBP for people with CLBP.

Materials And Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 clinicians (20 physiotherapists and 20 accredited exercise physiologists).