Reliability and Accuracy of Standard Reference Procedures for Measurements of Trunk and Arm Postures in Ergonomics.

Adequate reference procedures for obtaining the reference zero-angle position are important for precise and accurate posture measurements, but few studies have systematically investigated these. A limited number of previous studies suggest differences in accuracy between procedures, with some causing an underestimation of the true arm elevation angle when sensors are taped to the skin. The reliability of commonly used reference procedures for the measurement of the trunk posture is also not well explored, and alternative procedures may improve precision.

Precarious employment, strenuous working conditions and the long-term risk of diagnosed chronic musculoskeletal disorders.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of precarious employment (PE) on the risk of diagnosed chronic musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among Swedish workers in occupations with strenuous working conditions.

Methods: This nationwide register-based cohort study included workers registered as living in Sweden in 2005, aged 21-60 at the 2010 baseline. Three samples were included: workers with high biomechanical workload (n=680 841), repetitive work (n=659 422) or low job control (n=703 645).

Profiles of the maternal occupational exposome during pregnancy and associations with intrauterine growth: Analysis of the French Longitudinal Study of Children - ELFE study.

Background: Numerous agents in the workplace are suspected of impairing fetal growth. To date, no epidemiological studies have specifically described the occupational exposome during pregnancy.

Objective: The objectives were to determine maternal occupational exposome profiles and study their associations with intrauterine growth characteristics measured by small for gestational age (SGA), birthweight (BW), and head circumference (HC).

Association of exposure to second-hand smoke during childhood with blood DNA methylation.

Introduction: By recent estimates, 40% of children worldwide are exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS), which has been associated with adverse health outcomes. While numerous studies have linked maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) to widespread differences in child blood DNA methylation (DNAm), research specifically examining postnatal SHS exposure remains sparse. To address this gap, we conducted epigenome-wide meta-analyses to identify associations of postnatal SHS and child blood DNAm.

Childhood lung function is associated with adolescent-onset and persistent asthma.

Background: Asthma is associated with impaired lung function; however, it is uncertain if a lower childhood lung function is associated with asthma onset and persistence during adolescence. The aims of the present study were to investigate the association between childhood lung function and onset and persistence of asthma during adolescence.

Methods: In the population-based BAMSE (Sweden), PIAMA (Netherlands) and MAAS (UK) birth cohorts, we analysed the association of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV/FVC and forced expiratory volume at 75% of FVC at age 8 years with asthma onset and persistence in adolescence (age 12-16 years) using cohort-specific logistic regression analysis followed by meta-analysis.

Mediating effect of working conditions on the association between education and early labour market exit: a cohort study of Swedish men.

Objectives: It is not fully known what explains educational inequalities in early labour market exits. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of exposure to unfavourable working conditions, measured by low job control and high physical workload, on the association between education and early labour market exit among men.

Methods: This register-based study included all men born 1951-1953, who underwent Swedish military conscription in late adolescence and had a registered educational level in 2005 (n=115 998).

Snus and cardiometabolic health markers among Swedish young adults.

Introduction: Snus is suggested as a risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, but little is known about health effects in young populations, particularly in women. We aimed to investigate associations between snus and cardiometabolic health markers among young men and women.

Method: This study was conducted within the BAMSE birth cohort and included participants followed up around 24 years (n=2256) and 26 years (n=1011).

Obesity Affects Disease Activity and Progression, Cognitive Functioning, and Quality of Life in People With Multiple Sclerosis.

Background And Objectives: While obesity is a known risk factor of the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), its impact on MS disease progression remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the influence of body mass index (BMI) on disease activity and progression, cognitive performance, and health-related quality of life in patients with MS.

Methods: Patients from an incident population-based case-control study (n = 3,249) were categorized based on BMI status at diagnosis and followed up after diagnosis through the Swedish MS registry.

Hazardous alcohol consumption across different industries in Sweden: a pooled cross-sectional study.

Aim: The current study aims to (i) examine differences in hazardous alcohol consumption across different industries in Sweden and (ii) assess to what degree any such difference can be attributed to a differential distribution of nicotine use, health, and work environments among individuals working in these industries.

Methods: A pooled cross-sectional study was conducted including all participants of the survey of Health, Work Environment, and Lifestyle Habits between 2012 and 2023 (n = 54 378), collected by an occupational health service company (Feelgood). The survey contained self-reported information on alcohol use, industry, nicotine use, health, and work environment.

Depression in childhood to early adulthood and respiratory health in early adulthood.

Background: Both depression and respiratory disease are common today in young populations. However, little is known about the relationship between them.

Aims: This study aims to explore the association between depression in childhood to early adulthood and respiratory health outcomes in early adulthood, and the potential underlying mechanisms.

BMI trajectories from birth to young adulthood associate with distinct cardiometabolic profiles.

Background: Numerous studies have investigated links between body mass index (BMI) trajectories and cardiovascular risk, yet discrepancies in BMI measurement duration and timing of the cardiovascular-related outcome evaluation have led to inconsistent findings.

Methods: We included participants from the Swedish birth cohort (BAMSE) and applied latent class mixture modeling to identify BMI trajectories using data of multiple BMI measures (≥ 4 times) from birth until 24-year follow-up (n = 3204). Subsequently, we analyzed the associations of BMI trajectories with lipids (n = 1974), blood pressure (n = 2022), HbA1c (n = 941), and blood leukocytes (n = 1973) using linear regression.

Body mass index trajectories from birth to early adulthood and lung function development.

Background: Few studies have investigated the influence of body mass index (BMI) trajectories on lung function covering the entire growth period.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study using data from the Swedish BAMSE birth cohort. Latent class mixture modelling was employed to examine the diversity in BMI z-scores from birth to 24 years of age.

Educational differences in alcohol-related morbidity and the role of working conditions: a Swedish register-based cohort study.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between education and alcohol-related morbidity and the role that low job control and heavy physical workload play in explaining these associations among men and women in Sweden. This register-based cohort study (SWIP cohort) includes over three million individuals registered in Sweden in 2005. Job control and physical workload were measured using a job exposure matrix linked to the index person based on their registered occupation at baseline.

Should workers be physically active after work? Associations of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels-An individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: There is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations for leisure-time physical activity among workers across various occupational physical activity levels. This study aimed to assess the association of leisure-time physical activity with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across occupational physical activity levels.

Methods: This study utilized individual participant data from 21 cohort studies, comprising both published and unpublished data.

Associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Objective: Health effects of different physical activity domains (ie, during leisure time, work and transport) are generally considered positive. Using data, we assessed independent associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity (OPA and LTPA) with all-cause mortality.

Design: Two-stage individual participant data meta-analysis.

The needs of parents of children with allergic diseases in preschool and school: A focus-group study.

Purpose: To describe the perceived physical and psychological needs of parents of children with allergic diseases and asthma regarding allergy management in preschools and schools.

Methods: We conducted a semi-structured focus group study with parents of children (ages 2-13 years) with different types of allergic diseases with/without asthma living in Stockholm, Sweden. Data were analyzed qualitative with systematic text condensation.

Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and childhood asthma: a European collaborative analysis.

Objectives: To investigate the associations of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour in early childhood with asthma and reduced lung function in later childhood within a large collaborative study.

Design: Pooling of longitudinal data from collaborating birth cohorts using meta-analysis of separate cohort-specific estimates and analysis of individual participant data of all cohorts combined.

Setting: Children aged 0-18 years from 26 European birth cohorts.

Long-term exposure to air pollution, road traffic noise and greenness, and incidence of myocardial infarction in women.

Background: Emerging evidence shows that long-term exposure to air pollution, road traffic noise, and greenness can each be associated with cardiovascular disease, but only few studies combined these exposures. In this study, we assessed associations of multiple environmental exposures and incidence of myocardial infarction using annual time-varying predictors.

Materials And Methods: In a population-based cohort of 20,407 women in Sweden, we estimated a five-year moving average of residential exposure to air pollution (PM, PM and NO), road traffic noise (L), and greenness (normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI in 500 m buffers), from 1998 to 2017 based on annually varying exposures and address history.

Improved Air Quality and Asthma Incidence from School Age to Young Adulthood: A Population-based Prospective Cohort Study.

The benefits of improved air quality on asthma remain understudied. Our aim was to investigate associations of changes in ambient air pollution with incident asthma from school age until young adulthood in an area with mostly low air pollution levels. Participants in the BAMSE (Swedish abbreviation for Children, Allergy, Environment, Stockholm, Epidemiology) birth cohort from Stockholm without asthma before the 8-year follow-up were included ( = 2,371).

Longitudinal changes in cardiovascular disease-related proteins in welders.

Objective: Occupational exposure to welding fumes is linked to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease; however, the threshold exposure level is unknown. Here, we aimed to identify changes in proteins associated with cardiovascular disease in relation to exposure to welding fumes.

Methods: Data were obtained from two timepoints six years apart for 338 non-smoking men (171 welders, 167 controls); of these, 174 (78 welders, 96 controls) had measurements available at both timepoints.

Sociodemographic inequalities in long-term exposure to air pollution, road traffic noise, and greenness: A population-based cohort study of women.

Background: Recent evidence suggests environmental health inequalities both within and between European countries and socially deprived groups may be more susceptible to pollution. However, evidence is still inconclusive and additional studies are warranted. This study aims to investigate sociodemographic inequalities in long-term residential exposure to air pollution, road traffic noise, and greenness, taking lifestyle and degree of urbanization into account.