Algal extracellular polymeric substances (algal-EPS) for mitigating the combined toxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and nano-TiO in sp.

The continuous release of nanoparticles and nanoplastics into the marine environment necessitates the examination of their combined effects in marine organisms. Natural Organic Matter (NOM) can significantly influence the behavior of nanomaterials in the marine environment. The present study explores the effects of algal Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) in reducing the combined toxic effects of three different polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs)- aminated (NH-PSNPs), carboxylated (COOH-PSNPs), and plain PSNPs - and P25 titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Nano-TiO) towards the marine alga, sp.

Effects of black cumin-based antimalarial drug loaded with nano-emulsion of bovine and human serum albumins by spectroscopic and molecular docking studies.

The growing understanding of nanoemulsion biomedical applications necessitates a basic understanding of protein-drug-loaded nanoemulsion interaction. In our present study, we investigated the binding interactions of Mefloquine (MEF)-loaded black cumin seed oil (Thymoquinone) nanoemulsion of different concentrations towards human and bovine serum albumin (HSA&BSA).Fluorescenceemission,three-dimensionalspectra,UV-visible spectroscopy, and FTIR-spectroscopy, techniques were used together with molecular docking studies to identify the binding effects.

Current Understanding on the Role of Lipids in Macrophages and Associated Diseases.

Lipid metabolism is the major intracellular mechanism driving a variety of cellular functions such as energy storage, hormone regulation and cell division. Lipids, being a primary component of the cell membrane, play a pivotal role in the survival of macrophages. Lipids are crucial for a variety of macrophage functions including phagocytosis, energy balance and ageing.

Toxicity of polystyrene microplastics in freshwater algae : Effects of particle size and surface charge.

Microplastics (MPs) are perpetual contaminants that are mostly generated by human activity and are deposited in aquatic ecosystem. MPs may react differently in aquatic organisms depending on their size, surface charge, and concentration. The current investigation examined the interactions of polystyrene (PS) microplastics (of varied charges and sizes) with , a unicellular phytoplankton.

Therapeutic applications of electrospun nanofibers impregnated with various biological macromolecules for effective wound healing strategy - A review.

A Non-healing infected wound is an ever-growing global epidemic, with increasing burden of mortality rates and management costs. The problems of chronic wound infections and their outcomes will continue as long as their underlying causes like diabetic wounds grow and spread. Commercial wound therapies employed have limited potential that inhibits pivotal functions and tissue re-epithelialization properties resulting in wound infections.

Surface functionalization and size of polystyrene microplastics concomitantly regulate growth, photosynthesis and anti-oxidant status of Cicer arietinum L.

Microplastics are a recent entrant in the list of environmental pollutants, exhibiting great diversity owing to different sizes, surface charges, and morphologies. The present study explores the impact of varied size, surface functionalization, and concentration of polystyrene microplastics (PS MP) on plants. For this study, Cicer seedlings were exposed to two different sizes of PS (1 μm and 12 μm) with three different surface functionalization (plain, carboxylated, and aminated) and at three distinct concentrations (10, 50, and 100 mg/L).

The Effect of Humic Acid and Polystyrene Fluorescence Nanoplastics on Environmental Behavior and Phytotoxicity.

The impacts of nanoplastics (100 nm) on terrestrial systems are unclear at this time. Due to the utilization of sewage sludge, plastic particles are likely to accumulate in these systems. The current research investigates how seed germination and growth are affected by fluorescence polystyrene (Flu-PS), humic acid (HA), and a Flu-PS+HA combination (tomato).

Multi-Step Biomass Fractionation of Grape Seeds from Pomace, a Zero-Waste Approach.

Grape seeds are the wineries' main by-products, and their disposal causes ecological and environmental problems. In this study seeds from the pomace waste of autochthonous grape varieties from Lebanon, Obeidi (white variety) and Asswad Karech (red variety) were used for a multi-step biomass fractionation. For the first step, a lipid extraction was performed, and the obtained yield was 12.

Mitophagy Induced by Metal Nanoparticles for Cancer Treatment.

Research on nanoparticles, especially metal nanoparticles, in cancer therapy is gaining momentum. The versatility and biocompatibility of metal nanoparticles make them ideal for various applications in cancer therapy. They can bring about apoptotic cell death in cancer cells.

Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Isolated from Marine Sediments and Its Antibacterial Activity against Fish Pathogens.

Marine habitats are especially complex, with a varied diversity of living organisms. Marine organisms, while living in such intense conditions, have developed great physiological and metabolic potential to survive. This has led them to produce several potent metabolites, which their terrestrial counterparts are unable to produce.

Multispectroscopy analysis of polystyrene nanoplastic interaction with diastase α-amylase.

The digestive enzyme of plant are generally α-amylase. They functions enzyme that breakdown starch into maltose and sugars. This happens in the endosperm of the seed.

Mining of transcriptome identifies CD109 and LRP12 as possible biomarkers and deregulation mechanism of T cell receptor pathway in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease with highest mortality compared to other types of leukemia. There is a need to find the gene abnormalities and mechanisms behind them due to their heterogenic nature. The present study is aimed to understand genes, pathways and biomarker proteins influenced by transcriptomic deregulation due to AML.

A review on contemporary nanomaterial-based therapeutics for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) with special reference to the Indian scenario.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a predominant chronic metabolic syndrome, resulting in various complications and high mortality associated with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Approximately 15-30% of diabetic patients suffer from DFUs, which is expected to increase annually. The major challenges in treating DFUs are associated with wound infections, alterations to inflammatory responses, angiogenesis and lack of extracellular matrix (ECM) components.

Shape dependent sensing potential of gold nanoparticles in etching based multicolorimetric plasmonic-ELISA.

In the present study, a systematic investigation has been carried out for the first time to assess the potential of three different shapes of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), nanorods (AuNRs), nanotriangles (AuNTs), and nanospheres (AuNSs), to develop a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme-mediated etching-based plasmonic ELISA (p-ELISA) strategy. The etching of the AuNPs in ELISA is achieved by 3'-3-5'-5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), which is produced by the biocatalytic conversion of chromogenic TMB HRP. All three types of AuNPs were interacted with varying concentrations of TMB (7-131 μM) (product of HRP enzyme reaction) and characterized for visible color change and by UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Wnt/β-catenin targeting in liver carcinoma through nanotechnology-based drug repurposing: A review.

Liver cancer is the fifth most widespread in the world, with a high fatality rate and poor prognosis.However,surgicalresction,thermal/radiofrequencyablation,chemo/radioembolization and pathway targeting to the cancer cells are all possible options for treating Liver Carcinoma. Unfortunately, once the tumour has developed and spread, diagnosis often occurs too late.

Gold nanorod-based multiplex bioanalytical assay for the detection of CYFRA 21-1 and CA-125: towards oral cancer diagnostics.

The study emphasizes the application of gold nanorods (GNRs) with different aspect ratios (ARs) for the development of multiplex assay for oral cancer detection. The tunable optical properties of the GNRs that rely on the geometrical alterations of the nanostructure and the corresponding change in the refractive indices of the local environment form the basis of the label-free biosensing mechanism. In the present work, two GNRs with AR 2.

Simple formulation and characterization of double emulsion variant designed to carry three bioactive agents.

Multiple emulsions are thermodynamically stable systems that mark applications in various fields including drug delivery systems. They allow enhanced availability of drugs, greater absorption, and present reduced toxicity, among other desirable properties. In this work, we aimed to formulate a unique double emulsion (O1/W + W1/O2/W/W) with three bioactive components viz.

A concise review on implications of silver nanoparticles in bone tissue engineering.

Skeletal disorders represent a variety of degenerative diseases that affect bone and cartilage homeostasis. The regenerative capacity of bone is affected in osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, bone fractures, congenital defects, and bone cancers. There is no viable, non-invasive treatment option and bone regeneration requires surgical intervention with the implantation of bone grafts.

Nanoplastics alter the conformation and activity of human serum albumin.

Nanoplastics finds its presence in most of the consumer products. Their chance of coming in contact with human cells and components is rampant. This study focuses on the interaction of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) with human serum albumin (HSA), ultimately causing structural and functional properties of the protein.

Enzyme-assisted metal nanoparticles etching based plasmonic ELISA: Progress and insights.

The unique size and shape tunable localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties of the noble metal nanoparticle have been extensively exploited to realize a variety of enzyme-based optical biosensors. Although approaches like metal film deposition, nanoparticle aggregation, and synthesis & growth of metal nanoparticles are quite useful, metal nanoparticle etching-based biosensors offer greater sensitivity, selectivity, and stability against various environmental factors which makes this strategy easy to use for field applications. This review discusses the current state-of-art of plasmonic nanoparticle etching-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) realized for visual detection of various analytes.

Production of dehairing protease by VITSN04: a model cradle-to-cradle approach for sustainable greener production of leathers.

Despite several attempts over decades, process scalability and sustainability remain a challenge to produce an environmental-friendly enzyme to gain industrial attention. In the present study, microbial degradation of chrome shavings (chromium-collagen leather waste) and the resulting collagen hydrolysate for producing the dehairing protease by VITSN04 were investigated in a lab-scale fermentor. Scale-up degradation of shavings resulted in higher recovery of collagen hydrolysate (76%) within 72 h compared to shake flasks (68% in 120 h).

Nano-diagnostics as an emerging platform for oral cancer detection: Current and emerging trends.

Globally, oral cancer kills an estimated 150,000 individuals per year, with 300,000 new cases being diagnosed annually. The high incidence rate of oral cancer among the South-Asian and American populations is majorly due to overuse of tobacco, alcohol, and poor dental hygiene. Additionally, socio-economic issues and lack of general awareness delay the primary screening of the disease.

Plastic particles in medicine: A systematic review of exposure and effects to human health.

Single-use plastics (SUPs) have become an essential constituent of our daily life. It is being exploited in numerous pharmaceutical and healthcare applications. Despite their advantages and widespread use in the pharma and medical sectors, the potential clinical problems of plastics, especially the release of micro-nanoplastics (MNPs) and additives from medical plastics (e.

Nano-SiO transport and retention in saturated porous medium: Influence of pH, ionic strength, and natural organics.

Nano silica (nSiO), induces potential harmful effects on the living environment and human health. It is well established that SiO facilitates the co-transport of a variety of other contaminants, including heavy metals and pesticides. The current study focused on the systematic evaluation of the effects of multiple physicochemical parameters such as pH (5, 7, and 9), ionic strength (10, 50, and 100 mM), and humic acid (0.

Exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics impairs lipid metabolism in human and murine macrophages in vitro.

The use of polystyrene micro and nanoplastics in cosmetics and personal care products continues to grow every day. The harmful effects of their biological accumulation in organisms of all trophic levels including humans have been reported by several studies. While we have accumulating evidence on the impact of nanoplastics on different organ systems in humans, only a handful of reports on the impact of polystyrene nanoplastics upon direct contact with the immune system at the cellular level are avialable.