Palladium-Catalyzed Regiodivergent C-H Olefination of Imidazo[1,2a]pyridine Carboxamide and Unactivated Alkenes.

Despite remarkable successes in linear and branched vinyl (hetero) arene synthesis, regiodivergent C-H olefination with a single catalytic system has remained underdeveloped. Overcoming this limitation, a Pd/MPAA-catalyzed regiodivergent C-H olefination of imidazo[1,2a] pyridine carboxamides with unactivated terminal alkenes to generate branched and linear olefinated products depending upon the electronic nature of alkenes is reported herein. Moreover, this protocol can be applied for C-H deuteriation of the corresponding heteroarenes with D O as deuterium source.

Room-temperature chemiresistive ammonia sensors based on 2D MXenes and their hybrids: recent developments and future prospects.

Detection of ammonia (NH) gas at room temperature is essential in a variety of sectors, including pollution monitoring, commercial safety and medical services, Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as fascinating candidates for gas-sensing applications due to their distinct properties. MXenes, a type of 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides/carbonotrides, have drawn the interest of researchers due to their high conductivity, large surface area, and changing surface chemistry. The review begins by describing the NH gas-detecting methods of 2D materials and then concentrates on MXene-based sensors, emphasising the benefits that MXenes provide in this context.

Recent developments in 2D MXene-based materials for next generation room temperature NO gas sensors.

MXenes with distinctive structures, good electrical conductivity and abundant functional groups have shown great potential in the fabrication of high performance gas sensors. Since the sensing mechanism of MXene-based gas sensors often involves a surface-dominant process, they can work at room temperature. In this regard, a significant amount of research has been carried out on MXene-based room temperature gas sensors and they can be viewed as one of the possible materials for NO sensing applications in the future.

Iron slag permeable reactive barrier for PFOA removal by the electrokinetic process.

The efficacy of the Standalone Electrokinetic (EK) process in soil PFAS removal is negligible, primarily due to the intersecting mechanisms of electromigration and electroosmosis transportation. Consequently, the redistribution of PFAS across the soil matrix occurs, hampering effective remediation efforts. Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) has been used to capture contaminants and extract them at the end of the EK process.

Gold-Catalyzed 1,2-Dicarbofunctionalization of Alkynes with Organohalides.

Herein, we report the first gold-catalyzed 1,2-dicarbofunctionalization of alkynes using organohalides as non-prefunctionalized coupling partners. The mechanism of the reaction involves an oxidative addition/π-activation mechanism in contrast to the migratory insertion/cis-trans isomerization pathway that is predominantly observed with other transition metals yielding products with anti-selectivity. Mechanistic insights include several control experiments, NMR studies, HR-MSMS analyses, and DFT calculations that strongly support the proposed mechanism.

Recent Advances in the Removal of Radioactive Iodine and Iodide from the Environment.

Iodine (I) in the form of iodide ions (I) is an essential chemical element in the human body. Iodine is a nonmetal that belongs to the VIIA group (halogens) in the periodic table. Over the last couple of centuries, the exponential growth of human society triggered by industrialization coincided with the use of iodine in a wide variety of applications, including chemical and biological processes.

Advances in the synthesis and applications of 2D MXene-metal nanomaterials.

MXenes, two-dimensional (2D) materials that consist of transition metal carbides, nitrides and/or carbonitrides, have recently attracted much attention in energy-related and biomedicine fields. These materials have substantial advantages over traditional carbon graphenes: they possess high conductivity, high strength, excellent chemical and mechanical stability, and superior hydrophilic properties. Furthermore, diverse functional groups such as -OH, -O, and -F located on the surface of MXenes aid the immobilization of numerous noble metal nanoparticles (NP).

Wound healing efficacy of curcumin-loaded sandalwood bark-derived carbon nanosphere/PVA nanofiber matrix.

The present investigation deals with the evaluation of the wound healing efficacy of sandalwood bark-derived carbon nanospheres loaded with curcumin-embedded polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofiber membranes (NF). Carbon nanospheres (CNS) were prepared by pyrolyzing sandal wood bark powder at 750 °C. The morphology was confirmed by field emission scanning electron micrographs and a rich amount of carbon was confirmed by the energy dispersive X-ray technique.

Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles/Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxides with Peroxidase-like Activity for Mercury Detection and Antibacterial Activity.

Over the past decade, the attention of researchers has been drawn to materials with enzyme-like properties to substitute natural enzymes. The ability of nanomaterials to mimic enzymes makes them excellent enzyme mimics; nevertheless, there is a wide berth for improving their activity and providing a platform to heighten their potential. Herein, we report a green and facile route for leaves extract-assisted synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) decorated on Mg-Al layered double hydroxides (Mg-Al-OH@TGLE-AgNPs) as a nanocatalyst.

Shedding Novel Photophysical Insights Toward Discriminative Detection of Three Toxic Heavy Metal Ions and a hazard class 1 nitro-explosive By Using a Simple AIEE Active Luminogen.

In this work, we introduced a simple aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) sensor (PHCS) which can selectively detect and discriminate three environmentally and biologically imperative heavy metal ions (Cu, Co and Hg) and a hazard class 1 categorized nitro-explosive picric acid (PA) in differential media. By virtue of its weak fluorescence attributes in pure organic medium owing to the synergistic operation of multiple photophysical quenching mechanisms, the molecular probe showcased highly selective 'TURN ON' fluorogenic response towards hazardous Hg with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 97 nM. Comprehensive investigation of binding mechanism throws light on the cumulative effect of probe-metal complexation induced chelation enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) effect and subsequent AIEE activation within the formed probe-metal adducts.

CdO Decorated with Polypyrrole Nanotube Heterostructure: Potent Electrocatalyst for the Detection of Antihistamine Drug Promethazine Hydrochloride in Environmental Samples.

In the realm of electrochemical sensor application, the development and fabrication of semiconducting metal oxides with the integration of conducting polymers for the trace-level detection of pharmaceutical medicines garnered considerable interest. Herein, we reported facile cadmium oxide decorated with polypyrrole nanotubes fabricated on a glassy carbon electrode (CdO@PPy/GCE) for efficient determination of antihistamine drug promethazine hydrochloride (PMH). The as-synthesized CdO@PPy composite was characterized by various analytical tools like X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

A plasmonic fluorescent ratiometric temperature sensor for self-limiting hyperthermic applications utilizing FRET enhancement in the plasmonic field.

Nanoparticle mediated photo-induced hyperthermia holds much promise as a therapeutic solution for the management of diseases like cancer. The conventional methods of temperature measurements do not measure the actual temperature generated in the vicinity of the nanoparticles during illumination. In contrast, nano temperature sensors built on hyperthermic nanoparticles can relay local temperatures around the nanoparticles during thermal induction.

Comprehensive Insights into the Family of Atomically Thin 2D-Materials for Diverse Photocatalytic Applications.

2D materials with their fascinating physiochemical, structural, and electronic properties have attracted researchers and have been used for a variety of applications such as electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, energy storage, magnetoresistance, and sensing. In recent times, 2D materials have gained great momentum in the spectrum of photocatalytic applications such as pollutant degradation, water splitting, CO reduction, NH production, microbial disinfection, and heavy metal reduction, thanks to their superior properties including visible light responsive band gap, improved charge separation and electron mobility, suppressed charge recombination and high surface reactive sites, and thus enhance the photocatalytic properties rationally as compared to 3D and other low-dimensional materials. In this context, this review spot-lights the family of various 2D materials, their properties and their 2D structure-induced photocatalytic mechanisms while giving an overview on their synthesis methods along with a detailed discussion on their diverse photocatalytic applications.

Observation of positive trions in α-MoO/MoS van der Waals heterostructures.

Mono-layer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have emerged as an ideal platform for the study of many-body physics. As a result of their low dimensionality, these materials show a strong Coulomb interaction primarily due to reduced dielectric screening that leads to the formation of stable excitons (bound electron-hole pairs) and higher order excitons, including trions, and bi-excitons even at room temperature. van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures (HSs) of TMDCs provide an additional degree of freedom for altering the properties of 2D materials because charge carriers (electrons) in the different atomically thin layers are exposed to interlayer coupling and charge transfer takes place between the layers of vdW HSs.

Reusable nano-catalyzed green protocols for the synthesis of quinoxalines: an overview.

Heterocyclic compounds are very widely distributed in nature and are essential for life activities. They play a vital role in the metabolism of all living cells, for example, vitamins and co-enzyme precursors thiamine, riboflavin Quinoxalines are a class of N-heterocycles that are present in a variety of natural and synthetic compounds. The distinct pharmacological activities of quinoxalines have attracted medicinal chemists considerably over the past few decades.

Folate targeting self-limiting hyperthermic nanoparticles for controlled photothermal therapy.

Photothermal therapy utilizes photothermal agents and the use of nanoparticle agents is deemed advantageous for multiple reasons. Common nano-photothermal agents normally have high conversion efficiencies and heating rates, but bulk temperature measurement methods do not adequately represent the nanoscale temperatures of these nanoheaters. Herein, we report on the fabrication of self-limiting hyperthermic nanoparticles that can simultaneously photoinduce hyperthermia and report back temperature ratiometrically.

Ratiometric colorimetric detection of fluoride ions using a schiff base sensor: enhancing selectivity and sensitivity for naked-eye analysis.

A Schiff base receptor with an active -NH group was designed and synthesized for the selective and sensitive colorimetric detection of inorganic fluoride (F) ions in an aqueous medium. The sensitivity of the receptor for F ions was enhanced by the influence of two electron-withdrawing -NO groups at ortho and para positions which result in a vivid color change. The receptor underwent a remarkable color change from light yellow to violet, enabling naked-eye detection of F ions without the need for spectroscopic equipment.

Transition metal- and solvent-free -Markovnikov selective protoboration of alkenes with bis(pinacolato)diboron.

An efficient -Markovnikov selective transition metal- and solvent-free Lewis base-mediated protoboration of aromatic and aliphatic alkenes with bis(pinacolato)diboron (Bpin) as the boron reagent is reported. This protocol is practical and demonstrates broad substrate scope and good functional-group tolerance on alkenes to give synthetically useful alkyl boronate esters in excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. The gram-scale reaction further highlighted the usefulness of this method.

Strain relaxation in monolayer MoS over flexible substrate.

In this communication, we demonstrate uniaxial strain relaxation in monolayer (1L) MoS transpires through cracks in both single and double-grain flakes. Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) grown 1L MoS has been transferred onto polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrates for low (∼1%) and high (1-6%) strain measurements. Both Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy revealed strain relaxation cracks in the strain regime of 4-6%.

Imidazopyridine chalcones as potent anticancer agents: Synthesis, single-crystal X-ray, docking, DFT and SAR studies.

New imidazopyridine-chalcone analogs were synthesized through the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. The newly synthesized imidazopyridine-chalcones (S1-S12) were characterized using spectroscopic and elemental analysis. The structures of compounds S2 and S5 were confirmed by X-ray crystallography.

Desalination by the forward osmosis: Advancement and challenges.

Forward osmosis (FO) has become a promising membrane technology for desalination and water treatment due to its simplicity, low energy consumption, and low fouling tendency compared to pressure-driven membrane processes. Therefore, the advancement in FO process modelling was one of the main objectives of this paper. On the other hand, the membrane characteristics and draw solute type represent the main FO process factors determining its technical performance and economical perspectives.

Designing protein nano-construct in ionic liquid: a boost in efficacy of cytochrome under stresses.

Herein, we present a simple approach to fabricate protein nanoconstructs by complexing cytochrome (Cyt ) with silk nanofibrils (SNF) and choline dihydrogen phosphate ionic liquid (IL). The peroxidase activity of the IL modified Cyt nanoconstruct (Cyt + SNF + IL) increased significantly (2.5 to 10-fold) over unmodified Cyt and showed enhanced catalytic activity and stability under harsh conditions, proving its potential as a suitable protein packaging strategy.

Observation of inherited plasmonic properties of TiN in titanium oxynitride (TiON) for solar-drive photocatalytic applications.

This study demonstrates the synthesis of titanium oxynitride (TiON) via a controlled step-annealing of commercial titanium nitride (TiN) powders under normal ambience. The structure of the formed TiON system is confirmed via XRD, Rietveld refinements, XPS, Raman, and HRTEM analysis. A distinct plasmonic band corresponding to TiN is observed in the absorption spectrum of TiON, indicating that the surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) property of TiN is being inherited in the resulting TiON system.

Catalytic role in Biginelli reaction: Synthesis and biological property studies of 2-oxo/thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidines.

The Biginelli reaction has received significant consideration in recent years due to its easily accessible aldehyde, urea/thiourea, and active methylene compounds. When it comes to pharmacological applications, the Biginelli reaction end-products, the 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidines, are vital in pharmacological applications. Due to the ease of carrying out the Biginelli reaction, it offers a number of exciting prospects in various fields.