586 results match your criteria: "Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions[Affiliation]"

Prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in the host community and Rohingya refugees living in camps in Bangladesh.

Community Dent Oral Epidemiol

December 2024

Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College, London, UK.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease of the Rohingya refugees and host community in Bangladesh.

Methods: An unpublished pilot was conducted for the sample size calculation. Two-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 50 participants from refugee camps and 50 from the host community.

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Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition of glucose intolerance in pregnancy. Oral health has been shown to mediate blood glucose management and pregnancy outcomes. There is also a greater prevalence of poor oral health in GDM pregnancies when compared to normoglycemic pregnancies.

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Novel drug targets and molecular mechanisms for sarcopenia based on systems biology.

Biomed Pharmacother

July 2024

Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-17165, Sweden. Electronic address:

Sarcopenia is a major public health concern among older adults, leading to disabilities, falls, fractures, and mortality. This study aimed to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of sarcopenia and identify potential therapeutic targets using systems biology approaches. RNA-seq data from muscle biopsies of 24 sarcopenic and 29 healthy individuals from a previous cohort were analysed.

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Health workforce for oral health inequity: Opportunity for action.

PLoS One

June 2024

WHO Oral Health Programme, Noncommunicable Diseases Department | Division of Universal Health Coverage & Communicable and Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

Oral health is high on the global agenda following the adoption of the 2022 global strategy on oral health at the 75th World Health Assembly. Given the global burden of oral disease, workforce development to achieve universal health coverage [UHC] is crucial to respond to population needs within the non-communicable disease agenda. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the oral health workforce [OHWF] globally in relation to key contextual factors.

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Bacterial adhesion is a fundamental process which enables colonisation of niche environments and is key for infection. However, in Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, these processes are not well understood. The Legionella collagen-like protein (Lcl) is an extracellular peripheral membrane protein that recognises sulphated glycosaminoglycans on the surface of eukaryotic cells, but also stimulates bacterial aggregation in response to divalent cations.

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A typology of internationally qualified dentists in the United Kingdom.

J Migr Health

May 2024

King's College London, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Denmark Hill Campus, London SE5 9RS, UK.

Introduction: The Global Strategy for Human Resources for Health 2030, requires member states to half their dependency on an international workforce by 2030. In order to design policies towards that goal, country-specific research on migration motivations of the health workforce is required. The United Kingdom (UK) is a net importer of health professionals and whilst there is a body of research on doctors' and nurses' migration, there is no research on the migration motivations of migrant dentists in the UK.

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Analysis of the association between salivary proteins and oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing IMRT: a longitudinal study.

BMC Oral Health

May 2024

Centre of Oral Clinical Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, Conservative & MI Dentistry, London, UK.

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how the composition of salivary proteins relates to the onset and severity of oral mucositis (OM) in patients undergoing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for head and neck cancer.
  • A longitudinal analysis was conducted on 40 patients, comparing saliva samples and clinical data before and after treatment, revealing that a significant majority experienced OM, and several salivary proteins were linked to OM outcomes.
  • The findings suggest a potential for using specific salivary proteins as biomarkers for OM, paving the way for personalized medicine approaches to enhance patients' quality of life.
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Retraction notice to "Combined metabolic activators improve metabolic functions in the animal models of neurodegenerative diseases" [Life Sci. 314 (2023) 121325].

Life Sci

July 2024

Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

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Design and synthesis of novel JNK inhibitors targeting liver pyruvate kinase for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Bioorg Chem

June 2024

Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK. Electronic address:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a broad range of liver disease including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with is no FDA-approved drug. Liver pyruvate kinase (PKL) is a major regulator of metabolic flux and ATP generation in liver presenting a potential target for the treatment of NAFLD. Based on our recent finding of JNK-5A's effectiveness in inhibiting PKLR expression through a drug repositioning pipeline, this study aims to improve its efficacy further.

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Minimally invasive non-surgical periodontal therapy of intrabony defects: A prospective multi-centre cohort study.

J Clin Periodontol

July 2024

Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.

Aim: To assess the potential benefits of minimally invasive non-surgical therapy (MINST) in teeth with intrabony defects and to explore factors associated with the outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A multi-centre trial was conducted in 100 intrabony defects in periodontitis patients in private practice. Steps 1 and 2 periodontal therapy including MINST were provided.

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BSP Implementation of prevention and treatment of peri-implant diseases - The EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline.

J Dent

October 2024

Birmingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre in Inflammation. The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, President-Elect of the European Federation of Periodontology, Birmingham B5 7EG, UK. Electronic address:

Objectives: to adapt the supranational European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) Prevention and Treatment of Peri-implant Diseases - The EFP S3 Level Clinical Practice Guideline for UK healthcare environment, taking into account a broad range of views from stakeholders and patients.

Sources: This UK version, based on the supranational EFP guideline [1] published in the Journal of Clinical Periodontology, was developed using S3-level methodology, combining assessment of formal evidence from 13 systematic reviews with a moderated consensus process of a representative group of stakeholders, and accounts for health equality, environmental factors and clinical effectiveness. It encompasses 55 clinical recommendations for the Prevention and Treatment of Peri-implant Diseases, based on the classification for periodontal and peri‑implant diseases and conditions [2].

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Periodontal granulation tissue - To remove or not to remove, that is the question.

J Periodontal Res

August 2024

Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.

Formation of granulation tissue is a fundamental phase in periodontal wound healing with subsequent maturation leading to regeneration or repair. However, persistently inflamed granulation tissue presents in osseous defects as a result of periodontitis and is routinely disrupted and discarded with non-surgical and surgical therapy to facilitate wound healing or improve chances of regeneration. Histological assessment suggests that granulation tissue from periodontitis-affected sites is effectively a chronic inflammatory tissue resulting from impaired wound healing due to persistence of bacterial dysbiotic bioflim.

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Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities are acknowledged as significant factors in the onset of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our research has demonstrated that the use of combined metabolic activators (CMA) may alleviate metabolic dysfunctions and stimulate mitochondrial metabolism. Therefore, the use of CMA could potentially be an effective therapeutic strategy to slow down or halt the progression of PD and AD.

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Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory condition characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant connective tissue and a progressive loss of supporting bone; it is commonly associated with the presence of biofilms on the surface of the implant, which is an important factor in the development and progression of the disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate, using micro-CT, the bone regeneration of surgically created peri-implant defects exposed to a microcosm of peri-implantitis. Twenty-three adult New Zealand white rabbits were included in the study.

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This review discusses the expanding application of botulinum neurotoxin in treating neurological conditions. The article specifically explores novel approaches to using non-paralytic botulinum molecules. These new molecules, such as BiTox or el-iBoNT, offer an alternative for patients who face limitations in using paralytic forms of botulinum neurotoxin due to concerns about muscle function loss.

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Insights into microorganisms, associated factors, and the oral microbiome in infective endocarditis patients.

Front Oral Health

April 2024

Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

Introduction: Infective Endocarditis (IE) is a rare, life-threatening infection of the endocardium with multisystem effects. Culprit microorganisms derived from different niches circulate through the bloodstream and attach to the endocardium, particularly the heart valves. This study aimed to investigate culprit microorganisms among a cross-sectional cohort of IE patients, their associated factors, and to explore the potential relationship to the oral microbiome.

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Signalling through TNFR1 modulates proinflammatory gene transcription and programmed cell death, and its impairment causes autoimmune diseases and cancer. NEDD4-binding protein 1 (N4BP1) is a critical suppressor of proinflammatory cytokine production that acts as a regulator of innate immune signalling and inflammation. However, our current understanding about the molecular properties that enable N4BP1 to exert its suppressive potential remain limited.

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Ophthalmic diseases affect many people, causing partial or total loss of vision and a reduced quality of life. The anterior segment of the eye accounts for nearly half of all visual impairment that can lead to blindness. Therefore, there is a growing demand for ocular research and regenerative medicine that specifically targets the anterior segment to improve vision quality.

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Periodontitis is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, and the risk may be particularly high among young people with unexplained stroke etiology. Thus, we investigated in a case-control study whether periodontitis or recent invasive dental treatments are associated with young-onset cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS). We enrolled participants from a multicenter case-control SECRETO study including adults aged 18 to 49 y presenting with an imaging-positive first-ever CIS and stroke-free age- and sex-matched controls.

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Objective: Targeting bacterial translocation in cirrhosis is limited to antibiotics with risk of antimicrobial resistance. This study explored the therapeutic potential of a non-absorbable, gut-restricted, engineered carbon bead adsorbent, Yaq-001 in models of cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and, its safety and tolerability in a clinical trial in cirrhosis.

Design: Performance of Yaq-001 was evaluated .

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As a member of BET (bromodomain and extra-terminal) protein family, BRD4 (bromodomain‑containing protein 4) is a chromatin‑associated protein that interacts with acetylated histones and actively recruits regulatory proteins, leading to the modulation of gene expression and chromatin remodeling. The cellular and epigenetic functions of BRD4 implicate normal development, fibrosis and inflammation. BRD4 has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target as it is often overexpressed and plays a critical role in regulating gene expression programs that drive tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration and drug resistance.

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Immunomodulatory peptides, while exhibiting potential antimicrobial, antifungal, and/or antiviral properties, can play a role in stimulating or suppressing the immune system, especially in pathological conditions like breast cancer (BC). Thus, deregulation of these peptides may serve as an immunotherapeutic strategy to enhance the immune response. In this meta-analysis, we utilized single-cell RNA sequencing data and known therapeutic peptides to investigate the deregulation of these peptides in malignant versus normal human breast epithelial cells.

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The intestine hosts the largest immune cell compartment in the body as a result of its continuous exposure to exogenous antigens. The intestinal barrier is formed by a single layer of epithelial cells which separate immune cells from the gut lumen. Bidirectional interactions between the epithelium and the immune compartment are critical for maintaining intestinal homeostasis by limiting infection, preventing excessive immune activation, and promoting tissue repair processes.

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Vitamin D Deficiency, Chronic Kidney Disease and Periodontitis.

Medicina (Kaunas)

February 2024

Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.

Vitamin D has important anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial properties and plays a central role in the host immune response. Due to the crucial role of the kidneys in the metabolism of vitamin D, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are prone to vitamin D deficiency. The resultant reduction in the production of calcitriol, the activated form of vitamin D, in patients with CKD is responsible for exacerbating the existing renal impairment and periodontal inflammation.

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MIGRENE: The Toolbox for Microbial and Individualized GEMs, Reactobiome and Community Network Modelling.

Metabolites

February 2024

Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.

Understanding microbial metabolism is crucial for evaluating shifts in human host-microbiome interactions during periods of health and disease. However, the primary hurdle in the realm of constraint-based modeling and genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) pertaining to host-microbiome interactions lays in the efficient utilization of metagenomic data for constructing GEMs that encompass unexplored and uncharacterized genomes. Challenges persist in effectively employing metagenomic data to address individualized microbial metabolisms to investigate host-microbiome interactions.

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