Diagnostic Accuracy of Microbiome-Derived Biomarkers in Periodontitis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of microbiome-derived biomarkers for periodontitis in oral fluids (saliva and subgingival samples).

Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. Electronic searches were performed across multiple databases from December 2022 to November 2024.

Long-Term Impact of Childhood Dental Attendance on Perceived Adult Oral Health: The British Cohort Study.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of childhood dental attendance pattern on self-rated oral health in middle adulthood among the British population.

Methods: Data from the 1970 British Cohort Study involving participants born in England, Scotland, and Wales were used. Self-rated oral health was assessed at age 46.

Apical periodontitis microbiome association with salivary and serum inflammatory burden.

Aims: Apical Periodontitis (AP) involves complex interactions between the root canal microbiome and the host immune response, with potential risk of local and systemic inflammatory burden, however there is no evidence available regarding correlation between microbiome and inflammatory marker levels. This study aims to identify the microbiome of saliva, intracanal and blood samples in AP subjects and investigate the correlation between intracanal and blood microbiomes with serum inflammatory biomarker levels, and salivary microbiomes with salivary inflammatory biomarker levels.

Methodology: Saliva, Intracanal and blood samples were collected from AP patients undergoing root canal retreatment.

The Effectiveness of Platelet Rich Fibrin in Alveolar Ridge Reconstructive or Guided Bone Regenerative Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction And Objectives: Clinical studies have shown favorable outcomes following use of platelet rich fibrin (PRF), either alone or in conjunction with biomaterials for alveolar ridge reconstruction (ARR) or guided bone regeneration (GBR) . While PRF application accelerates wound healing and reduces postoperative discomfort, its effects on the alveolar bone gain, as part of ARR or GBR is less clear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the clinical effectiveness of PRF when used in ARR or GBR, as well as postoperative discomfort following these procedures.

Development and Comparative Evaluation of a Reinstructed GPT-4o Model Specialized in Periodontology.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to enhance healthcare practices, including periodontology, by improving diagnostics, treatment planning and patient care. This study introduces 'PerioGPT', a specialized AI model designed to provide up-to-date periodontal knowledge using GPT-4o and a novel retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) system.

Methods: PerioGPT was evaluated in two phases.

Identification of macrophages as an immune suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma using single-cell and bulk transcriptomics.

Introduction: Macrophages and T cells play crucial roles in liver physiology, but their functional diversity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown.

Methods: Two bulk RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) cohorts for HCC were analyzed using gene co-expression network analysis. Key gene modules and networks were mapped to single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of HCC.

Exploring links between oral health and infective endocarditis.

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a bacterial infection of the heart's inner lining. A low incidence rate combined with a high mortality rate mean that IE can be difficult to treat effectively. There is currently substantial evidence supporting a link between oral health and IE with the oral microbiome impacting various aspects of IE, including pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and mortality rates.

The Human Pathology Atlas for deciphering the prognostic features of human cancers.

Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for a deeper molecular understanding and the development of personalized treatments. The present study aims to establish a solid association between gene expression and patient survival outcomes to enhance the utility of the Human Pathology Atlas for cancer research.

Methods: In this updated analysis, we examined the expression profiles of 6918 patients across 21 cancer types.

EGR1 regulates oral epithelial cell responses to via the EGFR- ERK1/2 pathway.

is a fungal pathobiont colonizing mucosal surfaces of the human body, including the oral cavity. Under certain predisposing conditions, invades mucosal tissues activating EGFR-MAPK signalling pathways in epithelial cells via the action of its peptide toxin candidalysin. However, our knowledge of the epithelial mechanisms involved during colonization is rudimentary.

Identifying Hub Genes and Metabolic Pathways in Collagen VI-Related Dystrophies: A Roadmap to Therapeutic Intervention.

Collagen VI-related dystrophies (COL6RD) are a group of rare muscle disorders caused by mutations in specific genes responsible for type VI collagen production. It affects muscles, joints, and connective tissues, leading to weakness, joint problems, and structural issues. Currently, there is no effective treatment for COL6RD; its management typically addresses symptoms and complications.

Links between Nosocomial Endodontic Infections and Bacteremia Associated with Apical Periodontitis and Endodontic Treatment.

Introduction: Nosocomial endodontic infections can cause treatment failure and are potential risk of bacteremia. This study is aimed to investigate bacteremia associated with apical periodontitis and immediate postendodontic treatment using next-generation sequencing. The study will also elucidate if the endodontic nosocomial pathogens are present in the blood microbiome.

Three-Dimensional Organotypic Systems for Modelling and Understanding Molecular Regulation of Oral Dentogingival Tissues.

Three-dimensional organotypic models benefit from the ability to mimic physiological cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions and therefore offer superior models for studying pathological or physiological conditions compared to 2D cultures. Organotypic models consisting of keratinocytes supported by fibroblasts embedded in collagen matrices have been utilised for the study of oral conditions. However, the provision of a suitable model for investigating the pathogenesis of periodontitis has been more challenging.

CTLA-4 expressing innate lymphoid cells modulate mucosal homeostasis in a microbiota dependent manner.

The maintenance of intestinal homeostasis is a fundamental process critical for organismal integrity. Sitting at the interface of the gut microbiome and mucosal immunity, adaptive and innate lymphoid populations regulate the balance between commensal micro-organisms and pathogens. Checkpoint inhibitors, particularly those targeting the CTLA-4 pathway, disrupt this fine balance and can lead to inflammatory bowel disease and immune checkpoint colitis.

Association between systemic zinc and oxidative stress levels and periodontal inflamed surface area.

Background/aim: Zinc is a structural component of some enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential associations between serum zinc and oxidative stress levels and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA).

Materials And Methods: This study included 90 patients divided into three groups: a periodontitis group (P; n = 30), a gingivitis group (G; n = 30), and a periodontal health group (PH; n = 30).

Unveiling the Molecular Mechanisms of Glioblastoma through an Integrated Network-Based Approach.

: Despite current treatments extending the lifespan of Glioblastoma (GBM) patients, the average survival time is around 15-18 months, underscoring the fatality of GBM. This study aims to investigate the impact of sample heterogeneity on gene expression in GBM, identify key metabolic pathways and gene modules, and explore potential therapeutic targets. : In this study, we analysed GBM transcriptome data derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) using genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) and co-expression networks.

Clinical and GCF outcomes of Minimally-invasive non-surgical periodontal therapy in teeth with bone loss to the apex. A prospective study.

Aims: The aim of this prospective study was to assess the potential benefits of minimally-invasive non-surgical therapy (MINST) in the healing of intrabony defects reaching the apex.

Methods: Twenty systemically healthy patients with stage III-IV periodontitis and with at least one tooth with an intrabony defect reaching the apex were included in the study. Step 1 and 2 periodontal therapy including MINST were provided to all patients and patients were then followed up to 12 months post-treatment.

Proteome of the 2-h in vivo Formed Acquired Enamel Pellicle of Adolescents with Erosive Tooth Wear, Caries, or Sound.

Introduction: Acquired pellicle (AP) acts as a membrane preventing acids from coming into direct contact with the tooth. Possibly, individuals with different dental health status present changes in its composition that could disrupt this function. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the protein composition of the AP in adolescents with erosive tooth wear (ETW), caries, or sound.

Genome-scale models in human metabologenomics.

Metabologenomics integrates metabolomics with other omics data types to comprehensively study the genetic and environmental factors that influence metabolism. These multi-omics data can be incorporated into genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs), which are highly curated knowledge bases that explicitly account for genes, transcripts, proteins and metabolites. By including all known biochemical reactions catalysed by enzymes and transporters encoded in the human genome, GEMs analyse and predict the behaviour of complex metabolic networks.

Discovery of 2-Aryl-4-aminoquinazolin-Based LSD1 Inhibitors to Activate Immune Response in Gastric Cancer.

LSD1 (histone lysine-specific demethylase 1) has been gradually disclosed to act as an immunomodulator to enhance antitumor immune response. Despite the identification of numerous potent LSD1 inhibitors, there remains a lack of LSD1 inhibitors approved for marketing. Novel LSD1 inhibitors with different mechanisms are therefore needed.

Transient colonizing microbes promote gut dysbiosis and functional impairment.

Species composition of the healthy adult gut microbiota tends to be stable over time. Destabilization of the gut microbiome under the influence of different factors is the main driver of the microbial dysbiosis and subsequent impacts on host physiology. Here, we used metagenomics data from a Swedish longitudinal cohort, to determine the stability of the gut microbiome and uncovered two distinct microbial species groups; persistent colonizing species (PCS) and transient colonizing species (TCS).