Estimating whole-body centre of mass sway during quiet standing with inertial measurement units.

Our ability to balance upright provides a stable platform to perform daily activities. Balance deficits associated with various clinical conditions may affect activities of daily living, highlighting the importance of quantifying standing balance in ecological environments. Although typically performed in laboratory settings, the growing availability of low-cost inertial measurement units (IMUs) allows the assessment of balance in the real world.

Association of Frailty With In-hospital and Long-term Outcomes Among STEMI Patients Receiving Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: Frailty is generally a marker of worse prognosis. The impact of frailty on both in-hospital and long-term outcomes in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients has not been well described. Given this context, we aimed to determine the prevalence and impact of frailty on in-hospital and 1-year outcomes in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).

Myths and Methodologies: Understanding the health impact of head down bedrest for the benefit of older adults and astronauts. Study protocol of the Canadian Bedrest Study.

Weightlessness during spaceflight can harm various bodily systems, including bone density, muscle mass, strength and cognitive functions. Exercise appears to somewhat counteract these effects. A terrestrial model for this is head-down bedrest (HDBR), simulating gravity loss.

Protocol for validating an algorithm to identify neurocognitive disorders in Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging participants: an observational study.

Introduction: In population-based research, disease ascertainment algorithms can be as accurate as, and less costly than, performing supplementary clinical examinations on selected participants to confirm a diagnosis of a neurocognitive disorder (NCD), but they require cohort-specific validation. To optimise the use of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) to understand the epidemiology and burden of NCDs, the CLSA Memory Study will validate an NCD ascertainment algorithm to identify CLSA participants with these disorders using routinely acquired study data.

Methods And Analysis: Up to 600 CLSA participants with equal numbers of those likely to have no NCD, mild NCD or major NCD based on prior self-reported physician diagnosis of a memory problem or dementia, medication consumption (ie, cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine) and/or self-reported function will be recruited during the follow-up 3 CLSA evaluations (started August 2021).

Older Mens' Experiences with and Preferences for Physical Activity.

We aim to describe older mens' experiences with physical activity (PA) and their preferences for PA programs. We interviewed 14 men from a Canada-based PA intervention study called Men on the Move, and 5 men from a supplementary sample (who were not intervention participants). Content analysis was used to describe their experiences with PA and program preferences.

Combined hormonal contraceptive use is not protective against musculoskeletal conditions or injuries: a systematic review with data from 5 million females.

Objective: Assess the association between combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) use and musculoskeletal tissue pathophysiology, injuries or conditions.

Design: Systematic review with semiquantitative analyses and certainty of evidence assessment, guided by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL searched from inception to April 2022.

Sleep efficiency and the metabolic risk score in very active older women and men.

Study Objectives: Sleep disruption is a risk factor for obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in older adults. How physical activity (PA) interacts with the negative cardiometabolic effects of poor sleep is not known. We objectively measured sleep efficiency (SE) in very active older adults and examined the association between SE and a continuous Metabolic Syndrome Risk Score (cMSy).

Design of a double acting pneumatic cartilage loading device for magnetic resonance imaging.

Studies of osteoarthritis initiation and progression that measure strain in cartilage require physiological loading levels. Many studies use magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, which necessitates a MR-compatible loading device. In this study, the design and validation of a new device, the cartilage compressive actuator (CCA), is presented.

Aerobic exercise improves executive functions in females, but not males, without the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism.

Background: Aerobic exercise promotes cognitive function in older adults; however, variability exists in the degree of benefit. The brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism and biological sex are biological factors that have been proposed as important modifiers of exercise efficacy. Therefore, we assessed whether the effect of aerobic exercise on executive functions was dependent on the BDNFval66met genotype and biological sex.

Protocol for a randomized controlled trial to assess the effect of Self-Management for Amputee Rehabilitation using Technology (SMART): An online self-management program for individuals with lower limb loss.

Background: Lower limb loss (LLL) is a distressing experience with psychological, physical, and social challenges. Education is needed to enhance the coping skills and confidence of patients to improve LLL outcomes. However, access to rehabilitation services and education is limited outside of urban centers.

Development of a co-created online self-management program for people with lower limb loss: self-management for amputee rehabilitation using technology (SMART).

Purpose: To develop an online self-management program for individuals with recent lower limb loss, called Self-Management for Amputee Rehabilitation using Technology (SMART).

Materials And Methods: We used the Intervention Mapping Framework as a blueprint and involved stakeholders throughout the process. A six-step study was conducted including (1) needs assessment using interviews, (2) translating needs to content, (3) applying the content into a prototype using theory-based methods, (4) a usability assessment using think-aloud cognitive testing, (5) planning for future adoption and implementation, and (6) assessing feasibility using mixed-methods to generate a plan to assess the effectiveness on health-outcomes in a randomized controlled trial.

The efficacy of femoral augmentation for hip fracture prevention using ceramic-based cements: A preliminary experimentally-driven finite element investigation.

Femoral fractures due to sideways falls continue to be a major cause of concern for the elderly. Existing approaches for the prevention of these injuries have limited efficacy. Prophylactic femoral augmentation systems, particularly those involving the injection of ceramic-based bone cements, are gaining more attention as a potential alternative preventative approach.

Application of statistical shape modeling to the human hip joint: a scoping review.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to identify all examples of the application of statistical shape models to the human hip joint, with a focus on applications, population, methodology, and validation.

Introduction: Clinical radiographs are the most common imaging tool for management of hip conditions, but it is unclear whether radiographs can adequately diagnose or predict outcomes of 3D deformity. Statistical shape modeling, a method of describing the variation of a population of shapes using a small number of variables, has been identified as a useful tool to associate 2D images with 3D anatomy.

Stretching, Bracing, and Devices for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis-Associated Joint Contractures in Nonoperated Joints: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Context: Many patients with osteoarthritis (OA) develop range of motion (ROM) restrictions in their affected joints (contractures), associated with worse outcomes and rising healthcare costs. Effective treatment guidance for lost ROM in OA-affected joints is lacking.

Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of stretching and/or bracing protocols on native (nonoperated) joint ROM in the setting of radiographically diagnosed OA.

Procoagulant phenotype induced by oxidized high-density lipoprotein associates with acute kidney injury and death.

Background: Oxidative stress derived from severe systemic inflammation promotes conversion from high-density lipoprotein HDL to oxidized HDL (oxHDL), which interacts with vascular endothelial cells (ECs). OxHDL acquires procoagulant features playing a role in modulating coagulation, which has been linked with organ failure in ICU patients. However, whether oxHDL elicits a ECs-mediated procoagulant phenotype generating organ failure and death, and the underlying molecular mechanism is not known.

Study protocol for the BRAIN Training Trial: a randomised controlled trial of Balance, Resistance, And INterval training on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

Introduction: Epidemiological evidence suggests that both poor cardiovascular fitness and low muscle mass or strength markedly increase the rate of cognitive decline and incident dementia in older adults. Results from exercise trials for the improvement of cognition in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have reported mixed results. This is possibly due to insufficient exercise intensities.

Assessing the Effects of Dietary Protein Supplementation on Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Sarcopenia, an age-associated skeletal muscle disorder characterized by muscle loss, is associated with disability in elderly populations. This literature review summarizes the impact of protein intake and supplementation on the indicators of severe sarcopenia-muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function in community-dwelling older adults. We performed a literature search on PubMed, EMBASE, and MedLine, and included studies that evaluated the effects of protein intake with or without exercise intervention and on sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults.

Scale-up of the Internet-based Professional Learning to help teachers promote Activity in Youth (iPLAY) intervention: a hybrid type 3 implementation-effectiveness trial.

Background: Whole-of-school programs have demonstrated success in improving student physical activity levels, but few have progressed beyond efficacy testing to implementation at-scale. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the scale-up of the 'Internet-based Professional Learning to help teachers promote Activity in Youth' (iPLAY) intervention in primary schools using the RE-AIM framework.

Methods: We conducted a type 3 hybrid implementation-effectiveness study and collected data between April 2016 and June 2021, in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.

Can "Rover" help with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic? Results from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA).

COVID-19 has negatively affected the mental health and well-being of adults, and thus it is important to examine potential factors which may influence mental health during the pandemic. We thus examined the association between pet ownership and depression/anxiety symptoms based on mental health disorder status during the COVID-19 pandemic. We included 12,068 cognitively healthy participants (45-86 years at study entry) from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) comprehensive cohort who completed the first follow-up ([FU1]; 2015-2018), and COVID-19 Survey entry (April-May 2020) and exit (September-December 2020).

Web-Based System to Capture Consistent and Complete Real-world Data of Physical Therapy Interventions Following Total Knee Replacement: Design and Evaluation Study.

Background: Electronic health records (EHRs) have the potential to facilitate consistent clinical data capture to support excellence in patient care, quality improvement, and knowledge generation. Despite widespread EHR use, the vision to transform health care system and its data to a "learning health care system" generating knowledge from real-world data is limited by the lack of consistent, structured clinical data.

Objective: The purpose of this paper was to demonstrate the design of a web-based structured clinical intervention data capture system and its evaluation in practice.

Cardiorespiratory Fitness as a Moderator of Sleep-Related Associations with Hippocampal Volume and Cognition.

The objective of this study was to understand the associations of sleep and cardiorespiratory fitness with hippocampal volume and global cognition among older adults ( = 30, age = 65.8 years, female = 73.3%).

International depiction of the cost of functional independence limitations among older adults living in the community: a systematic review and cost-of-impairment study.

Background: Functional independence limitations restrict older adult self-sufficiency and can reduce quality of life. This systematic review and cost of impairment study examined the costs of functional independence limitations among community dwelling older adults to society, the health care system, and the person.

Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines this systematic review included community dwelling older adults aged 60 years and older with functional independence limitations.

Effect of Exercise Training or Complex Mental and Social Activities on Cognitive Function in Adults With Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: A stroke doubles one's risk for dementia. How to promote cognitive function among persons with chronic stroke is unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of exercise (EX) or cognitive and social enrichment activities (ENRICH) on cognitive function in adults with chronic stroke.

Risk Factors for the Development of Heterotopic Ossification Following Acetabular Fractures: A Systematic Review.

Background: Heterotopic ossification (HO) following acetabular fractures is a common complication that may affect clinical outcomes. However, the effects of prophylactic treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or radiation therapy remain controversial. While several factors have been related to the development of HO, there is considerable uncertainty regarding their importance or effect size in the setting of acetabular surgery.

Having time to oneself in times of extended togetherness: Solitude experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study investigated how time to oneself (solitude) is experienced under conditions of extended togetherness with household members during the pandemic. Both structural (living arrangements) and qualitative characteristics (relationship quality and conflict) were examined for their association with solitude desire and daily solitude-affect links. We expected that people living with others and those with more high-quality as well as those with more conflictual relationships would report better affect quality when experiencing solitude.