The provision of sexual and reproductive health information and services to travellers: an exploratory survey of Australian travel medicine clinicians.

Background: International travel can increase the risk of exposure to infectious diseases including sexually transmissible infections (STI). Pre-travel medical consultation provides an opportunity for travel-related health risk assessments and advice. This study explored how travel medicine clinicians integrate sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services into clinical practice.

Redefining hypnosis: A narrative review of theories to move towards an integrative model.

Hypnosis is an ancient mind-body intervention that has regained interest with the surge of research in the last decade documenting its clinical validity. Yet, theoretical controversies and misconceptions prevail among theorists, clinicians, and the general public, impeding the understanding, acceptance, replication, and use of hypnosis. Providing adequate information, which dispels misconceptions and promotes more balanced views, is warranted to facilitate the implementation and adoption of hypnosis in clinical and research settings.

A population-based epidemiological and health economic analysis of fracture-related infection.

Aims: The aim of this study was to perform the first population-based description of the epidemiological and health economic burden of fracture-related infection (FRI).

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of operatively managed orthopaedic trauma patients from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2016, performed in Queensland, Australia. Record linkage was used to develop a person-centric, population-based dataset incorporating routinely collected administrative, clinical, and health economic information.

Implementing paediatric appropriate use criteria for endotracheal suction to reduce complications in mechanically ventilated children with respiratory infections.

Background: Endotracheal suction is used to maintain endotracheal tube patency. There is limited guidance to inform clinical practice for children with respiratory infections.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether implementation of a paediatric endotracheal suction appropriate use guideline Paediatric AirWay Suction (PAWS) is associated with an increased use of appropriate and decreased use of inappropriate suction interventions.

Associations of exposure to ambient fine particulate matter constituents from different pollution sources with semen quality: Evidence from a prospective cohort.

The association between ambient fine particulate matter (PM) exposure and semen quality remains inconclusive, possibly due to variations in pollution sources and PM compositions. Studies investigating the constituents of PM have been hindered by small sample sizes, and research exploring the relationships between PM pollution sources and semen quality is lacking. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive study based on the Anhui prospective assisted reproduction cohort to evaluate the associations between semen quality and the constituents and pollution sources of PM.

Exploring the Association between Hemochromatosis and Lower-Limb Venous Disease.

Objective: Chronic venous disease is a circulatory system dysfunction that has the potential to lead to venous leg ulceration. Although research on the influence of specific gene variants on chronic venous disease has been limited, a few studies have reported an association between hemochromatosis and chronic venous disease. However, no studies have looked at the prevalence of lower-limb venous disease and leg ulcers in people with hemochromatosis.

Non-pharmacological interventions for chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea and constipation management: A scoping review.

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea (CID) and constipation (CIC) are among the most common and severe gastrointestinal symptoms related to chemotherapy. This review aimed to identify and describe the evidence for non-pharmacological interventions for the management of CID and CIC.

Methods: The scoping review was based on the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist.

A systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of maternity models of care.

Objectives: In this systematic review, we aimed to identify the full extent of cost-effectiveness evidence available for evaluating alternative Maternity Models of Care (MMC) and to summarize findings narratively.

Methods: Articles that included a decision tree or state-based (Markov) model to explore the cost-effectiveness of an MMC, and at least one comparator MMC, were identified from a systematic literature review. The MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and Google Scholar databases were searched for papers published in English, Arabic, and French.

Clinical decision support systems for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in hospitals: A systematic review.

Objectives: To synthesise the literature on clinical decision support (CDS) systems for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aimed to (1) describe existing COPD CDS systems that have been designed, developed or are being used in practice, (2) describe the impact of COPD CDS systems on outcomes and (3) identify barriers and facilitators to implementation of COPD CDS systems.

Methods: Five databases were searched to identify relevant studies.

From pilot to a multi-site trial: refining the Early Detection of Deterioration in Elderly Residents (EDDIE +) intervention.

Background: Early Detection of Deterioration in Elderly Residents (EDDIE +) is a multi-modal intervention focused on empowering nursing and personal care workers to identify and proactively manage deterioration of residents living in residential aged care (RAC) homes. Building on successful pilot trials conducted between 2014 and 2017, the intervention was refined for implementation in a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial in 12 RAC homes from March 2021 to May 2022. We report the process used to transition from a small-scale pilot intervention to a multi-site intervention, detailing the intervention to enable future replication.

Stakeholders' preferences for the design and delivery of virtual care services: A systematic review of discrete choice experiments.

This systematic review aimed to synthesise evidence from discrete choice experiments (DCEs) eliciting preferences for virtual models of care, as well as to assess the quality of those DCEs and compare the relative preferences for different stakeholder groups. Articles were included if published between January 2010 and December 2022. Data were synthesised narratively, and attributes were assessed for frequency, significance, and relative importance using a semi-quantitative approach.

Priorities for paediatric critical care research: a modified Delphi study by the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Paediatric Study Group.

Most interventions in paediatric critical care lack high grade evidence. We aimed to identify the key research priorities and key clinical outcome measures pertinent to research in paediatric intensive care patients. Modified three-stage Delphi study combining staged online surveys, followed by a face-to-face discussion and final voting.

Community Opioid Dispensing after Injury (CODI): Cohort characteristics and opioid dispensing patterns.

Background: Despite a focus of opioid-related research internationally, there is limited understanding of long-term opioid use in adults following injury. We analysed data from the 'Community Opioid Dispensing after Injury' data linkage study.

Aims: This paper aims to describe the baseline characteristics of the injured cohort and report opioid dispensing patterns following injury-related hospitalisations.

Perioperative hypothermia prevention: development of simple principles and practice recommendations using a multidisciplinary consensus-based approach.

Objectives: To develop a consensus on evidence-based principles and recommendations for perioperative hypothermia prevention in the Australian context.

Design: This study was informed by CAN-IMPLEMENT using the ADAPTE process: (1) formation of a multidisciplinary development team; (2) systematic search process identifying existing guidance for perioperative hypothermia prevention; (3) appraisal using the AGREE II Rigor of Development domain; (4) extraction of recommendations from guidelines meeting a quality threshold using the AGREE-REX tool; (5) review of draft principles and recommendations by multidisciplinary clinicians nationally and (6) subsequent round of discussion, drafting, reflection and revision by the original panel member team.

Setting: Australian perioperative departments.

Does Legislation Impede Data Sharing in Australia Across Institutions and Jurisdictions? A Scoping Review.

In Australia, regulations governing data, including formal legislation and policies promulgated by private and public agencies, are often seen as a barrier to data sharing. This sharing can include between institutions, as well as across jurisdictional borders in a federated jurisdiction such as Australia. In some cases, these regulations place a barrier to sharing data across borders or between institutions without a prerequisite requirement.

Disease mapping: Geographic differences in population rates of interventional treatment for prostate cancer in Australia.

Background: Treatment decisions for men diagnosed with prostate cancer depend on a range of clinical and patient characteristics such as disease stage, age, general health, risk of side effects and access. Associations between treatment patterns and area-level factors such as remoteness and socioeconomic disadvantage have been observed in many countries.

Objective: To model spatial differences in interventional treatment rates for prostate cancer at high spatial resolution to inform policy and decision-making.

Quality of life and family functioning soon after paediatric brain tumour diagnosis: A cross-sectional observational study.

Purpose: There is scant scholarly exploration of quality of life in families with a child who has a brain tumour early after diagnosis, despite this being a pivotal point in their illness trajectory. We aimed to describe quality of life in children and their parents, and family functioning, within six months of diagnosis; and to examine if this differed for various subpopulations.

Method: This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of an ongoing longitudinal survey.

Very brief intervention for physical activity behaviour change in cardiac rehabilitation: protocol for the 'Measure It!' effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial.

Introduction: Physical inactivity is a risk factor for repeat cardiac events and all-cause mortality in coronary heart disease (CHD). Cardiac rehabilitation, a secondary prevention programme, aims to increase physical activity levels in this population from a reported low baseline. This trial will investigate the effectiveness and implementation of a very brief physical activity intervention, comparing different frequencies of physical activity measurement by cardiac rehabilitation clinicians.

How digital health translational research is prioritised: a qualitative stakeholder-driven approach to decision support evaluation.

Objectives: Digital health is now routinely being applied in clinical care, and with a variety of clinician-facing systems available, healthcare organisations are increasingly required to make decisions about technology implementation and evaluation. However, few studies have examined how digital health research is prioritised, particularly research focused on clinician-facing decision support systems. This study aimed to identify criteria for prioritising digital health research, examine how these differ from criteria for prioritising traditional health research and determine priority decision support use cases for a collaborative implementation research programme.

Anticipatory anxiety and participation in cancer screening. A systematic review.

Objectives: To synthesize current evidence on the association between anticipatory anxiety, defined as apprehension-specific negative affect that may be experienced when exposed to potential threat or uncertainty, and cancer screening to better inform strategies to maximize participation rates.

Methods: Searches related to cancer screening and anxiety were conducted in seven electronic databases (APA PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL), with potentially eligible papers screened in Covidence. Data extraction was conducted independently by multiple authors.