Benefits, implementation and sustainability of innovative paediatric models of care for children with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review.

Background And Aim: The evidence about the acceptability and effectiveness of innovative paediatric models of care for Type 1 diabetes is limited. To address this gap, we synthesised literature on implemented models of care, model components, outcomes, and determinants of implementation and sustainability.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted and reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Creating safer cancer care with ethnic minority patients: A qualitative analysis of the experiences of cancer service staff.

Introduction: Effective consumer engagement practices can enhance patient safety. This is important for consumers from ethnic minority backgrounds who are exposed to increased risk of patient safety events. Using the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model, this study explored staff experiences of creating opportunities for engagement with consumers from ethnic minority backgrounds to contribute to their cancer care safety.

Learning to Learn Independently: Guiding Students to Develop Self-Directed Learning Skills During Medical Student Independent Research Projects-Findings from an Australian University.

Introduction: Most medical schools offer students the opportunity to conduct independent research projects in order to learn about evidence-based medicine. This study aimed to explore the experience of students, graduates, and supervisors during an independent research project through the lens of self-directed learning.

Methods: Students and recent graduates were asked to complete an anonymous survey about their experiences.

Analysis of Longitudinal Patterns and Predictors of Medicine Use in Residential Aged Care Using Group-Based Trajectory Modeling: The "MEDTRAC-Cardiovascular" Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Aim: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. Ensuring ongoing use of medicines-medication persistence-is crucial, yet no prior studies have examined this in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). We aimed to identify long-term trajectories of persistence with cardiovascular medicines and determine predictors of persistence trajectories.

Consumer perspectives on antibiotic use in residential aged care: A mixed-methods systematic review.

Background: Aged care staff and doctors frequently highlight consumers' role in antibiotic treatment decisions. However, few studies include consumers. This study aimed to investigate consumer perspectives on antibiotic use in residential aged care.

Measuring what counts in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander care: a review of general practice datasets available for assessing chronic disease care.

Background Large datasets exist in Australia that make de-identified primary healthcare data extracted from clinical information systems available for research use. This study reviews these datasets for their capacity to provide insight into chronic disease care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and the extent to which the principles of Indigenous Data Sovereignty are reflected in data collection and governance arrangements. Methods Datasets were included if they collect primary healthcare clinical information system data, collect data nationally, and capture Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.

Diabetes in residential aged care: Pharmacological management and concordance with clinical guidelines.

Objective: Existing studies have highlighted suboptimal diabetes management in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). However, understanding of diabetes management in Australian metropolitan RACFs has been limited. This retrospective cohort study aimed to explore the pharmacological management of diabetes in 25 RACFs in Sydney Australia and assess concordance with clinical practice guidelines (CPGs).

Current nursing and midwifery contribution to leading digital health policy and practice: An integrative review.

Aim: To review the current nursing and midwifery contribution to leading digital health (DH) policy and practice and what facilitates and/or challenges this.

Design: Integrative literature review.

Methods: Pre-defined inclusion criteria were used.

Tailoring communication practices to support effective delivery of telehealth in general practice.

Background: The unprecedented increase in telehealth use due to COVID-19 has changed general practitioners' (GP) and patients' engagement in healthcare. There is limited specific advice for effective communication when using telehealth. Examining telehealth use in practice in conjunction with perspectives on telehealth as they relate to communication allows opportunities to produce evidence-based guidance for optimal use of telehealth, while also offering practitioners the opportunity to reflect on elements of their communicative practice common to both styles of consultation.

Contrast Sensitivity, Visual Field, Color Vision, Motion Perception, and Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: To examine relationships between visual function (ie, contrast sensitivity, visual field, color vision, and motion perception) and cognitive impairment, including any definition of "cognitive impairment," mild cognitive impairment, or dementia.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analyses.

Setting And Participants: Any settings; participants with (cases) or without (controls) cognitive impairment.

"Excited When They See Their Name in Print": Research Outputs from an Australian Medical Program.

To promote evidence-based practice, medical schools offer students opportunities to undertake either elective or mandatory research projects. One important measure of the research program success is student publication rates. In 2006, UNSW Medicine implemented a mandatory research program in the 4th year of the undergraduate medical education program.

A Longitudinal Study of the Use and Effects of Fall-Risk-Increasing Drugs in Residential Aged Care.

Objectives: Fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs)-psychotropics and cardiovascular disease (CVD) drugs-may elevate the risk of falling, with strong evidence observed in psychotropic FRIDs, whereas findings from cardiovascular disease (CVD) FRIDs remain inconclusive. Existing studies on FRIDs and falls are often hampered by methodologic limitations. Leveraging longitudinal observational data, we aimed to determine the long-term patterns of FRID use and their association with falls in residential aged care (RAC) homes.

Association between continued metformin use during hospital admission and hospital-acquired complications.

Aims: The safety of continuing metformin during a hospital admission has not been robustly demonstrated. We evaluated the association of continuing metformin in hospital with the risk for a hospital-acquired complication (HAC).

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of patients admitted to a medical or surgical ward.

Perception of middle-aged and older adults towards mHealth apps: A comparative factor analysis between Australia and Germany.

Objective: Although evidence of the global effectiveness and usability of mobile health (mHealth) apps as non-drug interventions is growing, older adults often demonstrate low adoption rates of these apps. This study aims to identify the perspectives of older adults on introducing and adopting mHealth apps in Australia and Germany.

Materials And Methods: We conducted two online cross-sectional surveys to examine factors from contextual, technological and personal perspectives that influence older adults in mHealth app adoption.

Co-designing strategies to improve advance care planning among people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds with cancer: iCanCarePlan study protocol.

Background: Advance care planning (ACP) describes the process of supporting individuals at any age or stage of health to consider and share their personal values, life goals, and preferences regarding future health care. Engaging in ACP is associated with better-quality of care in which people receive care in lines with their wishes, values and preferences. Direct translations of ACP guides and resources do not attend to the considerable inter- and intra-ethnic variations in cultural and religious or spiritual beliefs that shape preferences among people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds.

The relationship between participation in leisure activities and incidence of falls in residential aged care.

Background: Active engagement in leisure activities has positive effects on individuals' health outcomes and social functioning; however, there is limited understanding of the link between participation in leisure activities, particularly non-exercise activities, and falls in older adults. This study aimed to determine the relationship between participation in leisure activities and the incidence of falls, and the variation of this relationship by dementia status in residential aged care facilities (RACFs).

Methods: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study utilising routinely collected data (January 2021-August 2022) from 25 RACFs in Sydney, Australia, was conducted.

Smoking as a risk factor for lower extremity peripheral artery disease in women compared to men: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To investigate whether the relationship between smoking and peripheral artery disease (PAD) differs by sex (PROSPERO CRD42022352318).

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched (3 March 2024) for studies reporting associations between smoking and PAD in both sexes, at least adjusted for age. Data were pooled using random effects.

Adverse impacts in residential aged care facilities: The resident perspective.

Objectives: Inclusion of consumer perspectives is a key component to person-centred health-care approaches. While current residential aged care systems focus on recording adverse events to meet the requirements of regulatory reporting, little is known about the views of residents. The aim of this research was to explore residents' responses on the types of incidents that have an adverse impact on them and how they are affected by these incidents.

Co-production processes for translation and validation of psychosocial assessments for older adults in aged care.

Objective: Given the diverse ethnic backgrounds of aged care clients, there is a critical requirement to translate psychosocial assessment tools into various languages to effectively evaluate social engagement and quality of life in older adults receiving aged care services. This study aimed to translate psychosocial tools into Turkish, Korean and Mandarin, the primary languages spoken by clients of an Australian community aged care provider.

Methods: A co-development approach encompassing forward and backward translations of the Australian Community Participation Questionnaire and ICEpop CAPability measure for Older people tools, along with focus group discussions involving bilingual staff (n = 7) and clients (n = 16), was employed to ensure precision and cultural relevance.

Development and internal validation of a dynamic fall risk prediction and monitoring tool in aged care using routinely collected electronic health data: a landmarking approach.

Objectives: Falls pose a significant challenge in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). Existing falls prediction tools perform poorly and fail to capture evolving risk factors. We aimed to develop and internally validate dynamic fall risk prediction models and create point-based scoring systems for residents with and without dementia.

Covert Cerebrovascular Changes in People With Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Objectives: To determine the prevalence of silent brain infarction (SBI) and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) in adults with atrial fibrillation (AF), coronary artery disease, heart failure or cardiomyopathy, heart valve disease, and patent foramen ovale (PFO), with comparisons between those with and without recent stroke and an exploration of associations between heart disease and SBI/CSVD.

Methods: Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for hospital-based or community-based studies reporting SBI/CSVD in people with heart disease. Data were extracted from eligible studies.

Can the Reboot coaching programme support critical care nurses in coping with stressful clinical events? A mixed-methods evaluation assessing resilience, burnout, depression and turnover intentions.

Background: Critical care nurses (CCNs) are routinely exposed to highly stressful situations, and at high-risk of suffering from work-related stress and developing burnout. Thus, supporting CCN wellbeing is crucial. One approach for delivering this support is by preparing CCNs for situations they may encounter, drawing on evidence-based techniques to strengthen psychological coping strategies.

Qualitative study of challenges with recruitment of hospitals into a cluster controlled trial of clinical decision support in Australia.

Objective: To identify barriers to hospital participation in controlled cluster trials of clinical decision support (CDS) and potential strategies for addressing barriers.

Design: Qualitative descriptive design comprising semistructured interviews.

Setting: Five hospitals in New South Wales and one hospital in Queensland, Australia.

Drug-Drug Interactions and Actual Harm to Hospitalized Patients: A Multicentre Study Examining the Prevalence Pre- and Post-Electronic Medication System Implementation.

Introduction: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) have potential to cause patient harm, including lowering therapeutic efficacy. This study aimed to (i) determine the prevalence of potential DDIs (pDDIs); clinically relevant DDIs (cDDIs), that is, DDIs that could lead to patient harm, taking into account a patient's individual clinical profile, drug effects and severity of potential harmful outcome; and subsequent actual harm among hospitalized patients and (ii) examine the impact of transitioning from paper-based medication charts to electronic medication management (eMM) on DDIs and patient harms.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the control arm of a controlled pre-post study.