Down-regulation of interlinked inflammatory signalling cascades by ethanolic extract of Suaeda fruticosa Forssk. ex J.F. Gmel. attenuated in vivo inflammatory and nociceptive responses.

Juice and decoction of leaves of Suaeda fruticosa, a halophytic medicinal plant of Cholistan desert, is traditionally used to treat rheumatism. The current study was carried out to probe into in vivo anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic potential of ethanolic extract of the whole plant of S. fruticosa (Et-SF) and its bioactive molecules.

Outcomes Associated With Blastomycosis in Solid Organ and Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients.

Introduction: With reports of expanding epidemiology of blastomycosis across the United States, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and outcomes associated with blastomycosis in solid organ transplant (SOT) and hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective case series of adult SOT and HCT recipients at a tertiary care medical center between January 1, 2005 and September 30, 2023. Cases were defined as culture-proven blastomycosis.

Systematic Literature Review of Access Pathways to Drugs for Patients with Rare Diseases.

Objective: This article reviews the assessment pathways that have been implemented worldwide to facilitate access to drugs for patients with rare diseases.

Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to conduct a systematic literature review. The Ovid (Embase/MEDLINE), Cochrane, Web of Science, Econlit, National Institute of Health Research, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, and International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment databases were searched.

Latent Tuberculosis Infection Amongst Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: The Impact of Routine Pretransplant Review by a Transplant Infectious Diseases Physician.

Background: Identifying patients with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is challenging. This is particularly true amongst immunocompromised hosts, in whom the diagnostic accuracy of available tests is limited. The authors evaluated the impact of routine pretransplant review by a transplant infectious diseases (TID) physician on LTBI screening in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (alloHSCT) recipients.

Dietary and lifestyle oxidative balance score was negatively associated with the risk of diabetic kidney disease: NHANES 2005-2020.

Aims: There is a potential association between oxidative stress and the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The Oxidative Balance Score (OBS), derived from dietary and lifestyle factors, acts as a comprehensive marker of oxidative stress. Research examining the relationship between OBS and DKD is scarce.

Short-Term Urinary Incontinence After Radical Prostatectomy Is Still Based on Patients' Age, Nerve-Sparing Approach, and Surgical-Experience, Despite the Higher-Use of Robotic Surgery in 2022 Compared to 2016 Real-World Results of a Large Rehabilitation Center in Germany.

Background: Despite constant improvements, incontinence is one of the most relevant and quality-of-life-reducing side effects of radical prostatectomy (RP) and, in addition to patient-specific factors such as age, the experience of the surgeon/center and the surgical technique used play an important role.

Aims: To present current real-world data on short-term incontinence after RP from one of the largest German rehabilitation centers in 2022 and to compare it to the results from the same institution in 2016.

Methods And Results: Retrospective, unicentric, univariate analysis of data from 1394 men after RP in 2022 on admission and discharge from the rehabilitation clinic.

Longitudinal Patterns of Disordered Eating Behaviors in Children and Adolescents from the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort Study for Mental Conditions.

Objective: Disordered Eating Behaviors (DEB) are associated with dysfunctional changes in eating behavior, not meeting diagnostic criteria for eating disorders. DEB affects a significant percentage of individuals, yet it remains under-researched. The current study investigates the developmental trajectory and psychopathological correlates of DEB in children and adolescents in Brazil.

Extending Fundamental Cause Theory to Holistic Health.

Fundamental Cause Theory (FCT) offers a unique middle range and longitudinal understanding of the lasting social causational relationships between certain social conditions and disease/death. In this research note, I argue that FCT should extend its outcome measures beyond physical disease and death into holistic health. I briefly review how FCT is evaluated, explore the proposed extension and discuss some operational and conceptual challenges using mental illness and positive mental health outcomes as exemplars.

Cognitive risk and behaviour related to the effects of mobile phone use on sleep quality: an analysis of data from Chinese college students.

This study assessed the relationships among cognitive risk, phone use behaviors, and sleep quality. We used a questionnaire, which included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), mobile phone use behaviours, and questionnaires on mobile phone use cognitive risk to gather information from 1204 college students. T-test, chi-square test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test were applied to test differences in measurement data.

Impact of Race on the Outcomes of Retinoblastoma Treated With Primary Enucleation: A Global Study of 1426 Patients.

Background: To evaluate the clinical presentation, pathological features and outcomes of retinoblastoma based on the race of origin in a global cohort of patients.

Methods: Retrospective collaborative study of 1426 patients who underwent primary enucleation for retinoblastoma.

Results: Patients were grouped into Caucasians (n = 231, 16%), Asians (n = 841, 59%), Hispanics (n = 226, 16%), Arabs (n = 96, 7%) and Others (Africans, African Americans, Indigenous Australians; n = 32, 2%) cohorts.

The Chronic Headache Self-Efficacy Scale: Development and assessment of measurement properties.

Objective: To develop and assess the psychometrics of the Chronic Headache Self-Efficacy Scale (CHASE).

Background: Existing scales assess self-efficacy in coping strategies and management of symptoms and triggers but do not measure other important self-efficacy domains, such as performing daily activities and socializing in patients with chronic daily headache (CDH).

Methods: The study had two phases: (i) Development of the 14-item CHASE, with items derived from patients with CDH and a multidisciplinary healthcare team; (ii) longitudinal observational study for psychometric evaluation.

Metabolic Engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for High-Level Production of 1,5-Pentanediol, a C5 Diol Platform Chemical.

The biobased production of chemicals is essential for advancing a sustainable chemical industry. 1,5-Pentanediol (1,5-PDO), a five-carbon diol with considerable industrial relevance, has shown limited microbial production efficiency until now. This study presents the development and optimization of a microbial system to produce 1,5-PDO from glucose in Corynebacterium glutamicum via the l-lysine-derived pathway.

Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele is associated with better performance language and visual memory in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.

Background: The regulatory role of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele in the clinical manifestations of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the APOE ε4 allele on cognitive and motor functions in SCA3 patients.

Methods: This study included 281 unrelated SCA3 patients and 182 controls.

Feasibility of implementing a culturally and linguistically adapted telephone-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention for depression and anxiety with Hispanic and Latino cancer survivors.

Purpose/objectives: Hispanic and Latino (hereafter 'H/L') cancer survivors report higher rates of anxiety/depression and are less likely to receive psychosocial services than other survivors. We field-tested a culturally and linguistically adapted cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention with H/L post-treatment cancer survivors. Goals were to: (1) assess feasibility; (2) describe future efficacy outcomes; and (3) examine feedback for refinements.

Liver Cirrhosis as a Predictor of Infection Risk in Patients Undergoing Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).

BACKGROUND Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery is a widely used procedure for managing hydrocephalus; however, postoperative infections remain a serious complication, increasing morbidity and mortality. Known risk factors include prior surgeries, steroid use, and concurrent procedures. However, the role of liver cirrhosis, a condition that compromises immune function and predisposes patients to infections, has not been fully investigated in the context of neurosurgery.

Prediction of chronic severe intestinal failure-associated liver disease by current criteria in adults: A descriptive cohort study.

Introduction: Intestinal failure-associated liver disease covers a spectrum of conditions from mild to end-stage disease. Currently, there are 9 diagnostic criteria divided to four categories: cholestasis, steatosis, fibrosis, and unclassified. Our aim was to evaluate the application of these criteria to patients with chronic severe liver disease in patients with intestinal failure.

Endoscopic mucosal resection and open-lid submucosal biopsy for the diagnosis of diffuse infiltrative gastric cancer: a retrospective observational study.

Background And Study Aims: Diffuse infiltrative gastric cancer can be difficult to diagnose owing to a lack of endoscopic features in the superficial mucosa. Moreover, a forceps biopsy may not reveal a pathological diagnosis. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic yield and safety of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and 'open-lid submucosal biopsy', a technique wherein EMR followed by biopsy of the ulcer floor is performed for a pathological diagnosis.

Dermal Exposure to Agrochemicals as Risk Factor for Skin Cancer in Farmers and Ranchers in the US Central States.

Background: Farm operators are at a high risk of developing skin cancer due to their occupational sun exposure. With the growing incidence of skin cancer, it is also important to evaluate other occupational risk factors. Farm operators confront numerous physical, chemical, and biological hazards in their work environment.

Depression risk among breast cancer survivors: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea.

Background: Depression among breast cancer survivors is a significant concern affecting their long-term survivorship and quality of life. This study investigates the incidence of depression among breast cancer survivors and identifies associated risk factors.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database and included 59,340 breast cancer patients without a history of depression who underwent surgery between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2016.

Development and evaluation of an implementation strategy to increase HPV vaccination among underserved youth across Texas: a protocol paper.

Background: All for Them is a theory-based and evidence-informed multilevel, multicomponent program delivered through schools to increase HPV vaccination among medically underserved youth across Texas. Given the potential logistical challenges of program implementation, understanding how to best support the implementation and sustainment of the program is critical. The overall goals of this study are twofold: 1) develop a multifaceted implementation strategy, Implementing All for Them (IM-AFT); and 2) evaluate the impact of IM-AFT on implementation outcomes for schools and healthcare providers to successfully implement All for Them in their respective settings.

Evaluation of mobile applications related to patients with Parkinson's disease based on their essential features and capabilities.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Mobile technologies enable Parkinson's patients to improve their quality of life, manage symptoms, and enhance overall well-being through various applications (apps). There is no integrated list of specific capabilities available to cater to the unique needs of Parkinson's patient-focused mobile apps.

Reusing routine electronic health record data for nationwide COVID-19 surveillance in nursing homes: barriers, facilitators, and lessons learned.

Background: At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, little was known about the spread of COVID-19 in Dutch nursing homes while older people were particularly at risk of severe symptoms. Therefore, attempts were made to develop a nationwide COVID-19 repository based on routinely recorded data in the electronic health records (EHRs) of nursing home residents. This study aims to describe the facilitators and barriers encountered during the development of the repository and the lessons learned regarding the reuse of EHR data for surveillance and research purposes.

An opportunity to sleep well in hospital: development of a multi-level intervention to improve inpatient sleep (ASLEEP) using behaviour change theories.

Background: Sleep is substantial issue for hospital inpatients and can negatively affect healing and recovery. There is a good evidence-base for interventions which can improve sleep, however currently they are not being implemented into NHS practice. To address the evidence-practice gap, we have conducted early-phase development for an inpatient sleep intervention (ASLEEP); a multi-level intervention to improve inpatient sleep in UK hospital wards.

Assessing the impact of the iPeer2Peer program for adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a mixed-methods randomized controlled trial.

Background: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a chronic pediatric illness, whereby youth experience physical, emotional and psychosocial challenges that result in reduced health related quality of life (HRQL). Peer mentoring has been shown to improve disease self-management in adults with chronic conditions, with mixed results in younger populations. Building on our pilot work - which supported the feasibility and initial effectiveness of the iPeer2Peer program - the objective of this study was to assess the clinical effectiveness of the program in youth with JIA through a waitlist randomized controlled trial.

Specialized palliative outpatient clinic care involvement associated with decreased end-of-life hospital costs in cancer patients, a single center study.

Background: Studies show that hospital deaths bring significant health care costs, and the involvement of specialized palliative care can help to reduce these costs. The aim of this retrospective registry-based study was to evaluate end-of-life hospital costs in patients dying in a university hospital oncology ward, with or without specialized palliative outpatient clinic contact at any timepoint.

Methods: The study population consists of all patients who died in the Kuopio University Hospital oncology ward in the years 2012-2018 (n = 457).