Modifiable risk factors for developing otitis media with effusion in children under 12 years in high-income countries: a systematic review.

Objective: To systematically assess the modifiable risk factors for developing otitis media with effusion (OME) in children under 12 years.

Methods: We searched Embase, MEDLINE, INAHTA database, CENTRAL, CDSR and Epistemonikos for cohort studies with ≥40 children per arm/prognostic factor, published in English from 2000 to November 2022. We assessed risk of bias using the Quality in Prognosis Studies checklist, and overall evidence quality was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology.

Cost-Effectiveness of Routine Monitoring of Long-Term Conditions in Primary Care: Informing Decision Modelling with a Systematic Review in Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Long-term conditions (LTCs) are major public health problems with a considerable health-related and economic burden. Modelling is key in assessing costs and benefits of different disease management strategies, including routine monitoring, in the conditions of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in primary care.

Objective: This review aimed to identify published model-based cost-effectiveness studies of routine laboratory testing strategies in these LTCs to inform a model evaluating the cost effectiveness of testing strategies in the UK.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Antimicrobial Prescribing in the Treatment of Clostridioides Difficile Infection in England.

Background: An economic model was developed with guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 'Managing Common Infections' (MCI) Committee to evaluate the cost effectiveness of different antibiotic treatment sequences for treating Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in England.

Methods: The model consisted of a 90-day decision tree followed by a lifetime cohort Markov model. Efficacy data were taken from a network meta-analysis and published literature, while cost, utility and mortality data were taken from published literature.

Remote care through telehealth for people with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: People with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) require intensive follow-up with frequent consultations after diagnosis. IBD telehealth management includes consulting by phone, instant messenger, video, text message, or web-based services. Telehealth can be beneficial for people with IBD, but may have its own set of challenges.

Neonatal health care costs of very preterm babies in England: a retrospective analysis of a national birth cohort.

Objectives: Babies born between 27 and 31 weeks of gestation represent the largest group of very preterm babies requiring National Health Service (NHS) care; however, up-to-date, cost figures for the UK are not currently available. This study estimates neonatal costs to hospital discharge for this group of very preterm babies in England.

Design: Retrospective analysis of resource use data recorded within the National Neonatal Research Database.

Estimated impact from the withdrawal of primary care financial incentives on selected indicators of quality of care in Scotland: controlled interrupted time series analysis.

Objective: To determine whether the withdrawal of the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) scheme in primary care in Scotland in 2016 had an impact on selected recorded quality of care, compared with England where the scheme continued.

Design: Controlled interrupted time series regression analysis.

Setting: General practices in Scotland and England.

Knowledge user survey and Delphi process to inform development of a new risk of bias tool to assess systematic reviews with network meta-analysis (RoB NMA tool).

Background: Network meta-analysis (NMA) is increasingly used in guideline development and other aspects of evidence-based decision-making. We aimed to develop a risk of bias (RoB) tool to assess NMAs (RoB NMA tool). An international steering committee recommended that the RoB NMA tool to be used in combination with the Risk of Bias in Systematic reviews (ROBIS) tool (i.

Immediate birth for women between 34 and 37 weeks of gestation with prolonged preterm prelabour rupture of membranes and detection of vaginal or urine group B streptococcus: an economic evaluation.

Objective: What are the costs, benefits and harms of immediate birth compared with expectant management in women with prolonged preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) at 34 -36  weeks of gestation and detection of vaginal or urine group B streptococcus (GBS)?

Design: Mathematical decision model comprising three independent decision trees.

Setting: UK National Health Service (NHS) and personal social services perspective.

Population: Women testing positive for GBS with PPROM at 34 -36  weeks of gestation.

A memorandum of understanding has facilitated guideline development involving collaborating groups.

Objective: Collaboration between groups can facilitate the development of high-quality guidelines. While collaboration is often desirable, misunderstandings can occur. One method to minimize misunderstandings is the pre-specification of terms of engagement in a memorandum of understanding (MOU).

Coding Public Health Interventions for Health Technology Assessments: A Pilot Experience With WHO's International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI).

An important requirement for successful public health interventions is a standardized classification in order to make these health technologies comparable in all contexts and recognized by all parties. The WHO International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI), including an integrated public health component, has been developed to propose such an international standard. To test (a) the translation of public health interventions to ICHI codes and (b) the technical handling and general coding in public health, we used a set of public health interventions from a recent cross-sectional survey among Health Technology Assessment professionals.

Improving the precision of search strategies for guideline surveillance.

Introduction And Aim: NICE guideline surveillance determines whether previously published guidelines need updating. The surveillance process must balance time constraints with methodological rigor. It includes a rapid review to identify new evidence to contradict, reinforce or clarify guideline recommendations.

Core outcome sets through the healthcare ecosystem: the case of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: It is increasingly accepted that insufficient attention has been given to the patient health outcomes that are important to measure in comparative effectiveness research that will inform decision-making. The relationship between outcomes chosen for comparative effectiveness research, outcomes used in decision-making in routine care, and outcome data recorded in electronic health records (EHR) is also poorly understood. The COMET Initiative (http://www.

Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) in systematic reviews: reporting guideline.

In systematic reviews that lack data amenable to meta-analysis, alternative synthesis methods are commonly used, but these methods are rarely reported. This lack of transparency in the methods can cast doubt on the validity of the review findings. The Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) guideline has been developed to guide clear reporting in reviews of interventions in which alternative synthesis methods to meta-analysis of effect estimates are used.

NICE UpdateNICE public health guidance update.

This article covers recent National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance and standards relevant to public health with a focus on behaviour change. The article summarizes recommendations for local commissioners and providers to help them tackle a range of behaviours including smoking, poor eating patterns, lack of physical activity and alcohol misuse.

Reaching a shared understanding of shared decision making in health care: NICE's experience of scoping the shared decision making guideline.

NICE's guideline on shared decision making, currently under development, endeavours to support shared decision making as part of routine health care practice. In this article, we summarize our learning to date, gained through the scoping of the guideline, on the key challenges that need to be addressed in the guideline. The production of a scope is the first stage in the development of a NICE guideline, setting the parameters for what will be considered in the guideline.

The cost-effectiveness of public health interventions examined by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence from 2005 to 2018.

Background: Reviews of economic evaluations of public health (PH) interventions assessed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the periods 2005-2010 and 2011-2016 have been undertaken. This study combines these analyses, adds six further guidelines published since then, and thus provides a summary of cost-effectiveness of NICE's PH interventions to the present.

Methods: As in previous studies, economic evaluations carried out between 2005 and 2018 were categorised by the type of economic analysis used to extract and summarise base-case ICERs.