Social determinants of health and vaccine uptake during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review.

Social determinants of health significantly impact population health status. The aim of this systematic review was to examine which social vulnerability factors or determinants of health at the individual or county level affected vaccine uptake within the first phase of the vaccination program. We performed a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature published from January 2020 until September 2021 in Medline and Embase (Bagaria et al.

Plain Language vs Standard Format for Youth Understanding of COVID-19 Recommendations: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: To ensure that youths can make informed decisions about their health, it is important that health recommendations be presented for understanding by youths.

Objective: To compare understanding, accessibility, usability, satisfaction, intention to implement, and preference of youths provided with a digital plain language recommendation (PLR) format vs the original standard language version (SLV) of a health recommendation.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This pragmatic, allocation-concealed, blinded, superiority randomized clinical trial included individuals from any country who were 15 to 24 years of age, had internet access, and could read and understand English.

Durability and extent of protection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among patients with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines.

Introduction: Information on the magnitude and durability of humoral immunity against COVID-19 among specific populations can guide policies on vaccination, return from isolation and physical distancing measures. The study determined the durability of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after an initial infection among Filipinos in Metro Manila, Philippines, and the extent of protection SARS-CoV-2 antibodies confer against reinfection.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study to monitor the antibody levels of patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

A multimethods randomized trial found that plain language versions improved parents' understanding of health recommendations.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of plain language compared with standard language versions of COVID-19 recommendations specific to child health.

Study Design And Setting: Pragmatic, allocation-concealed, blinded, superiority randomized controlled trial with nested qualitative component. Trial was conducted online, internationally.

Validation of the qSOFA and CRB-65 in SARS-CoV-2-infected community-acquired pneumonia.

Rationale: Prognostic accuracy of the quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) and CRB-65 (confusion, respiratory rate, blood pressure and age (≥65 years)) risk scores have not been widely evaluated in patients with SARS-CoV-2-positive compared to SARS-CoV-2-negative community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The aim of the present study was to validate the qSOFA(-65) and CRB-65 scores in a large cohort of SARS-CoV-2-positive and SARS-CoV-2-negative CAP patients.

Methods: We included all cases with CAP hospitalised in 2020 from the German nationwide mandatory quality assurance programme and compared cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection to cases without.

Research priorities regarding the use of bisphosphonates for osteoporosis: a UK priority setting exercise.

Purpose: Worldwide, many people who would benefit from osteoporosis drugs are not offered or receiving them, resulting in an osteoporosis care gap. Adherence with bisphosphonates is particularly low. This study aimed to identify stakeholder research priorities relating to bisphosphonate treatment regimens for prevention of osteoporotic fractures.

Delivering yoga to people with hypertension in the UK: A qualitative study to explore yoga providers' knowledge, experiences, and attitudes.

Background And Aims: Yoga has become increasingly popular in the world and the UK for improving health and well-being. A growing body of research suggests that yoga could be used to improve the management of hypertension in addition to current management strategies. Previous cross-sectional studies have also reported that hypertension is one of the most commonly disclosed health conditions in yoga sessions in the United Kingdom.

GRADE concept 4: rating the certainty of evidence when study interventions or comparators differ from PICO targets.

Objectives: This Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) concept article offers systematic reviewers, guideline authors, and other users of evidence assistance in addressing randomized trial situations in which interventions or comparators differ from those in the target people, interventions, comparators, and outcomes. To clarify what GRADE considers under indirectness of interventions and comparators, we focus on a particular example: when comparator arm participants receive some or all aspects of the intervention management strategy (treatment switching).

Study Design And Setting: An interdisciplinary panel of the GRADE working group members developed this concept article through an iterative review of examples in multiple teleconferences, small group sessions, and e-mail correspondence.

Health Consequences of Falls among Older Adults in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Research has been conducted on the prevalence of health consequences of falls among older adults (aged ≥60 years) in India, and our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthe-size the existing evidence on this topic. The JBI guideline was followed for conducting this review work. Several databases were searched, and eight studies were included.

Clinical decision support in promoting evidence-based nursing in primary healthcare: a cross-sectional study in Finland.

Introduction And Aims: The aim was to explore clinical decision support (CDS) use in the practice of primary healthcare nurses. The objectives were to recognize to what extent nurses (registered nurses, public health nurses, and practical nurses) use CDS, what factors were associated with the CDS used, what kind of organizational support nurses need, and what were nurses' views about CDS development needs.

Methods: The study was conducted with a cross-sectional study design, using an electronic questionnaire developed for this purpose.

Transition for adolescents with a rare disease: results of a nationwide German project.

Purpose: The transition process from paediatric/adolescent to adult medical care settings is of utmost importance for the future health of adolescents with chronic diseases and poses even more difficulties in the context of rare diseases (RDs). Paediatric care teams are challenged to deliver adolescent-appropriate information and structures. Here we present a structured transition pathway which is patient-focused and adoptable for different RDs.

Challenges and enablers for implementation of WHO 'Best buys' interventions targeting risk factors of diabetes and hypertension in South Africa: a mixed methods study.

Introduction: World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the implementation of 'Best buys', cost-effective interventions that address risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, country responses to the implementation of these have been slow and undocumented. The aim of this study was to identify and understand challenges and enablers for the implementation of WHO 'Best buys' for risk factors of diabetes and hypertension in South Africa (SA).

Timing of Allergenic Food Introduction and Risk of Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Allergy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Earlier egg and peanut introduction probably reduces risk of egg and peanut allergy, respectively, but it is uncertain whether food allergy as a whole can be prevented using earlier allergenic food introduction.

Objective: To investigate associations between timing of allergenic food introduction to the infant diet and risk of food allergy.

Data Sources: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL databases were searched for articles from database inception to December 29, 2022.

Organizational factors and safe food handling by food service workers: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to explore and map the scientific evidence on organizational factors related to safe food handling by food service workers to prevent foodborne disease.

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, more than 600 million people become ill each year due to foodborne diseases. Improper food handling is one of the main causes of such diseases.

Nutritional Health Knowledge and Literacy among Pregnant Women in the Czech Republic: Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.

Adequate nutrition and the nutritional status of pregnant women are critical for the health of both the mother and the developing foetus. Research has shown a significant impact of nutrition on the child's health and the future risk of developing chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. There is currently no data on the level of nutritional knowledge of Czech pregnant women.

Self-reported Versus Physician-reported Severity of Chronic Hand Eczema: Concordance Analysis Based on Data from the German Chronic Hand Eczema Patient Long-Term Management Registry.

Self-assessment of general health status has a significant influence on patient-related outcomes. The aims of this study were to investigate and compare the level of agreement between patients' and dermatologists' assessments of the severity of chronic hand eczema. From the German registry "German Chronic Hand Eczema Patient Long-Term Management Registry" (CARPE), 1,281 pairs of patients with chronic hand eczema and their dermatologists were included.

From critical appraisal to risk of bias assessment: clarifying the terminology for study evaluation in JBI systematic reviews.

The foundations for critical appraisal of literature have largely progressed through the development of epidemiologic research methods and the use of research to inform medical teaching and practice. This practical application of research is referred to as evidence-based medicine and has delivered a standard for the health care profession where clinicians are equally as engaged in conducting scientific research as they are in the practice of delivering treatments. Evidence-based medicine, now referred to as evidence-based health care, has generally been operationalized through empirically supported treatments, whereby the choice of treatments is substantiated by scientific support, usually by means of an evidence synthesis.

Impact of educational and psychological interventions compared with standard care in college/university students with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review protocol.

Objective: This review will explore the impact of educational and psychological interventions on educational, social, behavioral, and mental health outcomes in students with autism spectrum disorder in tertiary education.

Introduction: This systematic review will inform a new guideline on support for students with autism spectrum disorder in the tertiary education environment. These students face multiple educational, behavioral, social, and health-related problems that require effective interventions.