Photoprotective mechanisms in Elysia species hosting Acetabularia chloroplasts shed light on host-donor compatibility in photosynthetic sea slugs.

Sacoglossa sea slugs have garnered attention due to their ability to retain intracellular functional chloroplasts from algae, while degrading other algal cell components. While protective mechanisms that limit oxidative damage under excessive light are well documented in plants and algae, the photoprotective strategies employed by these photosynthetic sea slugs remain unresolved. Species within the genus Elysia are known to retain chloroplasts from various algal sources, but the extent to which the metabolic processes from the donor algae can be sustained by the sea slugs is unclear.

Toxicity of particulate emissions from residential biomass combustion: An overview of in vitro studies using cell models.

This article aims to critically review the current state of knowledge on in vitro toxicological assessments of particulate emissions from residential biomass heating systems. The review covers various aspects of particulate matter (PM) toxicity, including oxidative stress, inflammation, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity, all of which have important implications for understanding the development of diseases. Studies in this field have highlighted the different mechanisms that biomass combustion particles activate, which vary depending on the combustion appliances and fuels.

Ecotoxicological evaluation of effluent from bovine slaughterhouses disinfected by peracetic acid (PAA) using the bioindicator Girardia tigrina.

The evaluation of the ecotoxicological effects of the effluent after treatment with peracetic acid is relevant to help establish reference concentrations for the disinfection process and waste recovery. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the ecotoxicity of effluent from a bovine slaughterhouse treated with peracetic acid on Girardia tigrina. The toxicity bioassays for planaria were the acute test (LC) and chronic assays: locomotion, regeneration, reproduction and fertility.

Comparison of the Regenerative Metabolic Efficiency of Lipid Extracts from Microalgae and on Fibroblasts.

UVA radiation leads to oxidative stress and inflammation in skin cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of lipid extracts from microalgae () (marine) and () (freshwater) on the redox balance and PUFA metabolism in human skin fibroblasts modified by UVA. Lipid extracts from both types of microalgae introduced into the fibroblast medium after UVA irradiation significantly reduced the level of ROS and enhanced expression of Nrf2, which increased the activity/level of antioxidants (SOD1/2, CAT, GSH, Trx).

Fatty Acid Profile and and sp. Load of Wild-Caught Seaweed Fly (Haliday, 1838) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae).

World aquaculture is expected to continue to grow over the next few decades, which amplifies the need for a higher production of sustainable feed ingredients for aquatic animals. Insects are considered good candidates for aquafeed ingredients because of their ability to convert food waste into highly nutritional biomass. However, commercially available terrestrial insect species lack long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), which are essential biomolecules for marine cultured species.

Evaluating the success of vegetation restoration in rewilded salt marshes.

Floodbank realignment is a common practice aimed at restoring salt marsh vegetation on previously embanked land. However, experiences indicate that it may take several years before salt marsh vegetation becomes fully established. Various challenges arising from ecogeomorphic feedback mechanisms could pose significant setbacks to vegetation recolonization.

Mammal responses to global changes in human activity vary by trophic group and landscape.

Wildlife must adapt to human presence to survive in the Anthropocene, so it is critical to understand species responses to humans in different contexts. We used camera trapping as a lens to view mammal responses to changes in human activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Across 163 species sampled in 102 projects around the world, changes in the amount and timing of animal activity varied widely.

Oxidized phospholipid-protein adducts: The future targets of interest.

Phospholipids are key biomolecules with important roles as components of membranes, lipoproteins and as signalling molecules. However, phospholipids are quite prone to oxidation. Upon oxidation they generate several types of oxidation products including long chain oxidation products, as hydroperoxyl and hydroxy derivatives, and highly reactive oxidation products, like small aldehydes and truncated oxidized phospholipids.

Study of the influence of tributyrin-supplemented diets on the gut bacterial communities of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Dietary supplementation with triglyceride tributyrin (TBT), a butyrate precursor, has been associated with beneficial effects on fish health and improvements in the ability of carnivorous fish to tolerate higher levels of plant-based protein. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of a plant-based diet supplemented with TBT on the structural diversity and putative function of the digesta-associated bacterial communities of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In addition to this, we also assessed the response of fish gut digestive enzyme activities and chyme metabolic profile in response to TBT supplementation.

Ocean acidification impact on the uptake of trace elements by mussels and their biochemical effects.

This study delves into the intricate interplay between ocean acidification (OA), metal bioaccumulation, and cellular responses using mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) as bioindicators. For this purpose, environmentally realistic concentrations of isotopically labelled metals (Cd, Cu, Ag, Ce) were added to investigate whether the OA increase would modify metal bioaccumulation and induce adverse effects at the cellular level. The study reveals that while certain elements like Cd and Ag might remain unaffected by OA, the bioavailability of Cu and Ce could potentially escalate, leading to amplified accumulation in marine organisms.

Effects of HO pretreatment on the elemental fingerprints of bivalve shells and their implications for the traceability of geographic origin.

The fraudulent mislabelling of seafood geographic origin has been growing due to complex supply chains and growing consumer demand. To address this issue, seafood traceability tools, such as those based on elemental fingerprints (EF) of bivalve shells, have been successfully used to confirm their harvesting location. However, despite the usefulness of these methodologies, there is still room for optimization.

Restoration of degraded estuarine and marine ecosystems: A systematic review of rehabilitation methods in Europe.

This article provides a comprehensive study of ecosystem rehabilitation methods widely used in the 21st century, focusing on Europe. The review covers the evolution and trends in scientific article publication, identification of European countries demonstrating high publication outputs, collaboration patterns, leading journals, and thematic areas. Additionally, it examines primary stressors in European aquatic ecosystems, and different methods and treatments commonly employed for remediation purposes.

Hidden threats in the plastisphere: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales colonizing microplastics in river water.

Carbapenem resistance poses a significant burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as potential contributors to antibiotic resistance spread in the environment. However, the link between MPs and carbapenem resistance remains unexplored.

Relationship between wintering site and survival in a migratory waterbird using different migration routes.

When wintering at different sites, individuals from the same breeding population can experience different conditions, with costs and benefits that may have implications throughout their lifetime. Using a dataset from a longitudinal study on Eurasian Spoonbills from southern France, we explored whether survival rate varied among individuals using different wintering sites. In the last 13 years, more than 3000 spoonbills have been ringed as chicks in Camargue.

Ecotoxicity Assessment of Nanomaterials: Latest Advances and Prospects.

In the fast-evolving landscape of nanotechnology, the widespread applications of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have undoubtedly revolutionized various industries, ranging from healthcare and electronics to agriculture and environmental remediation [...

Effect of physical exercise on immune, inflammatory, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and fatty acids of breast cancer survivors: results from the MAMA_MOVE Gaia After Treatment trial.

Purpose: Physical exercise has positive effects on clinical outcomes of breast cancer survivors such as quality of life, fatigue, anxiety, depression, body mass index, and physical fitness. We aimed to study its impact on immune, inflammatory, cardiometabolic, and fatty acids (FA) biomarkers.

Methods: An exploratory sub-analysis of the MAMA_MOVE Gaia After Treatment trial (NCT04024280, registered July 18, 2019) was performed.

Only rare classical MHC-I alleles are highly expressed in the European house sparrow.

The exceptional polymorphism observed within genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a core component of the vertebrate immune system, has long fascinated biologists. The highly polymorphic MHC class-I (MHC-I) genes are maintained by pathogen-mediated balancing selection (PMBS), as shown by many sites subject to positive selection, while the more monomorphic MHC-I genes show signatures of purifying selection. In line with PMBS, at any point in time, rare classical MHC alleles are more likely than common classical MHC alleles to confer a selective advantage in host-pathogen interactions.

Is the carotenoid production from Phaffia rhodozyma yeast genuinely sustainable? a comprehensive analysis of biocompatibility, environmental assessment, and techno-economic constraints.

Microorganisms, such as yeasts, filamentous fungi, bacteria, and microalgae, have gained significant attention due to their potential in producing commercially valuable natural carotenoids. In recent years, Phaffia rhodozyma yeasts have emerged as intriguing non-conventional sources of carotenoids, particularly astaxanthin and β-carotene. However, the shift from academic exploration to effective industrial implementation has been challenging to achieve.

Impacts of humic substances, elevated temperature, and UVB radiation on bacterial communities of the marine sponge Chondrilla sp.

Sponges are abundant components of coral reefs known for their filtration capabilities and intricate interactions with microbes. They play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance of coral reefs. Humic substances (HS) affect bacterial communities across terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems.

Plasma lipidomics analysis reveals altered profile of triglycerides and phospholipids in children with Medium-Chain Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.

Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) is the most prevalent mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation disorder. In this study, we assessed the variability of the lipid profile in MCADD by analysing plasma samples obtained from 25 children with metabolically controlled MCADD (following a normal diet with frequent feeding and under l-carnitine supplementation) and 21 paediatric control subjects (CT). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed for the analysis of esterified fatty acids, while high-resolution C18-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyse lipid species.

The Photoprotective Behavior of a Motile Benthic Diatom as Elucidated from the Interplay Between Cell Motility and Physiological Responses to a Light Microgradient Using a Novel Experimental Setup.

It has long been hypothesized that benthic motile pennate diatoms use phototaxis to optimize photosynthesis and minimize photoinhibitory damage by adjusting their position within vertical light gradients in coastal benthic sediments. However, experimental evidence to test this hypothesis remains inconclusive, mainly due to methodological difficulties in studying cell behavior and photosynthesis over realistic spatial microscale gradients of irradiance and cell position. In this study, a novel experimental approach was developed and used to test the hypothesis of photosynthesis optimization through motility, based on the combination of single-cell in vivo chlorophyll fluorometry and microfluidic chips.

Indoor PM from residential coal combustion: Levels, chemical composition, and toxicity.

Indoor air quality is crucial for human health due to the significant time people spend at home, and it is mainly affected by internal sources such as solid fuel combustion for heating. This study investigated the indoor air quality and health implications associated with residential coal burning covering gaseous pollutants (CO, CO and total volatile organic compounds), particulate matter, and toxicity. The PM chemical composition was obtained by ICP-MS/OES (elements), ion chromatography (water-soluble ions) and thermal-optical analysis (organic and elemental carbon).