Micro-CT scan with virtual dissection of left ventricle is a non-destructive, reproducible alternative to dissection and weighing for left ventricular size.

Micro-CT scan images enhanced by iodine staining provide high-resolution visualisation of soft tissues in laboratory mice. We have compared Micro-CT scan-derived left ventricular (LV) mass with dissection and weighing. Ex-vivo micro-CT scan images of the mouse hearts were obtained following staining by iodine.

Climate and COVID-19 pandemic: effect of heat and humidity on the incidence and mortality in world's top ten hottest and top ten coldest countries.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global public health crisis with social, psychological and long-lasting economical damages. Weather-related dynamics have an impact on the pattern of human health and disease. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of heat and humidity on daily basis incidence and mortality due to COVID-19 pandemic in ten of the world's hottest countries compared to ten of the coldest ones.

Toward targeted prevention: risk factors for prediabetes defined by impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance and increased HbA1c in the population-based KORA study from Germany.

Aims: To identify socioeconomic, behavioral and clinical factors that are associated with prediabetes according to different prediabetes definition criteria.

Methods: Analyses use pooled data of the population-based Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) studies (n = 5312 observations aged ≥ 38 years without diabetes). Prediabetes was defined through either impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or elevated HbA1c according to thresholds of the American Diabetes Association.

Effect of temperature and humidity on the dynamics of daily new cases and deaths due to COVID-19 outbreak in Gulf countries in Middle East Region.

Objective: Weather-related dynamics have an impact on the pattern of health and disease. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of temperature and humidity on the daily new cases and daily new deaths due to COVID-19 in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in the Middle East.

Materials And Methods: We selected all the six GCC countries, including Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar and Oman.

Association of plasma biomarkers of fruit and vegetable intake with incident type 2 diabetes: EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study in eight European countries.

Objective: To investigate the association of plasma vitamin C and carotenoids, as indicators of fruit and vegetable intake, with the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Design: Prospective case-cohort study.

Setting: Populations from eight European countries.

Concise Polygenic Models for Cancer-Specific Identification of Drug-Sensitive Tumors from Their Multi-Omics Profiles.

In silico models to predict which tumors will respond to a given drug are necessary for Precision Oncology. However, predictive models are only available for a handful of cases (each case being a given drug acting on tumors of a specific cancer type). A way to generate predictive models for the remaining cases is with suitable machine learning algorithms that are yet to be applied to existing in vitro pharmacogenomics datasets.

Disparate Effects of Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia on Experimental Kidney Disease.

It is well established that diabetes is the major cause of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Both hyperglycemia, and more recently, advanced glycation endproducts, have been shown to play critical roles in the development of kidney disease. Moreover, the renin-angiotensin system along with growth factors and cytokines have also been shown to contribute to the onset and progression of diabetic kidney disease; however, the role of lipids in this context is poorly characterized.

A qualitative study of users' experiences after 3 months: the first Rwandan diabetes self-management Smartphone application "Kir'App".

Background: Owing to the increasing popularity of smartphones in Rwanda, almost 75% of the entire population currently has access to the internet. Although it has been shown that smartphone applications can support diabetes self-management, there was no diabetes self-management application available in Rwanda until April 2019. Based on the findings of a prior study assessing the needs and expectations of potential users, 'Kir'App' was developed to fill that void.

Psychological care in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in a real-world setting and associations with metabolic control.

Background: International guidelines recommend psychosocial care for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: To assess psychological care in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in a real-world setting and to evaluate associations with metabolic outcome.

Methods: Delivery of psychological care, HbA1c, and rates of severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes from 199 diabetes care centers participating in the German diabetes survey (DPV) were analyzed.

Multicentre analysis of hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state and diabetic ketoacidosis in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Aims: To compare diabetes patients with hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state (HHS), diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and patients without decompensation (ND).

Methods: In total, 500,973 patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes of all ages registered in the diabetes patient follow-up (DPV) were included. Analysis was stratified by age (≤ / > 20 years) and by manifestation/follow-up.

Stratification and prediction of drug synergy based on target functional similarity.

Drug combinations can expand therapeutic options and address cancer's resistance. However, the combinatorial space is enormous precluding its systematic exploration. Therefore, synergy prediction strategies are essential.

Children with onset-ketoacidosis are admitted to the nearest hospital available, regardless of center size.

Background To investigate longitudinal trends of admissions with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in new-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) and subsequent duration of hospitalization in association with structural health care properties, such as size of treatment facility, population density and linear distance between home and treatment centers. Methods Data from 24,321 German and Austrian pediatric patients with newly-diagnosed T1D between 2008 and 2017 within the DPV registry were analyzed. Results Onset-DKA rates fluctuated at around 19% and slightly increased over the observation period (p<0.

Changes in pancreatic exocrine function in young at-risk children followed to islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in the ENDIA study.

Backgrounds: We aimed to monitor pancreatic exocrine function longitudinally in relation to the development of islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) in at-risk children with a first-degree relative with T1D, who were followed prospectively in the Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) study.

Methods: Fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) concentration was measured longitudinally in 85 ENDIA children from median age 1.0 (IQR 0.

Hepatic steatosis induced in C57BL/6 mice by a non-ß oxidizable fatty acid analogue is associated with reduced plasma kynurenine metabolites and a modified hepatic NAD/NADH ratio.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is often associated with obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and the metabolic syndrome in addition to mitochondrial dysfunction and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) deficiency. The aim of this study was to investigate how inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation using the compound tetradecylthiopropionic acid (TTP) would affect hepatic triacylglycerol level and plasma levels of kynurenine (Kyn) metabolites and nicotinamide.

Methods: 12 C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet, or an intervention diet supplemented with 0.

Prevalence and risk factors of perirenal hyperintensities on T2-weighted MR imaging.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and severity of perirenal hyperintensities (PRHs) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their risk factors in the general population.

Methods: 1752 participants (910 women, 842 men, median age: 52 years) of the Study of Health in Pomerania were included. A visual classification system was established to assess the severity of PRHs (stage 0: no PRHs visible to stage 3: extensive PRHs visible).

Diabetes management in Wolcott-Rallison syndrome: analysis from the German/Austrian DPV database.

Background: Wolcott-Rallison syndrome (WRS) is characterized by permanent early-onset diabetes, skeletal dysplasia and several additional features, e.g. recurrent liver failure.

Biological and epidemiological trends in the prevalence and mortality due to outbreaks of novel coronavirus COVID-19.

The novel coronavirus (Covid-19) infection outbreak has posed a major threat to the international health system and economy. This study is aimed at investigating the biological and epidemiological trends in the prevalence and mortality due to outbreaks of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections. The data on the global outbreak of COVID-19, were obtained from World Health Organization (WHO), Worldometer, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and research institutes.

Sexually dimorphic DNA-methylation in cardiometabolic health: A systematic review.

Sex is a major determinant of cardiometabolic risk. DNA methylation (DNAm), an important epigenetic mechanism that differs between sexes, has been associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review studies in adults investigating sex-specific associations of DNAm with intermediate cardiometabolic traits and incident cardiovascular disease including stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary heart disease (CHD).

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rates Calculated by New and Old Equations in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes-What to Do With the Results?

To apply and evaluate various equations for estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) in a large paediatric type 1 diabetes population and compare the eGFR values with urinary creatinine clearances (UCC) in a subset of patients. Six eGFR formulae applicable for children and adolescents were used for calculation of eGFR values in 36,782 children/adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Via regression models, factors influencing eGFR values were identified.

Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: prevalence, biological and clinical characteristics comparison with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.

Objective: Human infections with zoonotic coronavirus contain emerging and reemerging pathogenic characteristics which have raised great public health concern. This study aimed at investigating the global prevalence, biological and clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus, Wuhan China (2019-nCoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection outbreaks.

Materials And Methods: The data on the global outbreak of "2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV" were obtained from World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), concerned ministries and research institutes.

A standard set of person-centred outcomes for diabetes mellitus: results of an international and unified approach.

Aims: To select a core list of standard outcomes for diabetes to be routinely applied internationally, including patient-reported outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a structured systematic review of outcome measures, focusing on adults with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. This process was followed by a consensus-driven modified Delphi panel, including a multidisciplinary group of academics, health professionals and people with diabetes.

Nox (NADPH Oxidase) 1, Nox4, and Nox5 Promote Vascular Permeability and Neovascularization in Retinopathy.

Hypertension is a risk factor for the vascular permeability and neovascularization that threatens vision in diabetic retinopathy. Excess reactive oxygen species derived from the Nox (NADPH oxidase) isoforms, Nox1 and Nox4, contributes to vasculopathy in diabetic retinopathy; however, if Nox1/4 inhibition is beneficial in hypertensive diabetic retinopathy is unknown. Here, we determined that diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats had exacerbated retinal vascular permeability and expression of angiogenic and inflammatory factors, compared with normotensive diabetic Wistar Kyoto rats.

Associations between self-management behavior and sociodemographic and disease-related characteristics in elderly people with type 2 diabetes - New results from the population-based KORA studies in Germany.

Aims: Self-management behavior (SMB) is an important aspect in the management of diabetes. This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and disease-related factors associated with good SMB in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: We used data from 479 people with T2D aged 65 or older from the population-based KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Area of Augsburg) Health Survey 2016 in Southern Germany.