117 results match your criteria: "Centre for Culture[Affiliation]"

Body synchrony in triadic interaction.

R Soc Open Sci

September 2020

Centre for Culture and Evolution, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.

Humans subtly synchronize body movement during face-to-face conversation. In this context, bodily synchrony has been linked to affiliation and social bonding, task success and comprehension, and potential conflict. Almost all studies of conversational synchrony involve dyads, and relatively less is known about the structure of synchrony in groups larger than two.

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Raising a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can often be a difficult and stressful process for families and caregivers. Though research on ASDs in Africa is burgeoning, very little is known about autism in francophone West Africa. Furthermore, no known ASD studies have explored parental experiences in particular from a cross-cultural perspective.

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Article Synopsis
  • Inaccurate citations are misleading references that can distort the original claims of cited sources, often overlooked due to challenges in detection and reluctance to correct them.
  • Researchers review the current landscape of citation inaccuracies, identifying factors that contribute to both their publication and circulation, such as poor editorial quality control and careless quoting practices.
  • They propose "MyCites," an online tool that enables users to annotate and track inaccurate citations, alerting relevant authors and editors, and facilitating better citation integrity in the academic community.
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The intensifying pace of research based on cross-cultural studies in the social sciences necessitates a discussion of the unique challenges of multi-sited research. Given an increasing demand for social scientists to expand their data collection beyond WEIRD (Western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic) populations, there is an urgent need for transdisciplinary conversations on the logistical, scientific and ethical considerations inherent to this type of scholarship. As a group of social scientists engaged in cross-cultural research in psychology and anthropology, we hope to guide prospective cross-cultural researchers through some of the complex scientific and ethical challenges involved in such work: (a) study site selection, (b) community involvement and (c) culturally appropriate research methods.

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Reports an error in "Human status criteria: Sex differences and similarities across 14 nations" by David M. Buss, Patrick K. Durkee, Todd K.

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Evaluating the impact of open access policies on research institutions.

Elife

September 2020

Centre for Culture and Technology, School of Media, Creative Arts and Social Inquiry, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.

The proportion of research outputs published in open access journals or made available on other freely-accessible platforms has increased over the past two decades, driven largely by funder mandates, institutional policies, grass-roots advocacy, and changing attitudes in the research community. However, the relative effectiveness of these different interventions has remained largely unexplored. Here we present a robust, transparent and updateable method for analysing how these interventions affect the open access performance of individual institutes.

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Dynamics of behavior change in the COVID world.

Am J Hum Biol

September 2020

Department of Cognitive and Information Sciences, Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California, Merced, California, USA.

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Background: The internet is a source of health information for many consumers. However, little is known about the availability of online resources about immunisation (for children and adults) directed at refugee and migrant populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health literacy demand (understandability, actionability & readability) and cultural appropriateness of immunisation resources in Australia for these communities.

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As economic games have spread from experimental economics to other social sciences, so too have critiques of their usefulness for drawing inferences about the 'real world'. What these criticisms often miss is that games can be used to reveal individuals' private preferences in ways that observational and interview data cannot; furthermore, economic games can be designed such that they provide insights into real-world behaviour. Here, we draw on our collective experience using economic games in field contexts to illustrate how researchers can strategically alter the framing or design of economic games to draw inferences about private-world or real-world preferences.

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Collective rituals serve social functions for the groups that perform them, including identifying group members and signalling group commitment. A novel social group paradigm was used in an afterschool programme ( = 60 4-11-year-olds) to test the influence of participating in a ritual task on in-group displays and out-group monitoring over repeated exposures to the group. The results demonstrate that ritual participation increases in-group displays (i.

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[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported online in on Sep 7 2020 (see record 2020-68801-001). In the original article, the third sentence in the Content level subsection in the Status Criteria More Central to Women section of the Results should appear instead as , and increase women's status more than men's. A coding error in Figure 7 for Dishonoring Family appeared.

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The "4E" approach to cognition argues that cognition does not occur solely in the head, but is also , , , or by way of extra-cranial processes and structures. Though very much in vogue, 4E cognition has received relatively few critical evaluations. By reflecting on two recent collections, this article reviews the 4E paradigm with a view to assessing its strengths and weaknesses.

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Young children develop causal knowledge through everyday family conversations and activities. Children's museums are an informative setting for studying the social context of causal learning because family members engage together in everyday scientific thinking as they play in museums. In this multisite collaborative project, we investigate children's developing causal thinking in the context of family interaction at museum exhibits.

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Culture and mood disorders: the effect of abstraction in image, narrative and film on depression and anxiety.

Med Humanit

December 2020

Arts & Humanities/Centre for Culture and Evolution, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK

Can cultural representations be used to therapeutic effect in the treatment of mood disorders like depression and anxiety? This article develops a theoretical framework that outlines how this might be achieved by way of mid-level cultural metrics that allow otherwise heterogeneous forms of representation to be grouped together. Its prediction is that abstract representations-as measured by Shannon entropy-will impact positively on anxiety, where concrete representations will positively impact on depression. The background to the prediction comes from construal level theory, a branch of social psychology that deals with the effects of abstraction on psychological distance; the types of cultural representations analysed include image, narrative and film.

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Ineffective, aversive and harmful medical treatments are common cross-culturally, historically and today. Using evolutionary game theory, we develop the following model to explain their persistence. Humans are often incapacitated by illness and injury, and are unusually dependent on care from others during convalescence.

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Interdisciplinary arts and health practice with an institutional logics perspective.

Arts Health

October 2019

Centre for Culture and Health, Institute of Communication & Psychology, Aalborg University, Copenhagen , Denmark.

: Investigating the interdisciplinary relationships between stakeholders engaged in arts and health practice in the UK and Denmark, specifically with regard to institutional logics theory. The identified stakeholders: health professionals, museum educators and mental health service users. : Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 participants: health professionals, museum educators and service users.

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Culture Vitamins - an Arts on Prescription project in Denmark.

Perspect Public Health

May 2019

Postdoc, Centre for Culture and Health, Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, A.C. Meyers Vænge 15, 2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark.

Aims: Four Arts on Prescription (AoP) projects are piloting in Denmark between 2016 and 2019. One of the local authorities delivering the project is Aalborg. The AoP project 'Culture Vitamins' runs for 10 weeks and offers a variety of cultural activities averaging 2.

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The emergence of large-scale cooperation during the Holocene remains a central problem in the evolutionary literature. One hypothesis points to culturally evolved beliefs in punishing, interventionist gods that facilitate the extension of cooperative behaviour toward geographically distant co-religionists. Furthermore, another hypothesis points to such mechanisms being constrained to the religious ingroup, possibly at the expense of religious outgroups.

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Previous research suggests that how people conceive of minds depends on the culture in which they live, both in determining how they interact with other human minds and how they infer the unseen minds of gods. We use exploratory factor analysis to compare how people from different societies with distinct models of human minds and different religious traditions perceive the minds of humans and gods. In two North American samples (American adults, N = 186; Canadian students, N = 202), we replicated a previously found two-factor agency/experience structure for both human and divine minds, but in Fijian samples (Indigenous iTaukei Fijians, N = 77; Fijians of Indian descent, N = 214; total N = 679) we found a three-factor structure, with the additional containing items related to social relationships.

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This revision of the classification of eukaryotes follows that of Adl et al., 2012 [J. Euk.

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Mate Preferences and Their Behavioral Manifestations.

Annu Rev Psychol

January 2019

Centre for Culture and Evolution, Brunel University London, Middlesex UB8 3PH, United Kingdom; email:

Evolved mate preferences comprise a central causal process in Darwin's theory of sexual selection. Their powerful influences have been documented in all sexually reproducing species, including in sexual strategies in humans. This article reviews the science of human mate preferences and their myriad behavioral manifestations.

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Mental state reasoning has been theorized as a core feature of how we navigate our social worlds, and as especially vital to moral reasoning. Judgments of moral wrong-doing and punish-worthiness often hinge upon evaluations of the perpetrator's mental states. In two studies, we examine how differences in cultural conceptions about how one should think about others' minds influence the relative importance of intent vs.

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Despite significant advances to the HIV epidemic, prevention remains a challenge globally. Adolescent girls and young women in southern and Eastern Africa are still at high risk of acquiring HIV infection with limited prevention options. The expanding product pipeline of novel drugs and delivery approaches has highlighted the importance of acceptability and uptake of these anti-retroviral based products to realize their full prevention potential.

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Article Synopsis
  • PrEP (Pre-exposure prophylaxis) is a highly effective HIV prevention method using anti-retroviral therapy, specifically aimed at individuals at high risk, with the potential to reduce local HIV incidence by 25% overall and 30% among gay and bisexual men.
  • The PrEPX study in Victoria, Australia intends to provide generic PrEP to 3,800 individuals over 36 months, involving regular health screenings and data collection to monitor its effectiveness and participant behavior.
  • Important insights gained from this study will inform future PrEP implementation strategies and potentially influence policy regarding subsidized access to PrEP medications in Australia.
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Much of the research on sexual attitudes has focused on biological sex as a predictor variable. This work has consistently demonstrated that men are more permissive in attitudes toward casual sex than are women. Less is known, however, about how other individual difference variables may shape sexual attitudes.

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