495 results match your criteria: "Centre for Asthma[Affiliation]"

Nonpharmacological Approaches to Chronic Cough.

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract

December 2024

Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; NIHR-Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.

Although cough is a protective reflex, it can occur in the absence of any physical need to clear the airway. In chronic cough, cough can be triggered by innocuous stimuli and persist despite medical treatment. Nonpharmacological interventions such as cough control therapy, provided by speech pathologists, have gained popularity in recent years.

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Article Synopsis
  • Airway remodeling plays a crucial role in severe or uncontrolled asthma, influenced by epithelial-mesenchymal trophic units (EMTUs) activated by airway epithelial cells (AECs).
  • Researchers found that elevated levels of the gene Cathepsin C (CTSC) in asthma patients correlate with disease severity and airway remodeling, as shown through RNA sequencing and sputum analysis.
  • Targeting CTSC with a specific compound not only reduced inflammation but also inhibited EMTU activation and airway remodeling, highlighting its potential as a biomarker and treatment target for severe asthma.
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Background: Cough severity represents an important endpoint to assess the impact of therapies for patients with refractory chronic cough (RCC).

Objective: To develop a new patient-reported outcome measure addressing cough severity in patients with RCC.

Methods: Phase 1 (item generation): A systematic survey, focus groups, and expert consultation generated 51 items.

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Aging in chronic lung disease: Will anti-aging therapy be the key to the cure?

Eur J Pharmacol

October 2024

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Basic and Clinical Research Laboratory of Major Respiratory Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Medical Function, China. Electronic address:

Chronic lung disease is the third leading cause of death globally, imposing huge burden of death, disability and healthcare costs. However, traditional pharmacotherapy has relatively limited effects in improving the cure rate and reducing the mortality of chronic lung disease. Thus, new treatments are urgently needed for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease.

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Acute asthma exacerbation refers to the progressive deterioration of asthma symptoms that is always triggered by virus infection represented by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). After RSV infection, exaggerated Th2-mediated pulmonary inflammation is the critical pathological response of asthmatic patients with acute exacerbation. Significantly, airway epithelial cells, being the primary targets of RSV infection, play a crucial role in controlling the pulmonary inflammatory response by releasing airway epithelial cell-derived exosomes (AEC-Exos), which potentially influence the development of asthma.

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Airway epithelial overexpressed cathepsin K induces airway remodelling through epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit activation in asthma.

Br J Pharmacol

October 2024

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Background And Purpose: Airway epithelial cells (AECs) regulate the activation of epithelial-mesenchymal trophic units (EMTUs) during airway remodelling through secretion of signalling mediators. However, the major trigger and the intrinsic pathogenesis of airway remodelling is still obscure.

Experimental Approach: The differing expressed genes in airway epithelia related to airway remodelling were screened and verified by RNA-sequencing and signalling pathway analysis.

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Background: IgE-mediated food allergy (FA) is a global health concern with substantial individual and societal implications. While diverse intervention strategies have been researched, inconsistencies in reported outcomes limit evaluations of FA treatments. To streamline evaluations and promote consistent reporting, the Core Outcome Measures for Food Allergy (COMFA) initiative aimed to establish a Core Outcome Set (COS) for FA clinical trials and observational studies of interventions.

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IL-33 is a proinflammatory cytokine thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A recent clinical trial using an anti-IL-33 antibody showed a reduction in exacerbation and improved lung function in ex-smokers but not current smokers with COPD. This study aimed to understand the effects of smoking status on IL-33.

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ITGB4 deficiency in airway epithelia enhances HDM-induced airway inflammation through hyperactivation of TLR4 signaling pathway.

J Leukoc Biol

February 2023

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road Street, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.

Airway epithelial cells (AECs) are the first cell barrier of the respiratory system against external stimuli that play a critical role in the development of asthma. It is known that AECs play a key role in asthma susceptibility and severity. ITGB4 is a downregulated adhesion molecule in the airway epithelia of asthma patients, which was involved in the exaggerated lung inflammation after allergy stimulation.

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The pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not fully elucidated. COVID-19 is due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which causes severe illness and death in some people by causing immune dysregulation and blood T cell depletion. Increased numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a diverse role in the pathogenesis of many infections and cancers but their function in COVID-19 remains unclear.

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Introduction: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-2019) still causes a high rate of death globally with no definite curative treatment described. The traditional plant Borage (Borago officinalis L.) is a good source of gamma-linolenic (GLA).

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The aim of the study was to examine the following: (a) the trajectory of external and internal head and neck lymphoedema (HNL) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) up to 12 months post-chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and (b) the relationship between HNL and swallowing function. Using a prospective longitudinal cohort study, external/internal HNL and swallowing were examined in 33 participants at 3, 6 and 12 months post-CRT. External HNL was assessed using the Assessment of Lymphoedema of the Head and Neck and the MD Anderson Cancer Centre Lymphoedema Rating Scale.

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ITGB4 deficiency induces DNA damage by downregulating HDAC1 in airway epithelial cells under stress stimulation.

Pediatr Allergy Immunol

October 2022

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Background: DNA damage in airway epithelia under exogenous disruptors can trigger various pulmonary diseases. Integrin beta 4 (ITGB4) is a structural adhesion molecule, which is indicated to regulate the process of DNA damage in airway epithelia for its unique long cytoplasmic domain subunit.

Methods: The expression level of ITGB4 and the degree of DNA damage were observed in the house dust mite (HDM)-stressed model and ozone-challenged model, respectively.

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Airway epithelial ITGB4 deficiency induces airway remodeling in a mouse model.

J Allergy Clin Immunol

February 2023

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China. Electronic address:

Background: Airway epithelial cells (AECs) with impaired barrier function contribute to airway remodeling through the activation of epithelial-mesenchymal trophic units (EMTUs). Although the decreased expression of ITGB4 in AECs is implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma, how ITGB4 deficiency impacts airway remodeling remains obscure.

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of epithelial ITGB4 deficiency on the barrier function of AECs, asthma susceptibility, airway remodeling, and EMTU activation.

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Existing tests vs. novel non-invasive assays for detection of invasive aspergillosis in patients with respiratory diseases.

Chin Med J (Engl)

July 2022

Respiratory Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.

Background: Although existing mycological tests (bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL] galactomannan [GM], serum GM, serum (1,3)-β-D-glucan [BDG], and fungal culture) are widely used for diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in non-hematological patients with respiratory diseases, their clinical utility in this large population is actually unclear. We aimed to resolve this clinical uncertainty by evaluating the diagnostic accuracy and utility of existing tests and explore the efficacy of novel sputum-based Aspergillus assays.

Methods: Existing tests were assessed in a prospective and consecutive cohort of patients with respiratory diseases in West China Hospital between 2016 and 2019 while novel sputum assays (especially sputum GM and Aspergillus-specific lateral-flow device [LFD]) in a case-controlled subcohort.

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Do Low-Density Granulocytes Induce Lymphopenia in Patients with COVID-19?

Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol

June 2022

National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and the National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom AND Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.

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Integrins are double-edged swords in pulmonary infectious diseases.

Biomed Pharmacother

September 2022

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Research Center of China-Africa Infectious Diseases, Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address:

Integrins are an important family of adhesion molecules that are widely distributed on immune cells in the lungs. Of note, accumulating evidences have shown that integrins are double-edged swords in pulmonary infectious diseases. On one hand, integrins promote the migration of immune cells to remove the invaded pathogens in the infected lungs.

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Background: Cough symptom severity represents an important subjective end-point to assess the impact of therapies for patients with refractory or unexplained chronic cough (RCC/UCC). As existing instruments assessing the severity of cough are neither widely available nor tested for measurement properties, we aim to develop a new patient-reported outcome measure addressing cough severity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to establish items and domains that would inform development of a new cough severity instrument.

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Galactooligosaccharides and 2'-fucosyllactose can directly suppress growth of specific pathogenic microbes and affect phagocytosis of neutrophils.

Nutrition

April 2022

Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Objectives: Non-digestible oligosaccharides such as milk oligosaccharides (MOS) can regulate and influence immune function. As an example, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), and 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL; a specific human MOS) regulate immune development and functionality. Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), both serious pathogens, can cause severe and life-threatening infections.

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ITGB4 deficiency induces mucus hypersecretion by upregulating MUC5AC in RSV-infected airway epithelial cells.

Int J Biol Sci

March 2022

Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the main cause of bronchiolitis in children. Excessive mucus secretion is one of the primary symbols in RSV related lower respiratory tract infections (RSV-related LRTI), which is closely associated with the occurrence and development of asthma in later life. Integrin β4 (ITGB4) is down-regulated in the airway epithelial cells (AECs) of asthma patients which plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of asthma.

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Lung diseases can complicate pregnancy, but little is known about the experiences of pregnancy among women living with such diseases. This survey aimed to understand the experiences of women with a lung condition before and during pregnancy, in childbirth and post-partum. The survey was translated into nine languages and hosted online between March and May 2018.

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miRNA-34b/c regulates mucus secretion in RSV-infected airway epithelial cells by targeting FGFR1.

J Cell Mol Med

November 2021

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in airway epithelial cells is the main cause of bronchiolitis in children. Excessive mucus secretion is one of the primary symbols in RSV related lower respiratory tract infections (RSV-related LRTI). However, the pathological processes of mucus hypersecretion in RSV-infected airway epithelial cells remains unclear.

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Involvement of epithelia-derived exosomes in chronic respiratory diseases.

Biomed Pharmacother

November 2021

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Research Center of China-Africa Infectious Diseases, Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address:

Exosomes are tiny membrane lipid bilayer vesicles (φ40-100 nm) formed by the fusion of multivesicular bodies with plasma membrane, which are released extracellular by exocytosis. As natural nanocarriers, exosomes contain a variety of signal substances of the mother cell: nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, etc., which always play a vital role in the transmission of signal molecules between different cells.

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In this study we assessed the effects of antigen exposure in mice pre-sensitized with allergen following viral infection on changes in lung function, cellular responses and tight junction expression. Female BALB/c mice were sensitized to ovalbumin and infected with influenza A before receiving a second ovalbumin sensitization and challenge with saline, ovalbumin (OVA) or house dust mite (HDM). Fifteen days post-infection, bronchoalveolar inflammation, serum antibodies, responsiveness to methacholine and barrier integrity were assessed.

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Background: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are categorized as granulocytic (G-MDSCs) and monocytic (M-MDSCs) and their expansion play a role in cancer progression. Recruitment to the cancer site depends upon the presence of a chemoattractant. We aimed to investigate the presence of MDSC subtypes and of interleukin-8 (CXCL-8) in the peripheral blood in lung cancer subtypes including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients.

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