Driver influence on vehicle trajectory prediction.

Drivers continually interact with other road users and use information from the road environment to make decisions to control their vehicle. A clear understanding of different parameters impacting this interaction can provide us with a new design approach for a more effective driver assistance system - a personalised trajectory prediction system. This paper highlights the influential factors on trajectory prediction system performance by (i) identifying driver behaviours impacting the trajectory prediction system; and (ii) analysing other contributing factors such as traffic density, secondary task, gender and age group.

Comparing the accuracy of ICD-based severity estimates to trauma registry-based injury severity estimates for predicting mortality outcomes.

Introduction: Trauma registries have been used internationally for several decades to measure the quality of trauma care between hospitals. Given the significant costs involved in establishing and maintaining trauma registries, and increasing availability of routinely collected, linked health data describing a patient's journey (and inherent cost savings in data re-use), there is significant interest in development of integrated, comprehensive trauma data repositories. However, approaches to estimating injury severity using routinely collected data would need to be developed if routinely collected hospital data were to be used as an alternative/supplement to registries.

Environmental risk factors associated with respiratory diseases in children with socioeconomic disadvantage.

Children are more vulnerable to environmental exposures determinant of respiratory diseases due to their dynamic developmental physiology. Whereas social determinants of health are also associated with a higher risk of these diseases in children exposed to environmental risk factors, most studies incorporate them as covariates in the statistical analysis rather than focusing on specific vulnerable populations. In this study a systematic review searched and selected studies of respiratory diseases in children with socioeconomic disadvantage to identify the environmental risk factors associated with these diseases.

Loud and clear? Train horn practice at railway level crossings in Australia.

The road environment has changed markedly over the years. Train horns are ostensibly used to alert road users and are typically mandatory on approach to railway level crossings. However, they have increasingly been seen as a nuisance.

Can't simply roll it out: Evaluating a real-world virtual reality intervention to reduce driving under the influence.

Driving under the influence (DUI) increases the risk of crashes. Emerging technologies, such as virtual reality (VR), represent potentially powerful and attractive tools for the prevention of risky behaviours, such as DUI. Therefore, they are embraced in prevention efforts with VR interventions primed to grow in popularity in near future.

Three Es of linked injury data: Episodes, Encounters and Events.

Background: Treatment and recovery times following injury can be lengthy, comprising multiple interactions with the hospital system for initial acute care, subsequent rehabilitation and possible re-presentation due to complications.

Aims: This article aims to promote the use of consistent terminology in injury data linkage studies, suggest important factors to consider when managing linked injury data, and encourage thorough documentation and a robust discourse around different approaches to data management to ensure reproducibility, consistency and comparability of analyses arising from linked injury data.

Approach: This paper is presented in sections describing: (1) considerations for identifying injury cohorts, (2) considerations for grouping Episodes into Encounters and (3) considerations for grouping Encounters into Events.

Drink driving during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, static roadside random breath testing (RBT) was temporarily suspended between 16 March and 12 June 2020 in Queensland, Australia. In addition to restrictions on travel and social interactions, this provided a unique opportunity to examine changes in drink-driving behaviour during and after a reduction in RBT operations in the community. Three cross-sectional surveys were disseminated at different time points to examine these differences.

Risk to workers or vehicle damage: What makes drivers slow down in work zones?

Objective: Speeding in work zones is common and poses significant safety hazards to motorists and workers. Previous studies have demonstrated that speeding is reduced when workers are visible to the drivers, suggesting that concern for the safety of workers influences drivers' speed choice. Conversely, the extent of speeding when workers are not visible suggests that drivers underestimate the increased risk of crashes or other damage to their vehicles associated with the poorer road conditions common at roadworks (loose surfaces and debris, narrower lane width and drop-offs etc.

Driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol: Predicting the intentions of young drivers.

Driving under the influence (DUI) of drugs or alcohol impairs driving performance and, as a result, increases the risk of crashes. The risk of DUI is five-fold higher for young drivers (aged 18-25 years), but little is known about what determines their DUI intentions. This study applied an extended model of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to address the research question of what factors might influence young drivers' future intentions to DUI.

Comparing the risky behaviours of shared and private e-scooter and bicycle riders in downtown Brisbane, Australia.

Electric scooter (e-scooter) use has increased internationally, with concerns about injuries to riders and pedestrians, and reports of non-use of helmets, excessive speed, drink-riding and underage riding. E-scooter regulations vary widely among jurisdictions, with likely effects on the extent and nature of safety issues. This study was conducted in downtown Brisbane, Australia, where e-scooters must be ridden on the footpath, bicycles are allowed on the road and the footpath, and helmet use is mandatory for bicycle and e-scooter riders of all ages.

Women cycling in Queensland: Results from an observational study.

Women are less likely to ride than men in low cycling countries such as Australia. In Australia, self-reported cycling participation appears to be declining, particularly for women. This paper examines the rider and road environment correlates of women's cycling.

Truckies and the Australian transport industry: Managers' perspectives about enablers and inhibitors to workplace health promotion.

Background: There is little published research about managers' views about implementing and embedding workplace health promotion interventions.

Objective: To shed light on research-to-practice challenges in implementing workplace health promotion interventions in the Australian road transport industry.

Methods: In this Participatory Action Research project, managers from small-to-midsized companies in the Australian road transport industry were asked their views about enablers and barriers to implementing nutrition and physical activity interventions in their workplace.

Understanding the predictors of young drivers' speeding intention and behaviour in a three-month longitudinal study.

This study aimed to examine to what extent an Adolescent Speeding Specific Model (ASSM), extending the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), predicts young drivers' (aged 18-25) future and past speeding (n = 126). The ASSM tested the contribution of demographics, split TPB, additional predictors and past behaviour to young drivers' speeding at two moments of time, over three months. Hierarchical multiple regression revealed that participants most likely to speed in the future were those who have done so in the past (independent predictor (ip): past compliance with the speed limit), and who were not certain in their ability to control their speeding (ip: self-efficacy).

Speed characteristics of speed pedelecs, pedelecs and conventional bicycles in naturalistic urban and rural traffic conditions.

To assess the potential impact of the higher speeds of pedal-assisted bicycles on safety, this study compared conventional bicycles, pedelecs and speed pedelecs (hereafter called s-pedelecs) on mean speeds, speed variability, harsh braking events (decelerations > 2 m/s), and mean speeds above the speed limit (MSAL) in rural and urban areas in the Netherlands Data were collected in daily traffic, while the legal maximum speed for speed-pedelecs was 25 km/h, and pedelecs and s-pedelecs shared the infrastructure with conventional bicycles. Data were collected, using two-wheelers equipped with accelerometers and GPS. Personality factors - sensation seeking and risk taking - were measured with surveys.

Effect of warning message on driver's stop/go decision and red-light-running behaviors under fog condition.

The red-light-running (RLR) warning system has substantial potentials in helping drivers make proper stop/go decisions and reducing the RLR violations. Adverse foggy weather degrades drivers' performances and may also affect the effectiveness of the RLR warning system. However, limited research has been conducted regarding the impact of the RLR warning on driving performances under foggy weather.

Safe trip: Factors contributing to slip, trip and fall risk at train stations.

Public transport systems are vital services in urban environments. The design of these complex socio-technical systems is continuously evolving to accommodate larger populations, and their adaptation is essential in supporting the successful and sustainable development of cities and regions. An essential part of this adaptation includes working to increase passenger safety and to minimise their risk of injury.