Influences on use of antibiotics without prescription by the public in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative evidence.

Objectives: Self-medication with antibiotics is common practice in many low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). This review synthesizes the qualitative evidence on influences on perceptions and practices in relation to self-medication by the public with antibiotics in LMIC.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted of relevant medical, international and social science databases.

The CO-produced Psychosocial INtervention delivered by GPs to young people after self-harm (COPING): protocol for a feasibility study.

Background: Self-harm in young people is a growing concern and reducing rates a global priority. Rates of self-harm documented in general practice have been increasing for young people in the UK in the last two decades, especially in 13-16-year-olds. General practitioners (GPs) can intervene early after self-harm but there are no effective treatments presently available.

Combined MRI, high-resolution manometry and a randomised trial of bisacodyl versus hyoscine show the significance of an enlarged colon in constipation: the RECLAIM study.

Background: Colonic motility in constipation can be assessed non-invasively using MRI.

Objective: To compare MRI with high-resolution colonic manometry (HRCM) for predicting treatment response.

Design: Part 1: 44 healthy volunteers (HVs), 43 patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) and 37 with functional constipation (FC) completed stool diaries and questionnaires and underwent oral macrogol (500-1000 mL) challenge.

Exploring the burden of paediatric acute otitis media with discharge in the UK: a qualitative study.

Background: Acute otitis media with discharge (AOMd) results from a tympanic membrane perforation secondary to a middle ear infection. Currently, the impact of AOMd on children and young people (CYP) and their families is not well understood. There is also a need to explore the experience of healthcare professionals in treating AOMd.

Embedding the 'CoolCuddle' intervention for infants undergoing therapeutic hypothermia for hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy in NICU: an evaluation using normalisation process theory.

Objectives: Newborn infants exposed to lack of oxygen and blood flow to the brain around birth may develop brain dysfunction (hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy-HIE). These infants undergo 72 hours of cooling therapy and most are not held by their parents in the UK. We examined the implementation of 'CoolCuddle', identifying factors that impact embedding of this complex intervention in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) across England.

Opportunities and challenges for identifying undiagnosed Rare Disease patients through analysis of primary care records: long QT syndrome as a test case.

Background: Patients with rare genetic diseases frequently experience significant diagnostic delays. Routinely collected data in the electronic health record (EHR) may be used to help identify patients at risk of undiagnosed conditions. Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a rare inherited cardiac condition associated with significant morbidity and premature mortality.

Development of a vocational rehabilitation intervention to support return-to-work and well-being following major trauma: a person-based approach.

Objectives: Major trauma centres (MTCs) save lives but rehabilitation to support return-to-work (RTW) is lacking. This paper describes development of a vocational rehabilitation intervention (the ROWTATE intervention) to support RTW following traumatic injury.

Design: Sequential and iterative person-based approach in four stages- review of evidence about the efficacy and mechanisms of RTW interventions; interviews (n=38) and focus groups (n=25) with trauma survivors and service providers in five UK MTCs to identify the issues, and challenges faced postinjury; : codesign workshops (n=43) with trauma stakeholders in MTCs to conceptually test and identify intervention delivery barriers/enablers; meetings (n=7) with intervention development working group (IDWG) to: (1) generate guiding principles, (2) identify key intervention features (process, components, mechanisms) to address unmet rehabilitation needs; (3) generate a logic model and programme theory to illustrate how the intervention works; and (4) develop a training package to support delivery.

Diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care tests for acute respiratory infection: a systematic review of reviews.

Background: Acute respiratory infections are a common reason for consultation with primary and emergency healthcare services. Identifying individuals with a bacterial infection is crucial to ensure appropriate treatment. However, it is also important to avoid overprescription of antibiotics, to prevent unnecessary side effects and antimicrobial resistance.

Evaluating qualitative data analysis workshops from the perspective of public contributors.

Background: The aim of this project is to evaluate public contributors' experiences of their involvement in qualitative data analysis workshops during an on-going research project titled 'Personalised Primary care for Patients with Multiple long-term conditions'.

Methods: Four qualitative data analysis workshops were designed and conducted between August and December 2023. We used the Cube evaluation framework (henceforth referred to as the Cube) to evaluate the workshops.

Effect of Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme roles on prescription patterns and patient satisfaction in England: a retrospective panel data analysis.

Background: In 2019, the Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme (ARRS) was introduced in England as a crucial component of the government's manifesto pledge to enhance access to general practice. The primary objective was to recruit 26 000 extra personnel through new roles into general practice.

Aim: To analyse the effects of ARRS staff on prescription rates and patient satisfaction.

Long-term antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of rheumatic fever recurrence and progression to rheumatic heart disease.

Background: Rheumatic fever is a non-suppurative, inflammatory sequela of group A Streptococcus pharyngitis that can occur at two to four weeks after infection. Following an episode of rheumatic fever, there is a risk of developing rheumatic heart disease (RHD) later in life that carries significant risk of morbidity and mortality. RHD remains the largest global cause of cardiovascular disease in the young (age < 25 years).

Cost-effectiveness of the 'Stay One Step Ahead' Home Safety programme for the prevention of injuries among children under 5 years.

Background: Unintentional injuries are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the under-5s, but undertaking home safety practices can reduce injury risk. Stay One Step Ahead (SOSA) is an evidence-based standardised home safety programme. This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of SOSA versus usual care in Nottingham, UK.

Prescription and nonprescription drug misuse and abuse in community pharmacies in Iraq: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: There is little known regarding prescription and nonprescription medicine nonmedical use (abuse and misuse) in Iraq, with limited treatment. Pharmacists could be a valuable source of information in the absence of any national monitoring system.

Aims: This study aimed to explore Iraqi community pharmacists' perspectives on prescription and nonprescription medicine abuse/misuse, including motives for use and how often they encounter people whom they think are misusing or abusing medicines.

Menopause symptom prevalence in three post-COVID-19 syndrome clinics in England: A cross-sectional analysis.

Objectives: There is an overlap between symptoms of perimenopause/menopause and post-COVID syndrome and there is a concern that some female patients referred to post-COVID syndrome clinics may have undiagnosed perimenopause/menopause. However, the prevalence of such symptoms in this population is unknown.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 122 women's health questionnaires as part of a service improvement project in three National Health Service post-COVID syndrome clinics in England.

How do primary care clinicians approach hospital admission decisions for people in the final year of life? A systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Background: The final year of life is often associated with increasing health complexities and use of health services. This frequently includes admission to an acute hospital which may or may not convey overall benefit. This uncertainty makes decisions regarding admission complex for clinicians.

Healthcare professionals as domestic abuse survivors: workplace impact and support-seeking.

Background: Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are expected to identify and respond to domestic abuse (DA) among their patients. Although research suggests that a high proportion of HCPs are affected by DA, the impact of their experiences has been under-researched.

Aims: To assess UK HCPs' experiences of DA and develop a broad understanding of its impact on work and HCPs' support needs.

Incidence, antimicrobial prescribing practice, and associated healthcare costs of paediatric otorrhoea in primary care in the UK: a longitudinal population study.

Background: Paediatric otorrhoea (PO) is a symptom-based diagnosis encompassing acute and chronic ear infections that cause otorrhoea in children and young people (CYP).

Aim: To understand the burden of PO on primary care services.

Design And Setting: This was a longitudinal population study in UK primary care.