Why does tinnitus vary with naps? A polysomnographic prospective study exploring the somatosensory hypothesis.

Background: Tinnitus, defined as the conscious awareness of a noise without any identifiable corresponding external acoustic source, can be modulated by various factors. Among these factors, tinnitus patients commonly report drastic increases of tinnitus loudness following nap sleep. Previous studies have suggested that this clinical pattern could be attributed to a somatosensory modulation of tinnitus.

The Optiflow™ interface for chronic CPAP in infants.

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is increasingly used in infants. However, the limited number of commercially masks available for infants is challenging. The use of the Optiflow™ nasal cannula (Fisher & Paykel) with a regular CPAP device has been recently reported for chronic CPAP in children, with an objective improvement in polysomnographic events.

[Research on napping: where do we stand?].

WHERE DO WE STAND? Sleep specialists have proposed measures to counter the short- and long-term negative consequences of sleep deprivation, suggesting that the recovery nap could be a "powerful physiological public health tool". This article focus on napping as a "countermeasure" to the current epidemic of sleep debt. We review the restorative functions of naps explored in laboratory studies (alertness, memory, stress, immune function, pain sensitivity) with definite public health ramifications (sleep-related accidents, school and work performance, cardiovascular risk).

SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of depressive symptoms: a retrospective longitudinal study from the population-based CONSTANCES cohort.

Background: Should COVID-19 have a direct impact on the risk of depression, it would suggest specific pathways for prevention and treatment. In this retrospective population-based study, we aimed to examine the association of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection with depressive symptoms, distinguishing self-reported . biologically confirmed COVID-19.

REM sleep remains paradoxical: sub-states determined by thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical functional connectivity.

During paradoxical sleep (PS, aka REM sleep) the cerebral cortex displays rapid electroencephalographic activity similar to that of wakefulness, whereas in the posterior associative thalamus, rapid activity is interrupted by frequent periods of slow-wave (delta) oscillations at 2-3 Hz, thereby dissociating the intrinsic frequency in thalamus and cortex. Here we studied the functional consequences of such a dissociation using intrathalamic and intracortical recordings in 21 epileptic patients, applying coherence analysis to examine changes in functional connectivity between the posterior thalamus (mainly medial pulvinar) and six cortical functional networks, and also between each cortical network with respect to the others. Periods of slow-wave thalamic activity ('delta PS') were more prevalent than phases of 'rapid PS,' and the delta/rapid thalamic alternance did not overlap with the classical tonic/phasic dichotomy based on rapid eye movements.

Napping during cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia: Friends or foes?

Cognitive and Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is the gold standard treatment for chronic insomnia, with one crucial step being the restriction of time spent in bed. This restriction often intensifies early afternoon sleepiness, leading to a natural gateway for a short recuperative nap, which might foster adherence to CBT-I over time. In practice, mental health professionals providing CBT-I lack consensus on whether or not to tolerate short naps during the CBT-I period for requesting patients.

Climate change anxiety and its association with somatic symptom distress and idiopathic environmental intolerances: A cross-sectional study.

Context: Individuals need greater climate change awareness in order to mitigate and adapt to climate changes but this awareness can lead to negative health outcomes including climate change anxiety.

Objective: To explore the associations between climate change anxiety, idiopathic environmental intolerances and somatic symptom distress, after accounting for modern health worries, anxiety and depression.

Methods: A non-representative sample of healthy volunteers completed a cross-sectional online survey that included the Climate Change Anxiety scale (CCA-13), single questions about idiopathic intolerance to five environmental agents, the Somatic Symptoms scale (SSS-8), the Modern Health Worries scale (MHW-12), and the Patient Health Questionnaire for symptoms of anxiety and depression (PHQ-4).

A new nonsense pathogenic variant in exon 1 of PHOX2B leads to the diagnosis of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome with intra-familial variability.

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a rare genetic disorder of the autonomic nervous system resulting in decreased brain sensitivity to hypercapnia and hypoxia characterized by a genetic abnormality in the pair-like homeobox 2B (PHOX2B) gene. Most patients have a heterozygous expansion of the polyalanine repeat in exon 3 (PARM), while 10 % of patients have non-PARM (NPARM) mutations that can span the entire gene. The majority of pathogenic variants are de novo, but variants with incomplete penetrance can be identified in the heterozygous state.

[Pulmonary function test: The testing of children].

In paediatrics, the pulmonary function test (PFT) is most often performed to support the diagnosis or in follow-up of asthma patients. Whatever the pathology responsible for respiratory symptoms and/or functional impairment, repeated PFTs make it possible to establish a prognosis (pulmonary function trajectories…) and to orient preventive interventions. PFT can be performed routinely from the age of three years, provided that the following requirements are met: suitable techniques and equipment, staff trained to apply the techniques and to receive young children, reference values for each technique indicating the limits of normal values and of between-test significant variation.

Exploring the Influence of Acid-Base Status on Athletic Performance during Simulated Three-Day 400 m Race.

This study aimed to investigate the ability of highly trained athletes to consistently perform at their highest level during a simulated three-day 400 m race and to examine the impact of an alkaline diet associated with chronic consumption of bicarbonate-rich water or placebo on their blood metabolic responses before and after the three races. Twenty-two highly trained athletes, divided into two groups-one with an alkalizing diet and placebo water (PLA) and the other with an alkalizing diet and bicarbonate-rich water (BIC)-performed a 400 m race for three consecutive days. Performance metrics, urine and blood samples assessing acid-base balance, and indirect markers of neuro-muscular fatigue were measured before and after each 400 m race.

Diagnosing OSA and Insomnia at Home Based Only on an Actigraphy Total Sleep Time and RIP Belts an Algorithm "Nox Body Sleep™".

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced clinical sleep protocols with stricter hospital disinfection requirements. Facing these new rules, we tested if a new artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm: The Nox BodySleep™ (NBS) developed without airflow signals for the analysis of sleep might assess pertinently sleep in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and chronic insomnia (CI) as a control group, compared to polysomnography (PSG) manual scoring.

Patients-methods: NBS is a recurrent neural network model that estimates Wake, NREM, and REM states, given features extracted from activity and respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP) belt signals (Nox A1 PSG).

Metrology of two wearable sleep trackers against polysomnography in patients with sleep complaints.

Sleep trackers are used widely by patients with sleep complaints, however their metrological validation is often poor and relies on healthy subjects. We assessed the metrological validity of two commercially available sleep trackers (Withings Activité/Fitbit Alta HR) through a prospective observational monocentric study, in adult patients referred for polysomnography (PSG). We compared the total sleep time (TST), REM time, REM latency, nonREM1 + 2 time, nonREM3 time, and wake after sleep onset (WASO).

Validation of the French version of the Munich ChronoType questionnaire and associations between chronotype and physiological parameters.

Assessing chronotype is essential in clinical and research environments, but the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire (MCTQ), a widely utilised tool, is not available in French. Therefore, we carried out an observational monocentric study to validate the French MCTQ against the sleep diary for sleep schedules, the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) for chronotype, and polysomnography measures. We utilised the mid-sleep point on free days (MSF), adjusted for sleep debt (MSFsc), to gauge morningness/eveningness.

Dyspnea in young subjects with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome.

Background: It has been stated that patients with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) do not perceive dyspnea, which could be related to defective CO chemosensitivity.

Methods: We retrospectively selected the data of six-minute walk tests (6-MWT, n = 30), cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET, n = 5) of 30 subjects with CCHS (median age, 9.3 years, 17 females) who had both peripheral (controller loop gain, CG0) and central CO chemosensitivity (hyperoxic, hypercapnic response test [HHRT]) measurement.

[Pharmacotherapies for insomnia].

PHARMACOTHERAPIES FOR INSOMNIA. The first line of treatment in adult chronic insomnia is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). However, its difficult accessibility limited its use and medications are still often prescribed.