Chapter 12: PREPARATION FOR PARATHYROID SURGERY.

Preoperative treatment of PHPT aims to 1) manage severe and/or symptomatic hypercalcemia and 2) prevent postoperative hypocalcemia. Severe hypercalcemia, defined as a blood calcium level ≥ 3.5 mmol/L, requires admission to hospital in a conventional or critical care unit, depending on clinical symptoms and comorbidities.

Shaping tomorrow: how the STEP training course pioneered noninvasive brain stimulation training for psychiatry in France.

Over the past three decades, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have gained worldwide attention and demonstrated therapeutic potential in various medical fields, particularly psychiatry. The emergence of these novel techniques has led to an increased need for robust training programs to provide practitioners, whether clinicians or scientists, with the necessary skills and knowledge. In response, a comprehensive training curriculum for NIBS in psychiatry has been developed in France.

Congenital T cell activation impairs transitional to follicular B cell maturation in humans.

CTLA4-deficient patients exhibit profound humoral immune dysfunction, yet the basis for the B cell defect is not known. We observed a marked reduction in transitional to follicular B cell development in CTLA4-deficient patients, correlating with decreased CTLA4 function in regulatory T cells, increased CD40L levels in effector CD4+ T cells, and increased mTORC1 signaling in transitional B cells. Treatment of transitional B cells with CD40L was sufficient to induce mTORC1 signaling and inhibit follicular B cell maturation in vitro.

[Clinical associations of anti-Jo1 antibodies in a Moroccan population].

Anti-Jo1 antibodies are usually known markers of myositis. However, they can be associated with different pathologies. We aimed to determine the immuno-clinical characteristics of patients with positive anti-Jo1.

Low-dose IL-2 in birch pollen allergy: A phase-2 randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Regulatory T (Treg) cells are pivotal in immune tolerance to allergens. Low-dose IL-2 (IL-2) activates Treg cells.

Objective: Our aim was to assess IL-2 efficacy for controlling clinical responses to allergen exposures.

Association of the GRIK4 rs1954787 polymorphism with clinical response in antidepressant-treated depressed patients: results from a prospective cohort and meta-analysis.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Genetic factors influence the effect of its main treatment option, antidepressant drugs (ATD). The GRIK4 rs1954787(T>C) genetic polymorphism was associated with response following 1-3 months of ATD treatment in some studies, but not others.

Pulmonary function using impulse oscillometry system and clinical outcomes at age 4 years in children born extremely preterm with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to describe the early assessment of lung function and respiratory morbidity in children born extremely preterm with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Methods: This was a prospective study including all the children born at gestational age ≤28 weeks who received treatment in the NICU of the Centre Intercommunal de Créteil in France, from January 2006 to March 2012. Lung function, using the impulse oscillometry system, respiratory morbidity and growth were assessed at age 4 years.

Fluid balance neutralization secured by hemodynamic monitoring versus protocolized standard of care in patients with acute circulatory failure requiring continuous renal replacement therapy: results of the GO NEUTRAL randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Net ultrafiltration (UF) during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) can control fluid balance (FB), but is usually 0 ml·h in patients with vasopressors due to the risk of hemodynamic instability associated with CRRT (HIRRT). We evaluated a UF strategy adjusted by functional hemodynamics to control the FB of patients with vasopressors, compared to the standard of care.

Methods: In this randomized, controlled, open-label, parallel-group, multicenter, proof-of-concept trial, adults receiving vasopressors, CRRT since ≤ 24 h and cardiac output monitoring were randomized (ratio 1:1) to receive during 72 h a UF ≥ 100 ml·h, adjusted using a functional hemodynamic protocol (intervention), or a UF ≤ 25 ml·h (control).

Process-Specific Blood Biomarkers and Outcomes in COVID-19 Versus Non-COVID-19 ARDS (APEL-COVID Study): A Prospective, Observational Cohort Study.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are often considered separate clinico-radiological entities. Whether these conditions also present a single process-specific systemic biomolecular phenotype and how this relates to patient outcomes remains unknown. A prospective cohort study was conducted, including adult patients admitted to the ICU and general floors for COVID-19-related (COVID+) or non-COVID-19-related (COVID-) acute respiratory failure during the main phase of the pandemic.

[PartnerREC network: Result from a process of coconstruction with patient partners and researchers].

The PartnerREC network at the Geneva University Hospitals aims to facilitate the collaboration between researchers and patient partners in any type of clinical research, mainly those led at the HUG. It is the result of a coconstruction process initiated in 2019 by physicians, research professionals, cantonal research ethics committee members, a lawyer, and patient partners. The network implemented four initiatives: a) a website providing information to researchers and patients participating to research projects; b) personalized counseling for researchers to explore partnership opportunities in their own research projects; c) a training program related to patient partnership in research developed together with different partners in French-speaking Switzerland and d) its own research program on partnership in clinical research.

Acute COVID-19 severity markers predict post-COVID new-onset psychiatric disorders: A 2-year cohort study of 34,489 patients.

New-onset psychiatric disorders are frequent after COVID-19. We aim to determine whether acute COVID-19 severity markers can predict post-COVID new-onset psychiatric disorders. We conducted an electronic health records (EHR) cohort study of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and without any known history of psychiatric disorders.

Improving Pain Management in the Intensive Care Unit by Assessment.

Purpose: Patients in the intensive care unit suffer from pain caused by life-threatening illness or injury but also treatments such as surgery and nursing procedures such as venipuncture. Unconsciousness following head trauma or sedation stage complicates self-report, and both under- and over-management of pain can occur. Inadequate assessment and treatment might follow from unsuitable pain assessment practices.

Apelin-13 administration allows for norepinephrine sparing in a rat model of cecal ligation and puncture-induced septic shock.

Background: Infusion of exogenous catecholamines (i.e., norepinephrine [NE] and dobutamine) is a recommended treatment for septic shock with myocardial dysfunction.

International Benchmark for Total Metabolic Tumor Volume Measurement in Baseline F-FDG PET/CT of Lymphoma Patients: A Milestone Toward Clinical Implementation.

Total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) is prognostic in lymphoma. However, cutoff values for risk stratification vary markedly, according to the tumor delineation method used. We aimed to create a standardized TMTV benchmark dataset allowing TMTV to be tested and applied as a reproducible biomarker.

Effect of baseline fluid localization on visual acuity and prognosis in type 1 macular neovascularization treated with anti-VEGF.

Purpose: To assess the prognostic value of subretinal (SRF) and intraretinal fluid (IRF) localizations in type 1 macular neovascularization (MNV) due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Subjects: Eyes were prospectively treated with anti-vascular epithelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) intravitreal injections (IVT) according to a Pro-Re-Nata (PRN) or Treat and Extend (TAE) regimen during 24 months. A total of 211 eyes with treatment-naïve type 1 MNV secondary to AMD were consecutively included.

A quick access to information on influenza burden and prevention in Lyon university hospital: A prospective QR code-based information campaign in 2022-2023.

Background: Influenza vaccines are effective in decreasing hospitalizations and mortality related to influenza and its complications. However, the Vaccine Coverage Rate of influenza remains low and multifaceted efforts are required to improve it. The aim of this study was to assess the impact on influenza vaccine perception using a digital tool among outpatients and health care workers (HCWs).

Cost-effectiveness of a new multi-lumen infusion device to reduce central-venous-line-associated bloodstream infections in neonates.

Background: A new medical device was developed for multi-infusion in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) with the aim of addressing issues related to drug incompatibilities and central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs).

Aim: To assess the cost-effectiveness of implementing this new perfusion system in an NICU setting.

Methods: This single-centre, observational study was conducted in all infants admitted to the NICU within 3 days of birth, and who required a central venous line, to evaluate the cost and effectiveness before (2019) and after (2020) implementation of the new perfusion system.

Efficacy and Safety of Trazodone and Gabapentin Fixed-Dose Combination in Patients Affected by Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: Randomized, Controlled, Dose-Finding Study.

Introduction: Up to 50% of diabetic patients with neuropathy suffer from chronic pain, namely painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN), an unmet medical need with significant impact on quality of life. Gabapentin is widely used for PDN, albeit with frequent dose-limiting effects. Trazodone, an antidepressant with multi-modal action, has shown promising results when given at low doses as an add-on to gabapentin.