Role of Oxidative Stress Signaling, Nrf2, on Survival and Stemness of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Exposed to X-rays, Protons and Carbon Ions.

Some cancers have a poor prognosis and often lead to local recurrence because they are resistant to available treatments, e.g., glioblastoma.

Temperature Effects of Nuclear and Electronic Stopping Power on Si and C Radiation Damage in 3C-SiC.

Silicon carbide has been considered a material for use in the construction of advanced high-temperature nuclear reactors. However, one of the most important design issues for future reactors is the development of structural defects in SiC under a strong irradiation field at high temperatures. To understand how high temperatures affect radiation damage, SiC single crystals were irradiated at room temperature and after being heated to 800 °C with carbon and silicon ions of energies ranging between 0.

Inelastic electron scattering induced quantum coherence in molecular dynamics.

Quantum coherence is pivotal in various applications ranging from chemical control to quantum computing. An example of its manifestation in molecular dynamics is inversion symmetry breaking in the photodissociation of homonuclear diatomic molecules. On the other hand, the dissociative attachment of an incoherent electron also induces such coherent dynamics.

Nanoporous GaN by selective area sublimation through an epitaxial nanomask: AlN versus SiN.

Nanoporous GaN layers were fabricated using selective area sublimation through a self-organized AlN nanomask in a molecular beam epitaxy reactor. The obtained pore morphology, density and size were measured using plan-view and cross-section scanning electron microscopy experiments. It was found that the porosity of the GaN layers could be adjusted from 0.

A velocity map imaging spectrometer for measuring absolute differential cross sections for ion-induced electron emission from molecules.

In this paper, we present a newly developed crossed beam experimental setup that utilizes the velocity map imaging (VMI) technique to simultaneously measure both the kinetic energy and emission angle of electrons emitted from atoms or molecules upon ion collision. The projectile ion beam with keV to MeV kinetic energy orthogonally crosses the neutral target beam produced by an effusion cell. The emitted electrons are extracted and analyzed by a multi-electrode VMI spectrometer.

Infrared Spectroscopic Study on Swift-Ion Irradiation of Solid NO-HO Samples: Synthesis of N-O Bearing Species in Astrophysical Ices.

As of early 2022, only six species bearing an N-O bond have been detected toward cold molecular clouds and regions of star formation. It is not clear yet if the small number of N-O bond species found in the interstellar medium so far stems from physical and technological limitations of astronomical detection techniques, or whether in fact molecules that bear an N-O bond are for some reason rare in these objects of the interstellar medium. Astronomical N-O bearing molecules are important because they are part of astrochemical models which propose that they are precursors of hydroxylamine (NHOH), a species linked to the formation of prebiotic amino acids in space.

Guiding of keV ions between two insulating parallel plates.

Experimental data are presented for low-energy singly charged ion transport between two insulating parallel plates. Using a beam intensity of approximately 20 pA, measurements of the incoming and transmitted beams provide quantitative temporal information about the charge deposited on the plates and the guiding probability. Using a smaller beam intensity (~ 1 pA) plate charging and discharging properties were studied as a function of time.

Monte Carlo transport of swift protons and light ions in water: The influence of excitation cross sections, relativistic effects, and Auger electron emission in w-values.

Purpose: To develop a particle transport code to compute w-values and stopping power of swift ions in liquid water and gases of interest for reference dosimetry in hadrontherapy. To analyze the relevance of inelastic and post-collisional processes considered.

Methods: The Monte Carlo code MDM was extended to the case of swift ion impact on liquid water (MDM-Ion).

A multimodal treatment of carbon ions irradiation, miRNA-34 and mTOR inhibitor specifically control high-grade chondrosarcoma cancer stem cells.

Background And Purpose: High-grade chondrosarcomas are chemo- and radio-resistant cartilage-forming tumors of bone that often relapse and metastase. Thus, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed.

Material And Methods: Chondrosarcoma cells (CH-2879) were exposed to carbon-ion irradiation, combined with miR-34 mimic and/or rapamycin administration.

Mechanisms of Heparin-Induced Tau Aggregation Revealed by a Single Nanopore.

Protein aggregation is involved in many diseases, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. The latter is characterized by intraneuronal deposition of amyloid aggregates composed of the tau protein. Although large and insoluble aggregates are typically found in affected brains, intermediate soluble oligomers are thought to represent crucial species for toxicity and spreading.

Valine Radiolysis by H, He, N, and S MeV Ions.

Radiolysis of biomolecules by fast ions has interest in medical applications and astrobiology. The radiolysis of solid D-valine (0.2-2 μm thick) was performed at room temperature by 1.

Influence of the viscosity and charge mobility on the shape deformation of critically charged droplets.

In this work, we model and simulate the shape evolution of critically charged droplets, from the initial spherical shape to the charge emission and back to the spherical shape. The shape deformation is described using the viscous correction for viscous potential flow model, which is a potential flow approximation of the Navier-Stokes equation for incompressible Newtonian fluids. The simulated shapes are compared to snapshots of experimentally observed drop deformations.

Infrared complex refractive index of N-containing astrophysical ices free of water processed by cosmic-ray simulated in laboratory.

Several nitrogen-containing molecules have been unambiguously identified in the Solar System and in the Interstellar Medium. It is believed that such a rich inventory of species is a result of the energetic processing of astrophysical ices during the interaction with ionizing radiation. An intrinsic parameter of matter, the complex refractive index, stores all the "chemical memory" triggered by energetic processing, and therefore might be used to probe ice observations in the infrared.

Production of Hydronium Ion (HO) and Protonated Water Clusters (HO)H after Energetic Ion Bombardment of Water Ice in Astrophysical Environments.

Water ice exists on many objects in space. The most abundant icy species, among them water, are present in the icy satellites of the outer Solar System giant planets. The nuclei of comets, which are mainly composed of water ice, give another example of its abundance.

Single conical track-etched nanopore for a free-label detection of OSCS contaminants in heparin.

The heparin contamination by oversulfated chondroitin (OSCS) was at the origin of one major sanitary problem of last decade. Here we propose a novel strategy to detect OSCS from heparin solution based on conical nanopore functionalized with poly-L-lysine deposition to ensure its re-usability. This sensor is an excellent to detect low heparin concentration (from 25 ng/ml to 3 μg/ml) using the modification of ionic current rectification.

Nanopore Functionalized by Highly Charged Hydrogels for Osmotic Energy Harvesting.

The salinity gradient between brine and fresh water is an abundant source of power which can be harvested by two major membrane methods: pressure-retarded osmosis and reversed electrodialysis. Nowadays, the latter technology is close to real application, but it still suffers from low power yield. Low membrane selectivity and complex membrane fabrication are the main limiting factors.

Amyloid Growth, Inhibition, and Real-Time Enzymatic Degradation Revealed with Single Conical Nanopore.

Amyloid fibrils are involved in several neurodegenerative diseases. However, because of their polymorphism and low concentration, they are challenging to assess in real-time with conventional techniques. Here, we present a new approach for the characterization of the intermediates: protofibrils and "end-off" aggregates which are produced during the amyloid formation.

Cross-Correlation between Strain, Ferroelectricity, and Ferromagnetism in Epitaxial Multiferroic CoFeO/BaTiO Heterostructures.

Multiferroic biphase systems with robust ferromagnetic and ferroelectric response at room temperature would be ideally suitable for voltage-controlled nonvolatile memories. Understanding the role of strain and charges at interfaces is central for an accurate control of the ferroelectricity as well as of the ferromagnetism. In this paper, we probe the relationship between the strain and the ferromagnetic/ferroelectric properties in the layered CoFeO/BaTiO (CFO/BTO) model system.

IGLIAS: A new experimental set-up for low temperature irradiation studies at large irradiation facilities.

We designed and built a mobile experimental set-up for studying the interaction of ion beams with solid samples in a wide temperature range from 9 to 300 K. It is either possible to mount up to three samples prepared ex situ or to prepare samples by condensation of molecules from gases or vapours onto IR or Visible-ultraviolet (Vis-UV) transparent windows. The physico-chemical evolution during irradiation can be followed in situ with different analysis techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Vis-UV, and quadrupole mass spectrometry.

Impact of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers on the Ionic Current Rectification of Conical Nanopores.

Single conical nanopores were functionalised layer by layer with weak polyelectrolytes. We studied their influence on the ionic diode properties We have considered different couples of polyelectrolytes: poly-l-lysine/poly(acrylic acid) and poly(ethyleneimine)/poly(acrylic acid) as well as the influence of cross-linking. The results show that the nanopores decorated with poly(ethyleneimine)/poly(acrylic acid) exhibit an interesting behavior.

The structure of InAlGaN layers grown by metal organic vapour phase epitaxy: effects of threading dislocations and inversion domains from the GaN template.

Defects in quaternary InAlGaN barriers and their effects on crystalline quality and surface morphology have been studied. In addition to growth conditions, the quality of the GaN template may play an important role in the formation of defects in the barrier. Therefore, this work is focused on effects caused by threading dislocations (TDs) and inversion domains (IDs) originating from the underlying GaN.

Radioresistance of Adenine to Cosmic Rays.

The presence of nucleobases in carbonaceous meteorites on Earth is an indication of the existence of this class of molecules in outer space. However, space is permeated by ionizing radiation, which can have damaging effects on these molecules. Adenine is a purine nucleobase that amalgamates important biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, and ATP.

Mimicking pH-Gated Ionic Channels by Polyelectrolyte Complex Confinement Inside a Single Nanopore.

Biological channels have served as inspiration to design stimuli-response artificial nanopores. Here we propose an original approach to design a pH-gate nanopore based on polyethylenimine and chondroitin-4-sulfate (ChS) layer-by-layer self-assembly. This approach is interesting because it is rapid and permits monitoring in real time of functionalization.

Layered crystalline ZnInS nanosheets: CVD synthesis and photo-electrochemical properties.

Two-dimensional semiconductors with layer thicknesses of a few nanometers to tens of nanometers have attracted tremendous research interest due to their fascinating electrical, optical, and optoelectronic properties and technologically important applications. In this work, two dimensional ternary ZnInS nanosheets which self-assemble into microflowers have been synthesized through a feasible chemical vapour deposition process. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) analysis reveals that the ZnInS nanostructure exhibits an extremely high phase purity and a single crystal nature free of dislocations, stacking faults or twins.

Hydrogen Emission and Macromolecular Radiation-Induced Defects in Polyethylene Irradiated under an Inert Atmosphere: The Role of Energy Transfers toward trans-Vinylene Unsaturations.

This article is aimed at studying the evolution of H release as well as radiation-induced defects in polyethylene (PE), as a function of the irradiation dose under anoxic conditions. We analyze the influence of the energy transfers and trapping toward radiation-induced defects on the evolution of the radiation chemical yields with dose. One key objective herein is to quantify the contribution of these transfers toward trans-vinylene (TV) on H emission.