Best clinical model predicting extubation failure: a diagnostic accuracy post hoc analysis.

Purpose: Predicting extubation failure remains a clinical challenge. This study aimed to determine diagnostic accuracy of models used at the bed side.

Methods: Post hoc analysis of 2341 patients at all risk included in five multicenter randomized trials.

Clinical Benefits of Parasternal Block with Multihole Catheters when Inserted before Sternotomy.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess whether parasternal block with multihole catheters inserted before surgical incision enables to alleviate postoperative analgesia and opioid reduction in cardiac surgery patients with sternotomy.

Methods: Twenty-six adult patients scheduled for cardiac surgery with sternotomy aged between 18 and 84 olds were included in this prospective, monocentric, open, single-group trial. Two parasternal multihole catheters were inserted on each side of the sternum before the surgical skin incision for cardiac surgery and 10 mL of ropivacaine 7.

Concentration vs. Optical Density of ESKAPEE Bacteria: A Method to Determine the Optimum Measurement Wavelength.

Optical density measurement has been used for decades to determine the microorganism concentration and more rarely for mammalian cells. Although this measurement can be carried out at any wavelength, studies report a limited number of measurement wavelengths, mainly around 600 nm, and no consensus seems to be emerging to propose an objective method for determining the optimum measurement wavelength for each microorganism. In this article, we propose a method for analyzing the absorbance spectra of ESKAPEE bacteria and determining the optimum measurement wavelength for each of them.

Effect of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Pilot Study.

: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common condition with limited long-term treatment options. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has shown potential for pain improvement, but its use in CLBP remains underexplored. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy, feasibility and tolerability of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in reducing pain and improving functional outcomes in CLBP patients.

Recurrences and rechallenges of suspected drugs in epidermal necrolysis patients.

Background: Epidermal necrolysis (EN) is a rare and severe condition, characterized by a diffuse skin and mucosal detachment and mainly induced by drugs. Literature is scarce regarding the rate of recurrences and culprit drug re-exposure.

Objectives: To assess the rate of EN recurrences as well as high notoriety drugs re-exposures in patients with EN.

Hypereosinophilia and Hypereosinophilic Syndromes: First Findings From a Nationwide Multicenter Cohort.

Background: Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are a heterogenous group of eosinophilic disorders. To date, only retrospective studies of limited sample-size and/or follow-up duration are available.

Methods: The COHESion study is a national prospective multicenter multidisciplinary cohort recruiting both adults or children with the spectrum of eosinophilic disorders (including reactive HE/HES [HE/HES-R], idiopathic HES [HES-I], lymphocytic HES [HES-L], neoplastic HE/HES [HE/HES-N], HE of unknown significance [HE-US], as well as IgG4-related disease [IgG4RD] or ANCA-negative eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis [EGPA] overlaps).

Trends of Publication of Negative Trials Over Time.

Studies with negative results are less likely to be published than others, potentially leading to publication bias. Introduced in 2000, trial registration could have participated in decreasing the proportion of unpublished studies. We assessed the proportion of negative randomized controlled trials (RCT) over the last 20 years.

Description and characterization of pneumococcal community acquired pneumonia (CAP) among radiologically confirmed CAP in outpatients.

Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) remains an important cause of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to describe the prevalence and characteristics of outpatients with radiologically confirmed pneumococcal CAP. Between November 2017 and December 2019, a French network of general practitioners enrolled CAP-suspected adults, with ≥1 clinical signs of infection and ≥1 signs of pulmonary localization in an observational study.

Day-to-day dynamics of fetal heart rate variability to detect chorioamnionitis in preterm premature rupture of membranes.

Background: Chorioamnionitis is recognized as a major consequence of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), and a frequent cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The association between fetal heart rate (FHR) and chorioamnionitis remains unclear.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of FHR in a PPROM population at the approach of delivery according to the presence or absence of chorioamnionitis.

Systolic Blood Pressure and Pulse Pressure in Heart Failure: Pooled Participant-Level Analysis of 4 Trials.

Background: Hypertension is common in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF/HFpEF), and current guidelines recommend treating systolic blood pressure (SBP) to a target <130 mm Hg. However, data supporting treatment to this target are limited. Additionally, pulse pressure (PP), a marker of aortic stiffness, has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, but its prognostic impact in HFpEF has not been extensively studied.

The joint memory effect: challenging the selfish stigma in Huntington's disease?

The prevalent belief that individuals with Huntington's disease exhibit selfish behaviour, disregarding the thoughts, feelings and actions of others, has been challenged by patient organizations and clinical experts. To further investigate this issue and study whether participants with Huntington's disease can pay attention to others, a joint memory task was carried out in patients with Huntington's disease with and without a partner. This study involved 69 participants at an early stage of Huntington's disease and 56 healthy controls from the UK, France and Germany, who participated in the international Repair-HD multicentre study (NCT03119246).

Treatment strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk in persons with chronic kidney disease and Type 2 diabetes.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent and progressive condition associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Diabetes is a common cause of CKD, and both diabetes and CKD increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in individuals with CKD. This review will discuss the importance of early detection of CKD and prompt pharmacological intervention to slow CKD progression and delay the development of CVD for improving outcomes.

Effect of oral nintedanib vs placebo on epistaxis in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: the EPICURE multicenter randomized double-blind trial.

Epistaxis greatly affects patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Although few systemic treatment exist, nintedanib, is a good candidate thanks to its anti-angiogenic activity. Our main objective was to evaluate the efficacy of oral nintedanib on epistaxis duration in HHT patients with moderate to severe epistaxis.

β-Lactam Inoculum Effect in Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Infective Endocarditis.

Importance: Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by Staphylococcus aureus is associated with high mortality, approximately 20% to 30%, mostly in the first month, with no improvement in recent decades. Current opinion is that antistaphylococcal penicillin and cefazolin are equally effective in treating methicillin-susceptible S aureus (MSSA) IE, and both are recommended as possible first-line treatments. Most MSSA strains carry the β-lactamase blaZ gene, and some blaZ-positive strains exhibit an inoculum effect, meaning increased minimum inhibitory concentrations at high inoculum.

Ciprofloxacin-susceptible but levofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains with Vitek2: which mechanism involved and consequences in case of fluoroquinolone treatment?

Purpose: Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains isolated harbored sometimes an atypical phenotype using the automated Vitek2: ciprofloxacin-susceptibility but levofloxacin-resistance according to 2019 CA-SFM criteria. The aims of this study are to investigate the resistance mechanism(s) involved and to identify the consequences on fluoroquinolone treatment.

Methods: Strain resistance profile, patient's data were recovered and reviewed from the database.

Intracranial complications in adult patients with severe pneumococcal meningitis: a retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Background: We aimed to investigate the association of intracranial complications diagnosed on neuroimaging with neurological outcomes of adults with severe pneumococcal meningitis.

Methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter study on consecutive adults diagnosed with pneumococcal meningitis requiring at least 48 h of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) and undergoing neuroimaging, between 2005 and 2021. All neuroimaging were reanalyzed to look for intracranial complications which were categorized as (1) ischemic lesion, (2) intracranial hemorrhage (3) abscess/empyema, (4) ventriculitis, (5) cerebral venous thrombosis, (6) hydrocephalus, (7) diffuse cerebral oedema.

Unraveling Diabetic Kidney Disease: The Roles of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Immunometabolism.

Mitochondria are essential for cellular energy production and are implicated in numerous diseases, including diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Current evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction results in alterations in several metabolic pathways within kidney cells, thereby contributing to the progression of DKD. Furthermore, mitochondrial dysfunction can engender an inflammatory milieu, leading to the activation and recruitment of immune cells to the kidney tissue, potentially perturbing intrarenal metabolism.

Methodological expectations for demonstration of health product effectiveness by observational studies.

The issue of assessing the effectiveness of health technologies (drugs, devices, etc.) through observational studies is becoming increasingly important as registration and market access agencies consider them in their evaluation process. In this context, observational studies must be able to provide real demonstrations of a level of reliability comparable to those produced by the conventional randomized controlled trial (RCT) approach.

Impact of pediatric continuous renal replacement therapy parameters on meropenem, piperacillin, and tazobactam pharmacokinetics: an model.

Background: Limited data exist on how continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) affects antimicrobial dosing in pediatric patients. This study examined the impact of pediatric CRRT parameters on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of meropenem, piperacillin, and tazobactam using an in vitro CRRT model.

Research Design And Methods: An in vitro CRRT model with a pediatric ST60 circuit was used to assess antimicrobial clearance during continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) or hemofiltration (CVVH).

Fungal biomarkers in HIV-associated disseminated histoplasmosis: a multicenter diagnostic accuracy study on the Guiana shield.

Objectives: Diagnosis of HIV-associated histoplasmosis remains challenging. Our objective was to compare the performances of (1→3)-β-D-Glucan (BDG) and aspergillus galactomannan (GM) antigen for the diagnosis of HIV-associated histoplasmosis.

Methods: We performed a diagnostic accuracy study using frozen primary serum specimens issued from consecutive hospitalized people living with HIV (PLWH) and blindly tested for BDG and GM using Fungitell and PlateliaAspergillus, respectively.

Associations between prenatal exposure to PFAS and cardiometabolic health in preadolescents.

Introduction: While a number of studies have examined the effects of prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on childhood obesity, the results reported have been inconsistent and few studies have integrated biological markers. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between prenatal exposure to PFAS and cardiometabolic health parameters at age 12, taking pubertal stage into consideration.

Method: This study included 394 mother-child pairs enrolled in the PELAGIE mother-child cohort (France).

Neuropsychological profile of French adults with early-treated phenylketonuria: a multicenter study.

Background And Objective: Adult patients with early-treated phenylketonuria (AwET-PKU) may present some subtle neurocognitive deficits. The aim of the study was to investigate 1) neurocognitive functions in a large group of AwET-PKU 2) the influence of plasma phenylalanine (Phe).

Methods: Participants: 187 AwET-PKU (classic PKU [cPKU] 81%, mild PKU [mPKU] 14%, and mild persistent hyperphenylalaninemia [MPH] 5%).

How to distinguish spinocerebellar ataxia 27B from late onset cerebellar ataxia: insights from a case-control study.

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia 27B is the most common genetic late onset cerebellar ataxia (LOCA). However, it commonly overlaps with other genetic LOCA as with the cerebellar form of multiple system atrophy (MSA-C).

Objectives: To pinpoint which clinical signs and symptoms best discriminate between FGF14 + from FGF14 - patients at symptoms' onset.