Cross-sectional study of the prevalence of prescription opioids misuse in French patients with chronic non-cancer pain: An update with the French version of the POMI scale.

Public health issues related to chronic pain management and the risks of opioid misuse and abuse remain a challenge for practitioners. Data on the prevalence of disorders related to the use of prescribed opioids in patients suffering from chronic pain remains rather patchy, in particular because of the absence of a gold standard for their clinical assessment. We estimated the prevalence of prescription opioid misuse (POM), using a specific and validated opioid misuse scale (POMI-5F scale), in adults with chronic non-cancer pain.

Amygdala and anterior insula control the passage from nociception to pain.

Activation of the spinothalamic system does not always result in a subjective pain perception. While the cerebral network processing nociception is relatively well known, the one underlying its transition to conscious pain remains poorly described. We used intracranial electroencephalography in epileptic patients to investigate whether the amplitudes and functional connectivity of posterior and anterior insulae (PI and AI) and amygdala differ according to the subjective reports to laser stimuli delivered at a constant intensity set at nociceptive threshold.

Lifestyle and chronic pain: double jeopardy?

Given the often disappointing results of pharmacotherapy, many patients with chronic pain seek to modify their lifestyle. Some lifestyle factors, such as the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, or psychostimulants, are deleterious in this context, whereas others, such as physical activity and a balanced diet, are considered beneficial, but these require substantial effort on the part of patients. In all cases, it is important to analyse lifestyle factors in patients with chronic pain, without stigmatisation, as the co-existence of pain and inappropriate behaviour can be seen as double jeopardy in patients with pain.

A Comprehensive Review of Pain Interference on Postural Control: From Experimental to Chronic Pain.

Motor control, movement impairment, and postural control recovery targeted in rehabilitation could be affected by pain. The main objective of this comprehensive review is to provide a synthesis of the effect of experimental and chronic pain on postural control throughout the available literature. After presenting the neurophysiological pathways of pain, we demonstrated that pain, preferentially localized in the lower back or in the leg induced postural control alteration.

Additional Benefit of Intraoperative Electroacupuncture in Improving Tolerance of Deep Brain Stimulation Surgical Procedure in Parkinsonian Patients.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective technique to treat patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. The surgical procedure of DBS implantation is generally performed under local anesthesia due to the need for intraoperative clinical testing. However, this procedure is long (5-7 h on average) and, therefore, the objective that the patient remains co-operative and tolerates the intervention well is a real challenge.

eDOL mHealth App and Web Platform for Self-monitoring and Medical Follow-up of Patients With Chronic Pain: Observational Feasibility Study.

Background: Chronic pain affects approximately 30% of the general population, severely degrades quality of life (especially in older adults) and professional life (inability or reduction in the ability to work and loss of employment), and leads to billions in additional health care costs. Moreover, available painkillers are old, with limited efficacy and can cause significant adverse effects. Thus, there is a need for innovation in the management of chronic pain.

Interoception and social cognition in chronic low back pain: a common inference disturbance? An exploratory study.

Lower interoceptive abilities are a characteristic of chronic pain conditions. Social support plays an important role in chronic low back pain (cLBP) but social cognitive skills have rarely been investigated. This study aimed to characterize interoceptive and social cognitive abilities in cLBP and to study the relationship between both domains that have been brought closer together by brain predictive coding models.

Antiallodynic action of phosphodiesterase inhibitors in a mouse model of peripheral nerve injury.

Neuropathic pain arises as a consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory nervous system. It is accompanied by neuronal and non-neuronal alterations, including alterations in intracellular second messenger pathways. Cellular levels of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are regulated by phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes.

[The management of multimorphic cancer pain, from diagnosis to treatment].

Cancer pain remains a major public health issue. Despite progress in pain medicine thanks to the interest shown in early and timely supportive care, more than half the patients managed for cancer are in pain. One of the key factors in high quality multidisciplinary management throughout the care pathway is to assess more than just pain: it is necessary to assess the patient as a whole.

Comparative effect of dense-and-disperse versus non-repetitive and non-sequential frequencies in electroacupuncture-induced analgesia in a rodent model of peripheral neuropathic pain.

Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a complex disease that remains challenging to treat. Low-frequency dense-and-disperse (DD) electroacupuncture (EA) has been used as adjuvant therapy for neuropathic pain; however, its analgesic effect decreases as stimulation time increases, or when it is repeatedly used. We hypothesized that a new frequency parameter could improve the effectiveness of EA, and aimed to compare the efficacy and duration of the analgesic effect between classic DD-EA and non-repetitive and non-sequential frequency (random frequency (RF)-EA) in neuropathic rats.

The role of the vagus nerve in fibromyalgia syndrome.

Fibromyalgia (FM) syndrome is a common illness characterized by chronic widespread pain, sleep problems, fatigue, and cognitive difficulties. Dysfunctional neurotransmitter systems that influence the body's endogenous stress response systems are thought to underlie many of the major FM-related symptoms. A model of FM pathogenesis suggests biological and psychosocial variables interact to influence the genetic predisposition, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear.

Hemiplegic Migraine Associated With Variations: A Clinical and Genetic Study.

Background And Objective: variants have been reported in a few cases of patients with hemiplegic migraine. To clarify the role of in familial hemiplegic migraine, we studied this gene in a large cohort of affected probands.

Methods: was analyzed in 860 probands with hemiplegic migraine, and variations were identified in 30 probands.

Assessment of Central Sensitization in Breast Cancer Survivors: Convergent Validity and Use of the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) and Its Short-Form as a Clustering Tool.

The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) measurement properties in patients having nonspecific, noncancer pain are well-established. However, studies examining the reliability and validity of either the CSI or the Central Sensitization Inventory short-form version (CSI-9) in breast cancer survivors (BCS) are scarce. The purpose was to evaluate convergent validity and internal consistency of the CSI and CSI-9.

Stabilometric analysis as a cognitive function predictor in adults over the age of 50: A cross-sectional study conducted in a Memory Clinic.

Background: The aging process reduces adaptive balance responses. Two-thirds of older adults with cognitive problems suffer at least one fall every year, a rate three times higher than that observed in older adults without dementia. This cross-sectional study aims to analyze the relationship between balance and cognitive status in adults older than 50 years.

Migraine with aura.

Around 15% to one-third of migraineurs experience aura. Aura is a fully reversible focal neurological phenomenon involving visual, sensory, speech, and/or motor symptoms that develops gradually and usually precedes the headache phase. The pivotal role of cortical spreading depression (CSD) as a mechanism underlying aura has been widely supported by a large body of studies.

Revised guidelines of the French Headache Society for the diagnosis and management of migraine in adults. Part 1: Diagnosis and assessment.

The French Headache Society proposes updated French guidelines for the management of migraine. The first part of these recommendations is focused on the diagnosis and assessment of migraine. First, migraine needs to be precisely diagnosed according to the currently validated criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3d version (ICHD-3).

Revised guidelines of the French headache society for the diagnosis and management of migraine in adults. Part 2: Pharmacological treatment.

The French Headache Society proposes updated French guidelines for the management of migraine. This article presents the second part of the guidelines, which is focused on the pharmacological treatment of migraine, including both the acute treatment of attacks and the prophylaxis of episodic migraine as well as chronic migraine with and without medication overuse. The specific situations that can be encountered in women with migraine are also discussed, including pregnancy, menstrual migraine, contraception and hormonal replacement therapy.

Revised guidelines of the French headache society for the diagnosis and management of migraine in adults. Part 3: Non-pharmacological treatment.

The French Headache Society proposes updated French guidelines for the management of migraine. This article presents the third part of the guidelines, which is focused on the non-pharmacological treatment of migraine, including physical exercise, dietary supplements and plants, diets, neuromodulation therapies, acupuncture, behavioral interventions and mindfulness therapy, patent foramen ovale closure and surgical nerve decompression.

Medication overuse headache: Updating of the French recommendations regarding the treatment strategies.

Regular and frequent use of analgesics and acute antimigraine drugs can increase the frequency of headache, and induce the transition from episodic to chronic migraine or medication-overuse headache (MOH). The one-year prevalence of this condition is between 1% and 2% in Europe, provoking substantial burden. MOH is more prevalent in people with comorbid depression, anxiety, and other chronic pain conditions.

Platelet-rich plasma and cytokines in neuropathic pain: A narrative review and a clinical perspective.

Background And Objective: Neuropathic pain arises as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. A number of preclinical studies have provided evidence for the involvement of cytokines, predominantly secreted by a variety of immune cells and by glial cells from the nervous system, in neuropathic pain conditions. Clinical trials and the use of anti-cytokine drugs in different neuropathic aetiologies support the relevance of cytokines as treatment targets.

Contralateral Sensory and Pain Perception Changes in Patients With Unilateral Neuropathy.

Objective: To test whether contralateral sensory abnormalities in the clinically unaffected area of patients with unilateral neuropathic pain are due to the neuropathy or pain mechanisms.

Methods: We analyzed the contralateral clinically unaffected side of patients with unilateral painful or painless neuropathy (peripheral nerve injury [PNI], postherpetic neuropathy [PHN], radiculopathy) by standardized quantitative sensory testing following a validated protocol. Primary outcome was the independent contribution of the following variables on the contralateral sensory function using generalized linear regression models: pain intensity, disease duration, etiology, body area, and sensory patterns in the most painful area.