13 results match your criteria: "Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM)[Affiliation]"
Parasitol Today
August 1998
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), UMR CNRS/ORSTOM 9926, ORSTOM, BP 5045, 34032 Montpellier Cedex 1, France.
In the past 20 years, genetic and molecular methods for characterizing pathogen strains have taken a major place in modern approaches to epidemiology of parasitic and other infectious diseases. Here, Michel Tibayrenc explains the main concepts used in this field of research, with special emphasis on the approaches developed in his team, and suggests future avenues to explore.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobes Infect
June 2002
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), UMR CNRS/IRD 9926, IRD, Equipe Evolution des Systèmes Symbiotiques, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 5045, 34032 Montpellier cedex 1, France.
We investigated the genetic diversity and the population structure of 32 Plasmodium falciparum blood sample isolates (25 from Dakar city and suburbs and seven from other localities in Senegal) with two different types of molecular markers, 19 microsatellite and four antigenic determinant loci. Under the same technical procedure, microsatellite loci showed a mean number of alleles greater than that of antigenic loci. Both markers revealed that 15.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobes Infect
August 2001
Centre d'études sur le polymorphisme des microorganismes (CEPM), UMR CNRS-IRD 9926, Equipe Evolution des Systèmes Symbiotiques, IRD, 911 avenue Agropolis, BP 5045, 34032 cedex 1, Montpellier, France.
Knowledge of the population dynamics of parasites and their hosts is essential to build veterinary and health programs. The example chosen is that of Fasciola hepatica, a food-borne trematode responsible for severe human and animal infections on the five continents. In this paper, we review the relationships between the liver fluke and its intermediate (mollusc) and definitive (vertebrate) hosts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Trop
February 2001
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), Unité Mixte de Recherche Centre, National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD, Montpellier, France.
Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) of 99 Chilean and 11 Paraguayan stocks of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease, was performed for 22 variable genetic loci. As previously shown for this parasite in other geographic areas, a pattern of long-term clonal evolution of T. cruzi genotypes was inferred, both by strong departures of Hardy-Weinberg expectations and high linkage disequilibrium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Parasitol
October 2000
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), Unité Mixte de Recherche no. 9926 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), B.P. 5045, 34032 Montpellier Cedex 1, France.
Eight Trypanosoma cruzi stocks pertaining to the clonal genotypes 19/20, 32, and 39 have been characterized for three experimental parameters of infectivity in Balb/c mice: (i) percentage of mice with a patent parasitemia (% MPP), (ii) maximum parasitemia (MP), and (iii) percentage of mice with positive hemoculture (% MPH). By order of decreasing values, the values recorded for the clonal genotypes ranked as follows: 19/20, 32, and 39, except for the % MPP parameter, for which 19/20 and 32 were not statistically different. The rate of successful reisolation after infection in mice, analyzed by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and random amplified polymorphic DNA typing, was statistically different according to the clonal genotype and was different for uniclonal infections and for mixed infections by two different clonal genotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Eukaryot Microbiol
September 2000
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), Unité Mixte de Recherche Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD), Montpellier, France.
A set of 38 Leishmania stocks from the Andean valleys of Peru was characterized by both Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis (MLEE) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Data were analyzed in terms of taxonomy and evolutionary genetics. Synapomorphic MLEE and RAPD characters, clear-cut clustering, and strong agreement between the phylogenies inferred from either MLEE or RAPD supported the view that Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis correspond to two closely related, but distinct monophyletic lines (clades) and can therefore be considered as "discrete typing units" (DTUs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Rev Genet
March 2000
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), Centre IRD de Montpellier, France.
Due to the increase of human migrations, the appearance of emerging and reemerging endemies, growing antibiotic resistance, and climatic changes, infectious diseases most probably constitute the major challenge for medicine in the next century. The advent of molecular methods of pathogen characterization has considerably improved our knowledge of the epidemiology of these diseases. However, the use of concepts of evolutionary genetics for interpreting "molecular epidemiology" data remains limited, although the application of such methods would broaden considerably the scope of this field of research, and allow epidemiologic and taxonomic approaches to be ascertained on a much firmer basis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Parasitol
January 2000
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM, ) UMR No. 9926 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD, 911 avenue Agropolis, BP 5045, 34 032, Montpellier, France.
Genetic characterisation of Trypanosoma cruzi variants is of foremost importance, due to considerable genetic and biological heterogeneity in the parasite populations. Two major phylogenetic lineages, each highly heterogeneous, have been previously described within this species. Here we characterised a geographically and ecologically diverse sample of stocks representative of the breadth of the known clonal diversity of each major lineage, using random amplified polymorphic DNA with 20 primers and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis at 22 loci.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobes Infect
May 1999
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), UMR CNRS/IRD 9926, IRD, BP 5045, 34032 Montpellier, France.
We review recent advances in the study of population structure and phylogenetic diversity of parasites belonging to the genera Trypanosoma and Leishmania. In all species properly analyzed, these parasites exhibit a basically clonal population structure, with occasional bouts of genetic exchange or hybridization, and a strong structuration of their populations into discrete evolutionary lineages. On an evolutionary scale, the impact of sex appears to be greater in African than in American trypanosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Parasitol
August 1999
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), UMR CNRS/IRD 9926, IRD, BP 5045, Montpellier Cedex 01, 34032, France.
Abderrazak, S. B., Oury, B, Lal, A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFolia Parasitol (Praha)
July 1999
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), Unité Mixte de Recherche Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.
We have assessed the phylogenetic status of the Leishmania genome project Friedlin reference strain by MLEE and multiprimer RAPD including a set of 9 stocks representative of the main Leishmania species and of the whole genetic diversity of the Leishmania genus. To our knowledge, the detailed genetic characterization of the Friedlin strain has never been published before. As previously recorded (Tibayrenc et al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMem Inst Oswaldo Cruz
March 1999
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), UMR CNRS/ORSTOM 9926, Monptellier, France.
Genetic typing of pathogenic agents and of vectors has known impressive developments in the last 10 years, thanks to the progresses of molecular biology, and to the contribution of the concepts of evolutionary genetics. Moreover, we know more and more on the genetic susceptibility of man to infectious diseases. I propose here to settle a new, synthetic field of research, which I call 'integrated genetic epidemiology of infectious diseases' (IGEID).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Eukaryot Microbiol
October 1997
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes (CEPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Institut Français de Recherche Scientifique pour le Développement en Coopération (ORSTOM), Montpellier, France.
The taxonomic attribution of four Leishmania stocks isolated from humans in Ecuador has been explored by both multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and random amplified polymorphic DNA. For three loci, MLEE results showed patterns suggesting a heterozygous state for a diploid organism, while the corresponding homozygous states are characteristic of the Leishmania panamensis/guyanensis complex and Leishmania braziliensis, respectively. Other enzyme loci showed characters attributable to either the L.
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